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Acta Vet Scand 2020 May 29;62(1):25. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 57, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 May 27;62(1):24. Epub 2020 May 27.

Finnish Food Authority (FINPAR), Oulu, Finland.

Sami reindeer herders have considerable traditional knowledge about a neurological reindeer disease resembling elaphostrongylosis, but the causative agent was not identified prior to the description of the brainworm Elaphostrongylus rangiferi in Russia in 1958. Elaphostrongylosis was quickly recognised as a serious cause of reindeer morbidity and mortality. The ecology, epidemiology and pathophysiology of the disease were studied in Sweden and Norway during the 1960s and in particular the 1970s to 1990s. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 May 26;62(1):23. Epub 2020 May 26.

Department of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Ilheus, Bahia, 45662-900, Brazil.

Background: The tear film is a trilaminar fluid composed mainly of lipids, electrolytes, proteins and water. It is responsible for lubrication, nutrition and protection against microbial and toxic agents. Disruption of any these components may weaken the ocular surface, making it more susceptible to disease. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 May 26;62(1):22. Epub 2020 May 26.

Animalia, Norwegian Meat and Poultry Research Centre, Lørenveien 38, 0585, Oslo, Norway.

Background: Male piglets are surgically castrated at a young age primarily to prevent pork meat from being tainted with boar taint, an offensive taste and odor that can be present in uncastrated male pigs. The practice of surgical castration is considered to be both stressful and painful for the piglets, and is therefore under scrutiny due to animal welfare concerns. Rearing of intact males or vaccination against boar taint (immunocastration) are two potential alternatives to surgical castration, but in order to successfully implement either of these alternatives, consumer acceptance of the different methods must be taken into consideration as it will be central for future sales of pork products. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 May 23;62(1):21. Epub 2020 May 23.

Fersens väg 14B, 211 42, Malmö, Sweden.

Background: The role of saliva composition and dietary sugar in development of infundibular caries in equine cheek teeth is not fully understood. This study analysed electrolyte and urea concentrations in saliva in relation to different forage and measured pH changes after sucrose application in vivo in sound and carious cheek teeth.

Results: Forage type had no effect on the equine saliva electrolyte concentrations, which varied considerably both intra- and inter-individually. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 May 20;62(1):20. Epub 2020 May 20.

Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) remains one of the most economically important infectious diseases of production animals. Six (out of 7 that have been identified) different serotypes of the FMD virus continue to circulate in different parts of the world. Within each serotype there is also extensive diversity as the virus constantly changes. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 May 12;62(1):19. Epub 2020 May 12.

Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 57, Viikintie 49, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.

Background: English bulldogs are known to be prone to skeletal problems, but knowledge is lacking of the effect of these problems on locomotion and function. This study was undertaken to report the conformational, orthopaedic and radiographic findings in a cohort of English bulldogs in Finland and to evaluate how these findings affect weight bearing and locomotion of the dogs. Twenty-eight English bulldogs were prospectively recruited to this cross-sectional study. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Apr 25;62(1):18. Epub 2020 Apr 25.

AniCura, Vendevägen 89, 182 32, Danderyd, Sweden.

Sweden has a long tradition of monitoring occurrence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in both animals and humans, but there currently is no organised and harmonized monitoring on carriage of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase (pAmpC), or methicillin-resistant coagulase positive staphylococci e.g. methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) in dogs. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Apr 22;62(1):17. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Institute of Animal Nutrition, Nutrition Diseases and Dietetics, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 9, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.

Background: Human obesity is linked with systemic inflammation. However, it is still controversial if equines produce more inflammatory cytokines with increasing body weight and if the production of those show breed type specific patterns. The main objective of this study was to determine if diet induced obesity is associated with increased inflammatory signatures in adipose tissue of equines and if a breed predisposition exists between ponies and horses. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Mar 12;62(1):13. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Experimental Hematology UCM-Research Group, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have generated a great amount of interest over the past decade as a novel therapeutic treatment for a variety of diseases. Emerging studies have indicated that MSCs could enhance the repair of injured skin in canine cutaneous wounds.

Case Presentation: A healthy 2 years old Bodeguero Andaluz dog was presented with multiple skin bite wounds. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Mar 12;62(1):14. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454, Oslo, Norway.

Background: General anaesthesia in pigs maintained with intravenous drugs such as propofol may cause respiratory depression. Alfaxalone gives less respiratory depression than propofol in some species. The aim of the investigation was to compare respiratory effects of propofol-ketamine-dexmedetomidine and alfaxalone-ketamine-dexmedetomidine in pigs. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Mar 12;62(1):15. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Science, 51014, Tartu, Estonia.

Background: On-farm mortality (unassisted death and euthanasia) is the unwanted loss of animals, and it comes with negative economic consequences. On-farm mortality rates reflect a herd's animal welfare status. The objective of this historical longitudinal single cohort study was to identify the associations between herd characteristics, animal housing conditions and management routines and within-herd calf and cow mortality rates in participating Estonian dairy herds. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Mar 12;62(1):16. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

SpermVital AS, Holsetgata 22, 2317, Hamar, Norway.

Background: Oestrous synchronisation of cattle has been widely applied to accomplish simultaneous ovulation in animals and facilitate timed artificial insemination. The main aim of this study was to investigate the ovarian follicular growth and ovulatory response to oestrus and ovulation synchronisation in Norwegian Red heifers and cows. Oestrous cycles in 34 heifers and 10 cows from 4 herds were synchronised with two PGF analogue treatments 11 days apart, followed by GnRH analogue treatment for induction of ovulation. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Mar 4;62(1):12. Epub 2020 Mar 4.

Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany.

Background: Ovine laryngeal chondritis is a rare entity of sheep in the USA, Great Britain, New Zealand and Iceland, but has not been reported in Germany so far. Here, two German cases are reported.

Case Presentation: Two rams showed severe and progressive signs of dyspnea. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Feb 22;62(1):11. Epub 2020 Feb 22.

Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, PO Box 12211, Giza, Egypt.

Background: Encephalitozoon cuniculi is an important microsporidian parasite with zoonotic potential. The present study highlights the impact of encephalitozoonosis on rabbit health in Egypt. Three rabbit farms in Giza, with a total of 16,400 rabbits were investigated due to occurrence of rabbits displaying clinical signs consistent with encephalitozoonosis. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 02 19;62(1):10. Epub 2020 Feb 19.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7054, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.

After publication of our article [1] we were notified that due to an error in the excel formula used to summarise the control population, the ID-registry data from the Swedish county Gävleborg was not included in the calculations. When including Gävleborg, as intended, the numbers in the adjusted Swedish control population change slightly. It does not influence the Norwegian control population. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Feb 5;62(1). Epub 2020 Feb 5.

Department of Natural and Cultural Heritage, Animal Ecology and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 29 Listopada av. 46, 31-425, Kraków, Poland.

The study aimed to compare the gastrointestinal helminthofauna of free-ranging wild boars from arable lands and forests, which are the natural habitats for wild boar in Poland and further to investigate if wild boars living in agricultural environments could acquire helminths commonly detected in domestic pigs. In 2011-2014, a total of 57 wild boars were examined post-mortem for the presence of gastrointestinal nematodes. Altogether, all but two of the animals were infected, and seven nematode species were found. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Feb 1;62(1). Epub 2020 Feb 1.

Department of Soft Tissue Surgery, Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Highlands Road, Shirley, Solihull, West-Midlands, B90 4NH, UK.

Background: Lymphatic vascular malformations are rare findings in canine patients with six reports available in veterinary literature. Retroperitoneal cystic lymphatic malformations have not been described previously in canine patients and neither has the use of immunohistochemistry to determine their origin, i.e. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Jan 29;62(1). Epub 2020 Jan 29.

SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals in East and Southern Africa (SACIDS-ACE), SACIDS Foundation for One Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3297, Morogoro, Tanzania.

Peste des petits ruminants virus causes a highly contagious disease, which poses enormous economic losses in domestic animals and threatens the conservation of wild herbivores. Diagnosis remains a cornerstone to the Peste des petits ruminants Global Control and Eradication Strategy, an initiative of the World Organisation for Animal Health and the Food and Agriculture Organisation. The present review presents the peste des petits ruminants diagnostic landscape, including the practicality of commercially available diagnostic tools, prototype tests and opportunities for new technologies. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Jan 23;62(1). Epub 2020 Jan 23.

Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini", Via Bianchi 9, 25124, Brescia, Italy.

Background: Antimicrobial resistant bacteria are emerging biological contaminants of the environment. In aquatic ecosystems, they originate mainly from hospitals, livestock manure and private households sewage water, which could contain antimicrobial agents and resistant microorganisms. Aeromonas spp. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Jan 22;62(1). Epub 2020 Jan 22.

Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstr. 109a, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.

Background: Otocephaly is a rare lethal malformation of the first branchial arch. While the knowledge on the causes of otocephaly in animals is limited, different syndromic forms in man are associated with variants of the PRRX1 and OTX2 genes.

Case Presentation: A stillborn male lamb of the Istrian Pramenka sheep breed showed several congenital craniofacial anomalies including microstomia, agnathia, aglossia, and synotia. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Jan 13;62(1). Epub 2020 Jan 13.

Department of Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Background: Type-5 abomasal ulcer (U5) is a perforated ulcer that causes peritonitis limited to the omental bursa. This retrospective study describes the clinical and laboratory findings in 14 cattle with omental bursitis due to U5. The medical records of 14 cows aged 2. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Jan 9;62(1). Epub 2020 Jan 9.

Department of Companion Animal Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.

Background: Reptiles are known to be asymptomatic carriers of Salmonella spp. in their gastrointestinal mucosa and a variety of Salmonella serovars including exotic serovars mainly associated with reptiles as well as human pathogenic serovars have been isolated. There are many case reports of reptile-associated Salmonella infections worldwide, including one case in Norway in 2000. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Jan 6;62(1). Epub 2020 Jan 6.

Platform for AI and ET, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.

Background: The ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters participate in the cholesterol and phospholipid transport within and through cell membranes of many cells including spermatozoa. Cholesterol efflux is important for capacitation of spermatozoa. ABCA1 expression has been assessed in canine spermatozoa previously but its role in capacitation still has to be determined. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2020 Jan 3;62(1). Epub 2020 Jan 3.

National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.

Background: Abortion is a major source of economic losses in cattle breeding. Abortion occurs due to a wide range of causes, but infections are the most frequently diagnosed. However, establishing an aetiological diagnosis remains challenging due to the large variety of bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and fungi that have been associated with abortion in cattle. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Dec 26;61(1):63. Epub 2019 Dec 26.

Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

Background: The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the accuracy of different body weight formulas for estimating body weight of Icelandic and Warmblood horses, as well as to assess the associations between the variables cresty neck score, body condition score, and plasma concentrations of leptin, insulin and cortisol. A total of 81 adult (≥ 4 years of age) horses (43 Icelandic and 38 Warmblood horses) was included in this study. The following morphological measurements were collected by two examiners simultaneously; body weight; height at withers; neck length; 0. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Dec 10;61(1):62. Epub 2019 Dec 10.

Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 9, 30559, Hannover, Germany.

Background: The use of cadavers for radiology research methodologies involving subjective image quality evaluation of anatomical criteria is well-documented. The purpose of this method comparison study was to evaluate the image quality of dental and adjacent structures in computed tomography (CT) and high-field (3 T) magnetic resonance (MR) images in cadaveric heads, based on an objective four-point rating scale. Whilst CT is a well-established technique, MR imaging (MRI) is rarely used for equine dental diagnostics. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Dec 10;61(1):61. Epub 2019 Dec 10.

Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 2, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

Previous studies have indicated that high piglet blood hemoglobin concentration (HbC) at birth lead to better performance later in life. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the association between sow and piglet blood HbC at farrowing. A secondary objective was to investigate the relationship between sow HbC and probability of stillbirths. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Dec 9;61(1):60. Epub 2019 Dec 9.

Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 2, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

Background: Anemia characterized by low hemoglobin concentration (HbC) is common in indoor housed pregnant sows. Iron is essential for hemoglobin synthesis and a number of metabolic processes including DNA synthesis and regulation of enzyme systems. In sows, anemia has been linked to lower HbC in piglets and increased occurrence of stillbirths. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Dec 5;61(1):59. Epub 2019 Dec 5.

Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PB 8146 Dep, 0033, Oslo, Norway.

Background: There is an increased interest in using digital refractometers to indirectly assess colostrum quality of dairy cattle, but knowledge on diagnostic accuracy for Norwegian Red dairy cows is lacking. Recent research has indicated a profound variability in the colostrum quality among dairy cows and herds in Norway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic test sensitivity and specificity of a digital refractometer (Brix refractometer) at different cut-offs in Brix% for detection of colostrum of high quality (> 50 g/L) defined by the gold standard single radial immunodiffusion (IgG g/L). Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Dec 3;61(1):57. Epub 2019 Dec 3.

Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

Non-infectious inflammatory (NII) central nervous system (CNS) conditions are primarily diagnosed by the demonstration of inflammatory changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, less-invasive methods and peripheral biomarkers are desired. Changes in circulating microRNA (miRNA), which are short non-coding regulatory RNAs, may serve as biomarkers of disease. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Dec 3;61(1):58. Epub 2019 Dec 3.

Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE), Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432, Ås, Norway.

Finding effective predictors of traits related to boar fertility is essential for increasing the efficiency of artificial insemination systems in pig breeding. The objective of this study was to find associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within candidate genes and fertility in the breeds Landrace and Duroc. Animals with breeding values for total number of piglets born, were re-sequenced for exonic regions of 14 candidate genes related to male and female fertility using samples from 16 Landrace boars and 16 Duroc boars (four with high and four with low breeding value of total number of piglets born for each breed for male fertility, and the same for female fertility) to detect genetic variants. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Nov 21;61(1):56. Epub 2019 Nov 21.

National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 202, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.

Background: The quality of mink feed and raw ingredients affect health and growth. The objectives of this study were to examine the microbiological quality of ready-to-eat mink feed and its raw ingredients, screen the plant part of the feed for mycotoxins, and determine the hygiene of the production environment in the feed processing facilities. The results of the study are important for identification of critical steps in the feed production and for formulation of recommendations for improvements of production processes to obtain better quality feed. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Nov 14;61(1):53. Epub 2019 Nov 14.

Department of Chemistry, Environment & Feed Hygiene, National Veterinary Institute, Ulls väg 2B, 75189, Uppsala, Sweden.

Background: General knowledge on climate change effects and adaptation strategies has increased significantly in recent years. However, there is still a substantial information gap regarding the influence of climate change on infectious diseases and how these diseases should be identified. From a One Health perspective, zoonotic infections are of particular concern. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Nov 14;61(1):54. Epub 2019 Nov 14.

Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, PO Box 57, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.

Background: Infection with Serratia spp. have been associated with mastitis outbreaks in dairy cattle herds. Environmental contamination or a point source, like a teat dip product, have often been observed to be potential sources of such outbreaks. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Nov 14;61(1):55. Epub 2019 Nov 14.

Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran.

Background: The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is the best-characterized genetic region related to resistance/susceptibility to a wide range of infectious and immune-mediated diseases. Evidences suggest that MHC class II genes may play an important role in developing different types of tumors including breast cancer. Canine mammary gland tumors (CMTs) are the most common neoplasms in female dogs. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Nov 4;61(1):52. Epub 2019 Nov 4.

Clinic for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Andrology of Large and Small Animals, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.

Surgery of obstructive urolithiasis in small ruminants is often unsatisfactory due to postoperative development of strictures. The present study aimed to establish an endoscopic technique for the placement of a transurethral urinary catheter into the bladder of rams. This catheter was used as a removable stent-like drainage. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Oct 31;61(1):51. Epub 2019 Oct 31.

IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Mediterranee Infection, Aix-Marseille Univ, 19-21 bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.

Background: We investigate here the presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from stool samples of yellow-legged gulls and chickens (n = 136) in urban parks and beaches of Marseille, France. Bacterial isolation was performed on selective media, including MacConkey agar with ceftriaxone and LBJMR medium. Antibiotic resistance genes, including extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) (i. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Oct 24;61(1):50. Epub 2019 Oct 24.

Laboratory of Wildlife Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Gobongro 79, Iksan, 54596, Republic of Korea.

Biofilm production is a well-known causative factor of catheter- and medical device-related sepsis. Its high prevalence in coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) has recently been reported. Information on biofilm production in CoNS isolated from wild animals is lacking. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Oct 21;61(1):49. Epub 2019 Oct 21.

Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 8, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

Background: The modern dairy industry routinely generates data on production and disease. Therefore, the use of these cheap and at times even "free" data to predict a given state of welfare in a cost-effective manner is evaluated in the present study. Such register data could potentially be used in the identification of herds at risk of having animal welfare problems. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Oct 16;61(1):48. Epub 2019 Oct 16.

Section for Parasitology and Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 15, 1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is found worldwide, and consumption of undercooked meat is considered a significant risk factor for human infections. In Denmark, little is known about the distribution of T. gondii, but a recent study revealed a seroprevalence of 34% in Danish indoor sows. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Oct 11;61(1):47. Epub 2019 Oct 11.

Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada.

Background: Among the most prominent health problems marring the global poultry industry for several decades are skeletal abnormalities. The aim of this study was to investigate a recent emergence of a novel form of skeletal deformity affecting cervical spine in broiler chickens. This work presents the natural history of this newly emerging skeletal anomaly along with long term observations of epidemiological trends in commercial broiler flocks, and clinical and pathological features. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Oct 4;61(1):46. Epub 2019 Oct 4.

Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Veterinaria 1, 80137, Naples, Italy.

Urocortins (Ucns), peptides belonging to the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) family, are classified into Ucn1, Ucn2, and Ucn3. They are involved in regulating several body functions by binding to two G protein-coupled receptors: receptor type 1 (CRHR1) and type 2 (CRHR2). In this review, we provide a historical overview of research on Ucns and their receptors in the mammalian endocrine system. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Oct 3;61(1):45. Epub 2019 Oct 3.

Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 114 18, Stockholm, Sweden.

Feline hyperthyroidism is a rather new disease, first reported from the North American east coast in 1979. The prevalence is increasing, especially in older cats, and hyperthyroidism is now reported worldwide as the most common feline endocrinopathy. Several studies have been performed trying to identify important etiological factors such as exposure to persistent organic pollutants, and especially brominated flame retardants, have been suggested to be of importance for the development of the disease. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Oct 2;61(1):44. Epub 2019 Oct 2.

School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineer, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.

Background: Cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture is one of the most common causes of limb lameness in dogs. Surgical techniques based on tibial osteotomies such as tibial plateau leveling osteotomy and tibial tuberosity advancement are used to eliminate dynamic thrust. Tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) uses an osteotomy fixated by cage, plates, forks and screws to change the relationship of the patellar tendon and tibial plateau angle. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Sep 24;61(1):43. Epub 2019 Sep 24.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.

Background: Inguinal pain, unexplained hind limb lameness, back pain or behavioural problems in geldings could be attributable to painful neuromas that develop as a consequence of crushing and severing the testicular nerves during castration. The presence of neuroma in this anatomical location has never been reported, hence the knowledge of possible clinical relevance is limited. The aim of this study was to histologically investigate the testicular nerves at the castration site in geldings for the presence of neuromas. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Sep 9;61(1):42. Epub 2019 Sep 9.

Vet Epi, Abbey Farm Cottage, Ixworth, Suffolk, IP31 2JP, UK.

Background: Overweight and obesity have been adversely associated with longevity in dogs but there is scarce knowledge on the relation between body composition and lifespan. We aimed to investigate the effects of body composition, and within-dog changes over time, on survival in adult Labradors using a prospective cohort study design. The dogs had a median age of 6. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Aug 27;61(1):41. Epub 2019 Aug 27.

Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.

Background: Villegas-Glisson/University of Georgia (VG/GA) strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is recommended for the initial vaccination of commercially reared turkey poults. However, the vaccine-induced antibody responses have not been studied in this species. The level of systemic humoral immune responses against the NDV was investigated in commercial turkey poults vaccinated with the VG/GA vaccine. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Aug 20;61(1):40. Epub 2019 Aug 20.

Institute for General Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, Haus 102, 30173, Hannover, Germany.

Background: Technical failures and incorrect usage of digital X-ray systems may lead to a decreasing image quality, artefacts and a higher dose exposure of staff and patients. Although there are no regulations regarding constancy testing in veterinary radiology all operators are required to avoid unnecessary exposure. The aim of this study was to develop a reasonably inexpensive zoomorphic 3D-printed test specimen for constancy testing that allows the detection of changing image quality by visual analysis. Read More

Acta Vet Scand 2019 Aug 14;61(1):39. Epub 2019 Aug 14.

Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Congenital portosystemic shunts in foals are rare and only a small number of cases have been described. Detailed description of the course of the shunt is lacking in earlier reports. This is the first detailed description of a computed tomography angiography (CTA) displaying an extra-hepatic splenocaval shunt. Read More