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Acta Radiol 2019 Apr 18:284185119840764. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

1 Department of Radiology, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Sabadell, Spain.

Background: The existence of contrast-induced nephropathy is widely accepted. Recent studies suggest its incidence has been overestimated.

Purpose: To determine the effect of intravenous iodinated contrast agents on renal function in patients with chronic renal failure without acute disease that can interfere with the assessment of renal function. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Apr 18:284185119840647. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

1 Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

Background: Xenon (Xe)-enhanced area-detector computed tomography (ADCT) can visualize regional distribution of Xe within the lungs and demonstrate regional ventilation differences in smokers and patients with pulmonary diseases.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capability of wash-in and wash-out (WI/WO) phase Xe-enhanced ADCT for detecting regional ventilation differences based on underlying lung conditions, pulmonary functional loss evaluation, and clinical stage prediction for smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Material And Methods: The pulmonary function test as well as inspiratory/expiratory unenhanced and WI/WO phase Xe-enhanced ADCT were prospectively administered to a group of 40 smokers consisting of 25 men (mean age ± standard deviation [SD] = 65. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Apr 3:284185119840230. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

1 Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.

Background: It is difficult to distinguish atypical cancerous nodule from cirrhosis nodule.

Purpose: To investigate the value of spectral computed tomography (CT) imaging parameters in differentiating hepatic cancerous nodules from cirrhosis nodules.

Material And Methods: Forty-six patients with hepatic nodules underwent contrast-enhanced CT scans in spectral mode. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Apr 1:284185119840219. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

1 Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Hepatic fibrosis is a dynamic, reversible process which can result in liver failure. Diagnosis and monitoring of hepatic fibrosis are clinically important.

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic performance of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), and monoexponential diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to detect clinically significant fibrosis (≥ F2). Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 28:284185119840227. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

1 Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.

Background: Little is known about the specificity of manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) and its neurotoxic effect of the whole visual pathway.

Purpose: To explore the specificity of MEMRI and the neurotoxic effect in the whole visual pathway.

Material And Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups, in which 50, 100, 200, and 400 nmol MnCl were injected into the left eye of each rat through intravitreal injection, respectively. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 26:284185119840212. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

1 Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, PR China.

Background: The accurate estimation of the Ki-67 index of well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET) not only guides curative management but also avoids unnecessary treatment.

Purpose: To investigate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features could preoperatively discriminate the Ki-67 index of well-differentiated G1/G2 PanNETs and to construct an individualized predictive model through developing a MRI-based nomogram.

Material And Methods: Ninety-nine patients with G1/G2 PanNETs were divided into Ki-67 index <5% (n = 58) and Ki-67 index ≥5% groups (n = 41). Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 25:284185119839166. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels-Akita, Akita, Japan.

Background: A focal brain lesion influences the function and morphology in the connected intact regions remote from it. However, it is not well documented that thalamic stroke may induce secondary degeneration of the mammillary body (MB) or the fornix (Fx).

Purpose: To investigate transneuronal degeneration (TND) in the MB and Fx following thalamic stroke on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to assess the time course of these findings using serial MRI after stroke. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 24:284185119833060. Epub 2019 Mar 24.

1 Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: The morphology of musculoskeletal dedifferentiated liposarcoma was previously reported as well-defined non-lipomatous masses juxtaposed with fatty tumors.

Purpose: To establish a new spectrum of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for dedifferentiated liposarcoma according to the quantity and distribution of the non-fatty component in the tumor.

Material And Methods: This study consisted of a retrospective review of MRI of 14 patients with a total of 18 histopathologically proven dedifferentiated liposarcoma lesions in the musculoskeletal area. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 21:284185119838173. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

1 Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.

Background: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is an established treatment of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) stenosis. Drug-coated balloons (DCB) are coated with an antiproliferative drug intended to decrease neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis.

Purpose: To investigate the patency after treatment of restenosis in radiocephalic AVFs with PTA versus DCB. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 21:284185119836232. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), a complication of acute pulmonary embolism, is a potentially curable form of pulmonary hypertension (PH). CTEPH is under-diagnosed for a number of reasons leading to delayed referral or missed diagnosis; however, the frequency of misdiagnosis of CTEPH findings on computed tomography (CT) is currently unknown.

Purpose: To evaluate the extent of misdiagnosis of CTEPH on CT. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 21:284185119837931. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

1 Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.

Background: Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) can be a challenging intervention due to variations of the vascular anatomy.

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of C-arm cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for BAE in patients with hemoptysis and indefinite bronchial artery (BA) anatomy on pre-interventional CT imaging.

Material And Methods: From November 2016 to July 2017, 17 patients (mean age = 64. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 21:284185119837932. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

2 Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.

Background: The diagnostic efficacy of mono- and bi-exponential diffusion models are controversial in prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness evaluation. Whole-tumor histogram analysis may have the potential to improve their efficacy.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of mono- and bi-exponential diffusion models for evaluating PCa aggressiveness using whole-tumor histogram analysis. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 21:284185119834689. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) is a rare subtype of breast cancer and is presumed to have a poorer survival outcome than invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). However, studies for clinical outcomes including imaging features are still scarce.

Purpose: To investigate differences in clinical outcomes between IMPC and IDC and to determine prognostic factors indicating survival, including imaging features. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 12:284185119836220. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

1 Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.

Background: Flat detector computed tomography angiography (FDCTA) can be reconstructed from volume perfusion flat detector computed tomography (VP-FDCT). Thus, CTA equivalent stroke imaging might be feasible within the angio suite.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FDCTA in detecting large vessel occlusion (LVO) and collateral supply in acute stroke patients. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 7:284185119836215. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

2 Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.

Background: Author self-citation can affect quantitative aspects of scientific research. However, little is known about its prevalence in radiology literature.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and factors associated with author self-citation in musculoskeletal radiology. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 7:284185119834687. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

1 Department of Radiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

Background: Distal radius fracture characterization and treatment are mainly based on radiographic measurements but with contradictory findings on the correlation of those measurements to clinical outcome. Before applying radiographic measurement to the treatment decision and before correlating the measurements to clinical outcome, an accuracy of measurements must be established.

Purpose: To summarize existing evidence on accuracy of the radiographic measurements of: (i) dorsal/volar tilt of the distal radius; (ii) radial shortening; (iii) ulnar variance; (iv) radial inclination; and (v) articular step-off of the distal radius. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 7:284185119834686. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Radiology, Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, UK.

Background: Prostate artery embolization (PAE) is safe and effective at improving lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of PAE on allowing successful voiding in patients with obstructive BPH (>90 cc) necessitating a urethral catheter for complete urinary retention.

Material And Methods: Ten consecutive patients with urethral catheters for obstructing BPH were included in the prospective study. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Mar 6:284185119831692. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

4 Department of Radiation Oncology, Charité - University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.

Background: Brain metastases (BM) are the most frequent intracranial malignant tumor. Various prognostic factors facilitate the prediction of survival; however, few have become tools for clinical use.

Purpose: To investigate the role of three-dimensional (3D) quantitative tissue enhancement in pre-treatment cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a radiomic biomarker for survival (OS) in patients with singular BM treated with stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT). Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 28:284185119831688. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Background: We have little knowledge of reference values for acetabular angles.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report values and variation for the center-edge (CE), the acetabular-index (AI), the anterior-sector (AASA), the posterior-sector (PASA), and the acetabular-anteversion angle (AcAV) and to investigate gender differences.

Material And Methods: Retrospectively, we recruited 96 individuals, 52 women (mean age = 63 ± 12 years) who had undergone computed tomography (CT) as part of examination for lymphomas in 2013 at Aarhus University Hospital. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 28:284185119825487. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.

Background: The combined prognostic value of texture analysis on computed tomography (CT) and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OOSCC) has rarely been reported.

Purpose: To evaluate the ability of texture-based heterogeneity indices extracted from CT and conventional MRI to predict the overall survival (OS) of OOSCC patients.

Material And Methods: Eighty-eight patients with OOSCC underwent contrast-enhanced CT, and T2-weighted (T2W) and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (T1W) imaging. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 28:284185119831690. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Radiology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) virtual non-calcium (VNCa) imaging can demonstrate bone marrow edema.

Purpose: To evaluate the added value of DECT VNCa imaging for detection of non-displaced fractures on hip CT and to determine the attenuation value cut-off to identify bone marrow edema around fractures.

Material And Methods: We identified 35 patients who underwent DECT due to suspicion of a non-displaced fracture of the proximal femur or pelvic bone. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 28:284185119826536. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

1 Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.

Background: Differentiating histological invasiveness of lung adenocarcinoma that manifest as pure ground-glass nodules (pGGNs) is challenging.

Purpose: To investigate the value of computerized texture analysis for predicting histological invasiveness of pulmonary adenocarcinoma that manifest as pGGNs.

Material And Methods: The study consisted of 138 patients with 142 pathologically confirmed lung adenocarcinomas who had undergone computed tomography (CT) imaging. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 27:284185119831685. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

2 Department of Medical Imaging and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University.

Background: Diagnostic radiology X-ray imaging modalities include general projection radiography, fluoroscopy, mammography and computed tomography (CT) scanning. Medical radiology requires quality images that allow accurate diagnosis of medical conditions. Consistent image quality is enabled using suitable phantoms. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 24:284185119830292. Epub 2019 Feb 24.

2 Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China.

Background: Computed tomography texture analysis (CTTA) has gained an increasing role in oncology and has successfully demonstrated to reflect biological associations with glucose metabolism, hypoxia, angiogenesis, and even genetic variation.

Purpose: To determine whether quantitative CTTA can be used to differentiate metastases from benign adrenal masses on single energy CT images.

Material And Methods: A total of 225 patients with 265 histologically confirmed adrenal masses (101 metastases, 98 pheochromocytomas, and 66 lipid-poor adenomas) were included in this retrospective study. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 24:284185119830289. Epub 2019 Feb 24.

3 Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Section on Experimental Radiology, University of Tuebingen, Germany.

Background: Coronary artery magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA) is a robust tool for delineation of the coronary artery anatomy. In order to overcome the issue of visual delineation of the quietest heart phase, we implemented a new three-dimensional (3D) multi-phase whole-heart CMRA.

Purpose: To evaluate the 3D multi-phase whole-heart CMRA technique for depiction of the coronary arteries and simultaneous assessment of cardiac function. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 24:284185119830282. Epub 2019 Feb 24.

1 Department of Radiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Jiangmen, PR China.

Background: Morphological findings showed poor accuracy in differentiating angiomyolipoma without visible fat (AMLwvf) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Purpose: To determine the performance of a machine learning classifier in differentiating AMLwvf from different subtypes of RCC based on whole-tumor slices of CT images.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective study, 171 pathologically proven renal masses were collected from a single institution. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 19:284185119830288. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

1 HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with cardiac pacing devices has become available despite previously being considered absolutely contraindicated. However, most institutional safety protocols have included several limitations on patient selection, leaving MRI unavailable for many patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the first 1000 MRI examinations conducted on patients with cardiac pacing devices at Helsinki University Hospital for any potential safety hazards and also to evaluate the long-term functionality of the safety protocol in "real-life" clinical practice. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 18:284185119830280. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

3 Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a significant method of identifying ovarian tumors, when combined with certain functional imaging techniques that have been considered to be more accurate.

Purpose: Our study aims to determine the value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) combined with MRI in the diagnosis of thecomas and adult ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCTs).

Material And Methods: In total, this study included 10 patients with thecomas and nine with adult GCTs. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 18:284185119830276. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

2 Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: There is growing concern over computed tomography (CT)-related radiation exposure, particularly in patients requiring head and neck CT due to the proximity of radiosensitive organs.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of reduced-dose CT of the head and neck with iterative reconstruction in a phantom and patient study.

Material And Methods: In the phantom study, low-contrast resolution test of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine CT performance phantom was scanned to determine the lowest acceptable tube current (mAs). Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 12:284185119826541. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Sperling Prostate Center, Delray Beach, FL, USA.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common benign enlargement of the prostate.

Purpose: To assess complications, recovery, and early functional outcomes following in-bore transrectal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided focal laser ablation (FLA) for men with BPH at one year.

Material And Methods: The efficacy and safety outcomes at one year were evaluated for MRI-guided FLA of BPH. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 12:284185119828190. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

2 Surgical Department, Section of Transplant Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Background: Arterial and venous thrombosis are feared complications of pancreas transplantation (PTx). Microbubble contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a non-invasive imaging technique that can augment diagnostic capabilities of transplant organ perfusion.

Purpose: To document the state to which CEUS can improve the vascular evaluation of PTx compared to conventional Doppler ultrasound (US) directly after surgery. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 7:284185119825488. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung.

Background: Craniocervical computed tomography angiography (CCCTA) is widely used for the clinical assessment of craniocervical vessels.

Purpose: To investigate and compare the image quality and radiation doses associated with lower-dose (100 and 80 kVp) CCCTA protocols versus the conventional 120-kVp protocol.

Material And Methods: This study enrolled 120 patients and randomly divided them into three groups: group A = 120 kVp; group B = 100 kVp; and group C = 80 kVp. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 6:284185118824758. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Radiology, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Background: Breast masses will deform between different postures and modalities in the background mammary gland. However, this difference in deformation between benign and malignant masses has not been studied.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of using the change of the longitudinal-transverse ratio (L/T) of a breast mass from supine ultrasonography (US) and prone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as representing deformation in differentiating between benign and malignant masses. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 6:284185119826549. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

1 Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Background: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) may detect early signs of cardiomyopathy.

Purpose: The purpose of this CMR study was to evaluate epicardial fat volume (EFV), T1-relaxation times (T1), and left ventricular (LV) strain in non-obese (<30 kg/m) and obese (>30 kg/m) individuals with no other cardiovascular risk factor and with a normal LV ejection fraction (LVEF) to detect early changes of obesity cardiomyopathy.

Material And Methods: Seventy-five individuals (38 men) without additional cardiovascular risk factors were examined at 1. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 6:284185119826538. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

1 Radiology Department, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.

Carotid and intracranial imaging play an essential role in the comprehensive evaluation and prevention for stroke patients. High-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (HR VW-MRI) has been applied in carotid and intracranial arteries with optimal ability in displaying the features of various vascular diseases. Recent advanced MRI techniques can not only help in the differential diagnosis of vascular diseases but can also provide information on pathogenesis exploration of underlying mechanisms, follow-up monitoring, and determination of prognosis for patients with cerebral strokes. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Apr 26;60(4):407-414. Epub 2018 Jun 26.

2 Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Kupffer cells (KC) have an important role in the host defense in obstructive cholangitis. Non-invasive monitoring of phagocytic function of KC is pivotal. Several studies showed the possibility of non-invasive monitoring of phagocytic function of KC using superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (SPIO-MRI) or contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 5:284185119828202. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

1 Department of Radiology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.

Background: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a functional modality that indirectly represents the biological characteristics of cancer. However, the correlation of apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) to HPV type in patients with cervical cancer is still unknown.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between apparent diffusion coefficients calculated by DW-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) infection in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) patients. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Feb 4:284185118824770. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

4 Department of Clinical Oncology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Background: 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has been widely used for diagnosis and staging of disease recurrence in breast cancer patients.

Purpose: To determine the validity of 18F-FDG PET/CT maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of primary breast cancer (SUVmax-T) as a prognostic factor for locoregional axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM).

Material And Methods: We prospectively studied 198 female patients with pathologically proven breast cancer. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Jan 30:284185118823362. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

1 Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Background: A majority of renal tumors are incidentally detected and may therefore have been previously radiologically overlooked.

Purpose: To investigate the frequency of previously radiologically overlooked renal cell carcinoma (RCC), identify tumor characteristics and imaging factors that contribute to misdiagnoses and to investigate its consequences.

Material And Methods: All RCCs identified in a regional cancer registry over one year were retrieved (n = 87). Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Jan 25:284185118824782. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Neuroradiology, Radiology, and Neurosurgery, Southern Tohoku Research Institute for Neuroscience, Southern Tohoku General Hospital, Fukushima, Japan.

Background: Silent scan magnetic resonance angiography (silent-MRA) as an arterial spin labeling technique offering sound reduction is insensitive to saturation effect. Time-of-flight (TOF)-MRA has limitations in terms of fine or slow-flow blood vessels due to sensitive saturation effects.

Purpose: Silent-MRA was compared with TOF-MRA for visualizing cerebral arteries in patients with Moyamoya disease (MMD). Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Jan 24:284185118823343. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

1 Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China.

Background: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas (SPNs) usually showed slight enhancement in contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT), which is similar to hypovascular pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (hypo-PNETs).

Purpose: To show the values of CT imaging features in the differentiation between hypo-PNETs and SPNs.

Material And Methods: Forty-four patients with histologically confirmed SPNs and 24 patients with hypo-PNETs who underwent preoperative dynamic CE-CT were included. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Jan 24:284185118822649. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

1 Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Lab, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) has served as the first-line imaging modality but its role for detecting recurrent ovarian cancer should be revisited in the era of whole-body CT.

Purpose: To study anatomical distributions and imaging patterns of recurrent ovarian epithelial cancer through whole-body CT and their associations with serum cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) levels.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study approved by the institutional review board comprised a cohort of 497 patients with ovarian cancer. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Jan 24:284185118822639. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

1 Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Background: Detecting pathological breast calcifications remains challenging. Based on recent studies, contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) was shown to be superior compared to full-field digital mammography (FFDM).

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CESM in suspicious breast calcifications and its impact on surgical decision-making. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Jan 23:284185118823366. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

4 Department of Radiology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea.

Background: Although both 1.5-Tesla (T) and 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are widely used for the diagnosis of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), there have been no comparative studies.

Purpose: This study compared the performance of both imaging modalities for diagnosing CSM among radiologists with varying experience levels. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Jan 23:284185118823335. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

1 Division of Radiology, Department of Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.

Background: Computed diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (cDWI) is a computational technique that can be used to calculate a high b-value image from DWI acquired with at least two different lower b-values.

Purpose: To explore the utility of cDWI for the diagnosis of acute pediatric encephalitis/encephalopathy.

Material And Methods: Twenty-two children were enrolled, for whom acquired DWI (aDWI) with b = 1000 and 3000 was examined during the acute phase of febrile encephalitis/encephalopathy. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Jan 19:284185118822635. Epub 2019 Jan 19.

1 Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital affiliated to South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.

Background: Distinguishing recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC) from post-therapeutic inflammatory changes remains a challenging clinical problem.

Purpose: To qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate image quality and compare the diagnostic value of non-echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) based on turbo spin-echo (TSE) and echo-planar imaging (EPI), to distinguish rNPC from post-chemoradiation fibrosis.

Material And Methods: Twenty-seven patients with newly diagnosed rNPC and 35 with biopsy-proven post-chemoradiation fibrosis were categorized into tumor and fibrosis groups, respectively. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Jan 16:284185118822645. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

1 Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, PR China.

Background: Atherosclerotic plaque inflammation is a well-known risk factor for the development of ischemic stroke.

Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of patients with enhancing intracranial atherosclerosis and the relationship between plaque enhancement and recent cerebrovascular ischemic events by using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI).

Material And Methods: A total of 141 patients (102 men; mean age = 61. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Jan 12:284185118823346. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

4 Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR China.

Background: Acute intracranial hypertension (IH) is commonly found in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Some magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings that are suggestive of acute IH and are thus important for planning treatment and improving clinical outcomes have been reported; however, the significance of changes in ventricular size in the presence of acute CVT-related IH remains unclear.

Purpose: To investigate changes in ventricular size in patients with CVT-related IH by MRI and to determine whether such changes are predictors of IH in these patients. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Jan 12:284185118822631. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

1 Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Background: Visualizing non-dilated biliary system is important for preoperative mapping of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) donors.

Purpose: To evaluate diagnostic accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) within a breath-hold (BH) using compressed sensing (CS) acceleration in visualizing non-dilated biliary system in LDLT donors.

Material And Methods: For this prospective study, 43 donors who underwent LDLT were enrolled. Read More

Acta Radiol 2019 Jan 12:284185118822628. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Percutaneous transesophageal gastrotubing (PTEG) is an alternative means of access into the stomach when conventional transabdominal gastric access is not possible.

Purpose: To describe the early clinical experience, technical feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the hydro-dissection assisted puncture of an esophageal balloon used for PTEG.

Material And Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of six, consecutive patients with feeding problems and who were treated with hydro-dissection assisted puncture of an esophageal balloon for PTEG. Read More