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Orthop J Sports Med 2022 Mar 24;10(3):23259671211055136. Epub 2022 Mar 24.

Department of Orthopaedics, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA.

Background: Despite an abundance of injury research focusing on European professional soccer athletes, there are limited injury data on professional soccer players in the United States.

Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of injury across multiple years in Major League Soccer (MLS) players.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 12 27;19(1). Epub 2021 Dec 27.

Observational Research Group, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain.

Background: The study of football injuries is a subject that concerns the scientific community. The problem of most of the available research is that it is mainly descriptive. The objective of this study is to discover and analyse the patterns of injury in the Spanish Football League (2016-2017 season). Read More

Phys Ther Sport 2021 Nov 19;52:297-304. Epub 2021 Oct 19.

School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Australia; Griffith Centre of Biomedical and Rehabilitation Engineering (GCORE), Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Australia; La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address:

Objective: To compare lower limb strength and countermovement jump (CMJ) kinetics between elite female footballers with and without a history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), hamstring strain, or hip/groin injury.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Field-based. Read More

Scand J Med Sci Sports 2022 Jan 31;32(1):177-190. Epub 2021 Oct 31.

School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

We investigated the pattern of injuries in elite-level women's football in Ireland, during a two-season prospective injury surveillance study in the Women's National League (WNL). Seven out of the eight clubs (271 players) in the WNL were followed prospectively during the 2018 and 2019 seasons. The injury incidence rate in matches (19. Read More

Int J Sports Phys Ther 2021 1;16(5):1210-1221. Epub 2021 Oct 1.

Walsh University (OH).

Background: Groin strains are one of the most common time-loss injuries in athletes. The Copenhagen Adductor Exercise (CAE) eccentrically strengthens the adductors and may function to prevent adductor strains, similar to the eccentric mechanism in which the Nordic Hamstrings exercise acts to prevent hamstring strains.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature on the CAE and its effects on adductor muscle strength and muscle activity in athletes. Read More

Phys Sportsmed 2021 Oct 6:1-8. Epub 2021 Oct 6.

Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effects of COVID-19 confinement on hamstring eccentric strength, hip adduction-abduction strength, and posterior chain flexibility in professional male soccer players. We also aimed to investigate whether muscle strength and flexibility would change when the players returned to play after COVID-19 confinement.

Methods: Thirty professional male soccer (Age; 24. Read More

J Sport Rehabil 2021 Apr 9;30(8):1224-1229. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Context: The high rates of adductor injuries and reinjuries in soccer have suggested that the current rehabilitation programs may be insufficient; therefore, there is a need to create prevention and reconditioning programs to prepare athletes for the specific demands of the sport.

Objective: The aim of this study is to validate a rehab and reconditioning program (RRP) for adductor injuries through a panel of experts and determine the effectiveness of this program through its application in professional soccer.

Design: A 20-item RRP was developed, which was validated by a panel of experts anonymously and then applied to 12 injured male professional soccer players. Read More

Dis Aquat Organ 2021 Mar 11;144:9-19. Epub 2021 Mar 11.

Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.

Francisella halioticida, the causative agent of francisellosis of the giant abalone Haliotis gigantea, has also been isolated from Yesso scallops Mizuhopecten yessoensis, which presented with orange/pinkish lesions in the adductor muscle and experienced high mortality. However, it is not clear whether the F. halioticida isolated from the giant abalone and Yesso scallops are phenotypically and genetically identical to each other. Read More

Clin Sports Med 2021 Apr 10;40(2):409-428. Epub 2021 Feb 10.

Atlanta Braves, Truist Park, 755 Battery Avenue, Southeast, Atlanta, GA 30339, USA.

The athlete's hip is complex when it comes to the surrounding musculature-approximately 21 different muscles can cross the hip and pelvis region, all synchronously working to maintain pelvic stability and functional hip activities. Commonly injured muscle groups for high-level athletes include flexors, adductors, abductors, and/or proximal hamstring musculotendinous complex. These muscle groups work in harmony; however, each has an independent function and propensity for injury. Read More

Clin Sports Med 2021 Apr 10;40(2):323-338. Epub 2021 Feb 10.

Department of Orthopedics and Physical Rehabilitation, University of Massachusetts Medicine School, Worcester, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Core muscle injury is a common but difficult problem to treat. Although it can affect all individuals, it is most commonly seen in male athletes in cutting, twisting, pivoting, and explosive sports. Owing to the high association of femoroacetabular impingement, we believe these individuals are best treated with a multidisciplinary approach involving both orthopedic and general surgeons. Read More

eNeuro 2021 Jan-Feb;8(1). Epub 2021 Feb 1.

Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390

Motor neurons (MNs) innervating the digit muscles of the intrinsic hand (IH) and intrinsic foot (IF) control fine motor movements. The ability to reproducibly label specifically IH and IF MNs in mice would be a beneficial tool for studies focused on fine motor control. To this end, we find that a CRE knock-in mouse line of , a developmentally expressed basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, reliably expresses CRE-dependent reporter genes in ∼60% of the IH and IF MNs. Read More

Eur J Neurol 2021 05 23;28(5):1548-1556. Epub 2021 Jan 23.

Department of Otolaryngology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.

Background And Purpose: Botulinum toxin (BT) injection into the laryngeal muscles has been a standard treatment for spasmodic dysphonia (SD). However, few high-quality clinical studies have appeared, and BT is used off-label in most countries.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blinded, parallel-group comparison/open-label clinical trial to obtain approval for BT (Botox) therapy in Japan. Read More

J Sci Med Sport 2021 May 16;24(5):454-462. Epub 2020 Nov 16.

Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Qatar; Erasmus MC Center for Groin Injuries, Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, The Netherlands; Sport Medicine and Exercise Clinic Haarlem (SBK), The Netherlands.

Objectives: To investigate the association between clinical assessment and MRI measures of oedema and MRI grading in male athletes with acute adductor injuries.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: We included 81 consecutive athletes with acute adductor injuries. Read More

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021 03 28;51(3):126-134. Epub 2020 Oct 28.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between repeated clinical measures and the progression of rehabilitation of male athletes with acute adductor injuries.

Design: Prospective observational cohort study.

Methods: Male athletes with acute adductor injuries received a standardized criteria-based rehabilitation program with 4 repeated clinical measures during rehabilitation: the extent of palpation pain (length and width in centimeters), the bent-knee fall-out test (BKFO; in centimeters), hip abduction range of motion (in degrees), and eccentric hip adduction strength (in Newton meters per kilogram). Read More

Chemosphere 2020 Dec 23;261:128063. Epub 2020 Aug 23.

CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.

Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are a group of natural toxic substances often found in marine bivalves. Accumulation, anatomical distribution, biotransformation and depuration of PSTs in different tissues of bivalves, however, are still not very well understood. In this study, we investigated biokinetics and biotransformation of PSTs in six different tissues, namely gill, mantle, gonad, adductor muscle, kidney, and digestive gland, in Yesso scallops Patinopecten yessoensis exposed to a toxic strain of dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum. Read More

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020 10;50(10):586

A 20-year-old male collegiate soccer goalkeeper presented to an athletic trainer during the season complaining of right (dominant kicking leg) groin pain. The athletic trainer identified a mass and hematoma and suspected myositis ossificans. The patient was referred to the team physician, who ordered radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other injuries. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 09 2;17(17). Epub 2020 Sep 2.

Department of Sports and Informatics, Sport Faculty, University of Pablo de Olavide of Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.

Coaches at the professional level are often concerned about negative side effects from testing and intensive resistance training periods, and they are not willing to base their training prescriptions on data obtained from semiprofessional or amateur football players. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to analyze the reliability and effectiveness of two adductor injury active prevention programs using the adductor/abductor ratio and deficit between legs, on the basis of adduction-abduction power output during the exercises proposed, in professional football players. Forty-eight professional football players undertook complementary strength training for the adductor and abductor muscles in their dominant and non-dominant legs, once or twice a week throughout the playing season. Read More

Phys Ther Sport 2020 Nov 9;46:7-13. Epub 2020 Aug 9.

Malaga Football Club Medical Services, Malaga, Spain; Department of Physical Therapy, University of Malaga, Faculty of Health Sciences, Malaga, Spain. Electronic address:

Objective: This case report illustrates an unusual cause of hip adductor muscle injury due to overenthusiastic self-treatment of the previously overloaded adductor muscles. Also, post-injury therapeutic objectives and intervention to facilitate rapid participation in sports after the described process are provided.

Case Description: A 27-year old male, professional soccer player presented with hip adductors pain and impairment due to electromechanical self-treatment of the affected area. Read More

J Nippon Med Sch 2021 May 1;88(2):149-153. Epub 2020 Aug 1.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital.

Thumb opposition is an essential movement for daily use of the hand, including precise pinching/grasping and fine and complicated hand movement. Although studies have reported use of several donor tendons for opponensplasty, opponensplasty using the palmaris longus (i.e. Read More

J Sports Sci 2020 Dec 21;38(23):2661-2669. Epub 2020 Jul 21.

Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopedics, German Sport University Cologne , Cologne, Germany.

Adolescent athletes experience an increase in injury incidence when they undergo peak height velocity (PHV). To find the reason behind this increase, the present study investigated if PHV influences hip joint kinematics, kinetics and adductor muscle forces in two groups of adolescent soccer players performing 90-cutting manoeuvres and inside passing. One group was estimated to be more than half a year before PHV (PRE, N = 12). Read More

Am J Sports Med 2020 07 2;48(9):2287-2294. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Bellin Health Titletown Sports Medicine and Orthopedics, Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA.

Background: Lower extremity injuries are the most common injuries in professional sports and carry a high burden to players and teams in the National Football League (NFL). Injury prevention strategies can be refined by a foundational understanding of the occurrence and effect of these injuries on NFL players.

Purpose: To determine the incidence of specific lower extremity injuries sustained by NFL players across 4 NFL seasons. Read More

Proc Biol Sci 2020 05 20;287(1927):20200428. Epub 2020 May 20.

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA.

Tendon springs often influence locomotion by amplifying the speed and power of limb joint rotation. However, less is known about elastic recoil action in feeding systems, particularly for small aquatic animals. Here, we ask if elastic recoil amplifies the speed of gape closing during aquatic food processing in the Axolotl (). Read More

J Voice 2021 Nov 29;35(6):933.e7-933.e21. Epub 2020 Mar 29.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Objectives: Uniform evaluation of treatment effect on the quality of voice in adductor spasmodic dysphonia (AdSD) is challenging due to the broad variety of available outcome measurement instruments (OMIs). The European Laryngological Society categorized five types of measurement domains for voice quality evaluations: patient-reported outcome measures, perceptual analyses, acoustic analyses, visual analyses, and aerodynamic measurements. The aim of this study was to propose a core outcome set (COS) for these domains, enabling systematic assessments of treatment effects on the quality of voice in patients with AdSD. Read More

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020 05;146(5):401-407

Research Group on Ventilatory Handicap (EA 3830 GRHV), The Rouen Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, Normandy, France.

Importance: Bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP) in pediatric patients is a challenging entity with multiple causes. Traditional approaches to managing BVFP include tracheostomy, arytenoidectomy, suture lateralization, cordotomy, and posterior cricoid enlargement. These interventions are used to create a stable airway but risk compromising voice quality. Read More

Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020 11 25;303(11):2878-2903. Epub 2020 Mar 25.

Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, Ringgold Standard Institution, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

Cranial form is closely allied to diet and feeding behavior in the Canidae, with the force and velocity of jaw-closing depending on the bony morphology of the skull and mandible, and the mass, architecture, and siting of the jaw adductor muscles. Previously, little has been reported on the details of the form and function of canid jaw adductor muscles, with earlier studies basing functional hypotheses on data derived from dry skull specimens. Here we use empirically derived muscle data from fresh-frozen specimens to explore the architecture of the muscles, and to inform finite element analyses models that predict bite force and strain energy in 12 species of wild canid. Read More

Int J Sports Phys Ther 2020 Feb;15(1):22-33

Division of Research and Innovation, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Background: Strains of the adductor muscle group of the hip are common amongst ice hockey players. The ratio of isometric strengths between the hip adductors and abductors has been offered as a risk factor for hip adductor strain; however, there is no description for how the ratio between hip adductor and abductor strength varies as a function of hip abduction angle.

Hypothesis/purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of hip joint abduction angle on measured ratios of hip adduction to abduction torque in experienced, recreational, male hockey players. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2020 Jan 29;8(1):2325967119897247. Epub 2020 Jan 29.

Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.

Background: Despite being one of the most common sports injuries, there are no criteria-based rehabilitation programs published for acute adductor injuries.

Purpose: To evaluate return-to-sport (RTS) outcomes and reinjuries after criteria-based rehabilitation for athletes with acute adductor injuries.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2020 Jan 27;8(1):2325967119896104. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Background: Chronic strain and/or tendinopathy of the adductor longus tendon can be a cause of long-standing groin pain in the elite athlete, resulting in significant time lost from competition. Accurate diagnosis and treatment can expedite return to play.

Purpose/hypothesis: To evaluate return to sport and performance in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I football players and National Football League (NFL) players following adductor longus release with or without sports hernia repair. Read More

J Can Chiropr Assoc 2019 Dec;63(3):197-204

Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College.

Background: Adductor strains are the most commonly reported muscle injuries in adolescent soccer players and the second most common muscle injuries in adult players. Health practitioners should be aware of possible differential diagnoses, such as a pubic stress fracture or pubic apophysitis when athletes present with chronic groin pain.

Purpose: To present a rare case of a unilateral pelvic stress fracture of a 16-year old elite soccer player with a history of Crohn's disease. Read More

Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020 06;52(6):1330-1337

Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, GERMANY.

Purpose: The sudden rise in the injury incidence during adolescence is also evident in soccer-related injuries to the groin. Submaximal passing applies high stress on the adductor muscles and pubic symphysis and is therefore likely to be connected to the occurrence of groin injuries. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to compare hip joint kinematics and adductor muscle forces of different adolescent age groups during submaximal soccer passing. Read More