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Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 9. Epub 2018 Jun 9.

Lysningen Research Center, Trekroner, Denmark.

Purpose: Acute infectious conjunctivitis is a common disease. While usually self-limiting, children often receive treatment to be accepted back into nursery, day care or school. We aimed to describe trends in the utilization of topical ocular antibiotics in young children aged 0-4 years in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 4. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Purpose: A limited number of therapies are available for patients with metastatic eyelid sebaceous carcinoma (SC). Programmed death receptor Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and its clinical significance in sebaceous cell carcinoma are presently unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the expression level of PD-L1 in SC. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 4. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.

Purpose: To evaluate the inflammation associated with the use of standard silicone oil (polydimethylsiloxane; PDMS) and heavy silicone oil (HSO) Densiron-68™ in patients undergoing vitrectomy for retinal detachment.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was performed involving 35 patients scheduled to undergo vitrectomy for retinal detachment. Patients received PDMS or Densiron-68™ HSO according to superior or inferior retinal localization of the tears, respectively. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 4. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Department of Medical Microbiology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Purpose: To compare the antifungal efficacy of corneal collagen cross-linking with photoactivated riboflavin (PACK-CXL) and voriconazole in experimental Fusarium solani and Candida albicans keratitis models.

Methods: Sixty-four corneas of 32 New Zealand rabbits were included and divided into two main groups. Intrastromal injection of Fusarium and Candida suspensions was performed, and it was observed that keratitis was formed on the third day. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 4. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Infectious diseases, RIVM, Bilthoven, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 4. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Maastricht University Medical Center, University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Purpose: Ophthalmologists increasingly depend on new drugs to advance their treatment options. These options are limited by restraints on reimbursements for new and expensive drugs. These restraints are put in place through health policy decisions based on cost-effectiveness analyses (CEA). Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 4. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Department of Ophthalmology, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt.

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 4. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: To evaluate the risk of open-angle glaucoma among patients with diabetes.

Methods: This retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study included patients with diabetes and a matched comparison group from the Korean National Health Insurance Service National Health Screening Cohort, which includes approximately 500 000 adults aged ≥40 years. Nondiabetes group was matched to diabetes group in a 1:1 ratio using a propensity score based on age, sex, comorbidities, antihypertensive medication use and medical care visits. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Purpose: Tumours of the accessory lacrimal glands (ALGs) are rare and need to be differentiated from other tumours involving the eyelids and caruncle. We report on a consecutive series of patients with ALG tumours and describe the clinical characteristics.

Methods: A retrospective case series including all patients who were operated for ALG tumours at two different centres. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

Fernandez-Vega Ophthalmology Institute, Asturias, Spain.

Purpose: To compare the supraciliary versus intrascleral implantation of the hema implant (Esnoper V-2000) in terms of the efficacy and safety in nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS).

Patients And Methods: Prospective, randomized, unmasked, competitive and multicenter clinical trial. Eighty-three eyes from 83 patients suffering from open-angle glaucoma (40 males, 43 females) were enrolled and followed up for 12 months. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.

Purpose: To study the structural changes in the choroid using swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT), a tool for the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) following epiretinal membrane removal.

Methods: Fifty-two eyes of 26 patients were evaluated in this prospective, single-centre, observational study. Twenty-six eyes underwent vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane removal (VT-group), and the control group consisted of 26 corresponding fellow eyes (F-group). Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.

Purpose: Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) occurs as a common complication after cataract surgery. Erlotinib is an inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor-Receptor and reduces critical cellular events leading to PCO. In this in vitro study, Erlotinib-modified intraocular lenses (IOLs) employed as a drug delivery device have been evaluated for PCO prevention. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

Department of Ophthalmology, Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

Associated Retinal Consultants, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA.

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

Georg-August-University Goettingen, University Eye Hospital, Goettingen, Germany.

Purpose: The COMRADE studies are the first randomized controlled head-to-head trials comparing the efficacy and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab versus dexamethasone (DEX) in patients with macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO). The COMRADE extension trial was designed to provide additional 6-month data of patients who completed the core studies.

Methods: In this open-label, phase IV study patients who completed the COMRADE core studies were prospectively enrolled. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.

Purpose: To compare results between standard and accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) for the treatment of progressive keratoconus.

Methods: We performed literature searches in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ISRCTN registry, ClinicalTrials.gov, and EMBASE for studies comparing conventional Dresden (C-CXL) and accelerated CXL (A-CXL). Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.

Purpose: To describe the different clinical presentations of periocular molluscum contagiosum (MC) lesions and their epidemiological, clinical and histopathological features.

Methods: Medical records and histopathological sections of all cases of periocular MC treated at the oculoplastic clinic of the Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Israel, between 1995 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The following data were extracted: gender, age at the time of MC diagnosis, immune competency, location of the periocular lesions, number of lesions, dimensions of the lesions, clinical presentation, histopathological features, suspected clinical diagnosis before histopathological diagnosis and treatment. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

Doheny Image Reading Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of multiple enface image averaging on image quality of the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Twenty-one normal volunteers were enrolled in this study. For each subject, one eye was imaged with 3 × 3 mm scan protocol, and another eye was imaged with the 6 × 6 mm scan protocol centred on the fovea using the ZEISS Angioplex™ spectral-domain OCTA device. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 31. Epub 2018 May 31.

Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 May 16. Epub 2018 May 16.

Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex disease with many patients suffering from cardiovascular comorbidity. However, cardiovascular diseases remain often undiagnosed in COPD. Assessment of the retinal microvasculature can provide value in cardiovascular profiling of these patients. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 25. Epub 2018 Apr 25.

Bayer US, LLC, Whippany, NJ, USA.

Purpose: Antivascular endothelial growth factor agents are increasingly used in diabetic macular oedema (DME); however, there are few studies exploring their use in DME in real-world settings.

Methods: POLARIS was a noninterventional, multicentre study to monitor 12-month outcomes in patients starting ranibizumab treatment in routine practices. The primary outcome was mean change in visual acuity (VA) from baseline to month 12 (last observation carried forward approach). Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 25. Epub 2018 Apr 25.

MicroNano System Research Center, Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, College of Information and Computer Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.

Purpose: In this article, we develop a dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) model to measure 3D visual fatigue. As far as our information goes, this is the first adaptation of a DBN structure-based probabilistic framework for inferring the 3D viewer's state of visual fatigue.

Methods: Our measurement focuses on the interdependencies between each factor and the phenomena of visual fatigue in stereoscopy. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 25. Epub 2018 Apr 25.

Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine/Research Institute of Neurological Disabilities (IDINE), University of Castilla La-Mancha, Albacete, Spain.

Purpose: To identify the spectrum of disease-causing CYP4V2 variants in Spanish patients with clinically diagnosed Bietti crystalline dystrophy (BCD) over an 8-year period and to analyse the phenotype-genotype correlation of the identified variants.

Methods: Four unrelated Spanish probands with a clinical diagnosis of BCD were recruited. Ophthalmological examination included visual acuity (VA), slit lamp examination, in vivo corneal confocal microscopy, funduscopy and fluoresceinic angiography. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 24. Epub 2018 Apr 24.

Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Purpose: Diabetic maculopathy can be treated with intravitreal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors. However, the therapy is not effective in all patients, and it would be desirable to have parameters for differentiating patients who will benefit from treatment from those who will not. Retinal fixation has been shown to be impaired in patients with low visual acuity (VA) secondary to macular disease, but the changes in fixational eye movements after anti-VEGF treatment for diabetic maculopathy have not been investigated. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 24. Epub 2018 Apr 24.

Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr;96 Suppl A111:1-51

Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Diabetic retinopathy, a complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, is a complex disease and is one of the leading causes of blindness in adults worldwide. It can be divided into distinct subclasses, one of which is diabetic macular oedema. Diabetic macular oedema can occur at any time in diabetic retinopathy and is the most common cause of vision loss in patients with type 2 diabetes. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 16. Epub 2018 Apr 16.

Chair of Occupational Medicine, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.

Cataract is currently the primary cause of blindness worldwide, and one of its main risk factors is solar ultraviolet radiation exposure. According to the localization of lens opacities, three main subtypes of cataract are recognized: nuclear, cortical and posterior subcapsular cataract. One of the main determinants of individual long-term solar radiation exposure is outdoor work. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 22. Epub 2018 Apr 22.

Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 20. Epub 2018 Apr 20.

Helsinki Retina Research Group, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 19. Epub 2018 Apr 19.

Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Purpose: It has been hypothesised that uric acid (UA) has a protective effect against oxidative damage in the central nervous system. Therefore, we investigated serum UA concentrations in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and explored the relationship between serum UA concentration and glaucoma severity.

Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted in 163 POAG patients and 103 normal controls. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 19. Epub 2018 Apr 19.

Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Kitasato Univeristy, Tokyo, Japan.

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 19. Epub 2018 Apr 19.

Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan.

The purpose of this study was to compare the surgical outcomes of vitrectomy with conventional internal limiting membrane (C-ILM) peeling to that with the inverted ILM (I-ILM) flap technique for large macular holes (MHs). This was a retrospective chart review of consecutive cases with a large MH at nine hospitals in Japan. Among the 1342 eyes, 165 eyes of 165 cases met the inclusion criteria. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 19. Epub 2018 Apr 19.

Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.

Purpose: The major goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that in patients with peripheral hypertrophic subepithelial corneal opacification (PHSCO), visualization of corneal vessels is better with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) than with conventional slit lamp microphotography.

Methods: Patients with PHSCO were included in this prospective study. The corneal findings were photographed using a slit lamp camera (Haag Streit BM 900 ) and visualized with anterior-segment OCT (Optovue XR Avanti, Fremont, California, USA). Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 16. Epub 2018 Apr 16.

Central Headquarters, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Purpose: To analyse the mortality associated with intravitreal injections of bevacizumab for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in patients previously diagnosed with stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA).

Methods: We reviewed bevacizumab-treated AMD patients with a diagnosis of stroke or TIA prior to their first bevacizumab injection (n = 948). Those patients, naïve to any anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) at the time of stroke/TIA, were then compared to age- and gender-matched patients who had a stroke/TIA at the same time and had never been exposed to anti-VEGF. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 16. Epub 2018 Apr 16.

Department of Ophthalmology, Westmead Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Purpose: Identify predictors for response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in patients with neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods: Retrospective, post hoc analysis of VIEW 1/2. Patients were randomized 1:1:1:1 to 0. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 16. Epub 2018 Apr 16.

Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.

Optic disc drusen (ODD) are acellular deposits located in the optic nerve head of up to 2.4% of the population. They may develop as by-products of impaired axonal metabolism in genetically predisposed individuals, in whom a narrow scleral canal is hypothesized to play a role. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 16. Epub 2018 Apr 16.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Purpose: To describe epidemiology, causes, treatments and outcomes of all ocular injuries in southern Finland among people aged 61 and older.

Methods: All new ocular trauma patients, admitted to the Helsinki University Eye Hospital, during 1 year in 2011-2012. The data were from hospital records and prospectively from patient questionnaires. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 15. Epub 2018 Apr 15.

National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.

Purpose: To determine the evolution of fundus autofluorescence (FAF) patterns in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) over time.

Methods: We retrospectively studied the changes in FAF patterns over time in 157 eyes of 112 patients with chronic CSCR using the Heidelberg Retina Angiography with a 488-nm excitation light and a 500-nm cutoff barrier filter.

Results: The mean duration of follow-up was 37. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 15. Epub 2018 Apr 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and its association with tear film and ocular surface parameters in an Austrian clinical population of dry eye patients.

Methods: The records of 1372 consecutive patients from a dry eye unit were analysed retrospectively. Symptoms and objective tear film and ocular surface parameters were evaluated. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 15. Epub 2018 Apr 15.

Official School of Languages n.1, Zaragoza, Spain.

Purpose: The aim of this article is to 'determine' the scope of Goya's eyesight difficulties and assess the extent to which those difficulties might explain his style of painting in the last years of his life.

Methods: We analyse the correspondence and late works of the Aragonese painter Francisco de Goya y Lucientes (1746-1828), who has been admired for his use of colour, his energetic loose brushstrokes, his disregard for details and his bold compositions, as well as for his different artistic styles throughout his life.

Results: The evolution of Goya's style of painting in his later works seems to have been the consequence of an eyesight condition, probably age-related cataracts at an advanced stage. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 14. Epub 2018 Apr 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.

Purpose: To report on the efficacy and safety of CO laser-assisted sclerectomy surgery (CLASS) compared with trabeculectomy in primary open-angle glaucoma and exfoliative glaucoma.

Methods: One hundred and thirty-one patients underwent CLASS (66 patients) or trabeculectomy (65 patients) and were followed up for 12 months. 'Complete success' was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) between 10 and 18 mmHg and reduced by at least 30% from the baseline without medications, while 'qualified success' was compliant with the above criteria with or without the medications. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 14. Epub 2018 Apr 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Purpose: We describe eight patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis-related chronic uveitis, who received a fluocinolone acetonide implant (FAI, Retisert®, Bausch&Lomb) in one eye. All patients had poor visual acuity (VA) due to persistent macular oedema in one or both eyes despite treatment with antirheumatic medication.

Methods: Median age of the patients was 22. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr 6. Epub 2018 Apr 6.

Department of Ophthalmology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Purpose: To investigate causes, diagnostics and treatment modalities for persistent socket pain (PSP) after enucleation and evisceration.

Methods: A systematic search was undertaken in accordance with the PRISMA Statement, in PubMed, Embase.com and Thomson Reuters/Web of Science. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Apr;96 Suppl A110:1-50

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Mar 25. Epub 2018 Mar 25.

Department of Rheumatology, Hospital de Santa Maria-CHLN, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal.

Anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) drugs have been extensively used in non-infectious uveitis (NIU), when corticosteroids or conventional immunosuppressive drugs cannot adequately control inflammation or intolerable side-effects occur. However, systemic anti-TNF therapies are also associated with a myriad of side-effects. Therefore, intravitreal administration of anti-TNF biologics has been employed to minimize patient morbidity and systemic adverse effects, while maintaining therapeutic effectivity. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Mar 25. Epub 2018 Mar 25.

Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.

Purpose: To determine the type and prevalence of peripheral retinal changes and its relationship with axial length (AL) in a population of young Asian adult males.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of male subjects aged between 19 and 25 years old. High myopes [spherical equivalent refraction, (SER) < -6. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Mar 25. Epub 2018 Mar 25.

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Ophthalmology and Vision, Karolinska Institutet, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Purpose: To study associations between intraoperative difficulties and changes in patient-perceived and postoperative visual function and visual satisfaction after cataract surgery.

Methods: Swedish multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional, nonrandomized, National Cataract Register study. A total of 10 979 patients (n = 10 979) who underwent cataract surgery from 2008 to 2011 completed the Catquest-9SF questionnaire before and 3 months postoperatively. Read More