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Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 26. Epub 2020 May 26.

Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 21. Epub 2020 May 21.

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Purpose: Congenital anophthalmia (A) and microphthalmia (M) are rare developmental defects, which could be isolated or syndromic. Our objective was to describe a cohort of children and young adults with A/M treated with ocular prosthesis, emphasizing clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.

Methods: Eighteen individuals (10 female) with unilateral A (n = 3) and M (n = 15) with a mean age of 9. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 21. Epub 2020 May 21.

Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 18. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Purpose: To investigate the ocular manifestations and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients caused by SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China.

Methods: A total of 535 COVID-19 patients were recruited at Mobile Cabin Hospital and Tongji Hospital. Information on demographic characteristics, exposure history, ocular symptoms, eye drop medication, eye protections, chronic eye diseases, systemic concomitant symptoms, radiologic findings and SARS-CoV-2 detection in nasopharyngeal swabs by real-time PCR was collected from questionnaires and electronic medical records. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 18. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

The aim of this systematic review was to compare certain side-effects [visual fields (VF), dark adaptation, colour vision (CV) and contrast sensitivity (CS)] of conventional panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) with those of other treatments in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). A systematic literature search was conducted on 30 November 2018 in PubMed and Embase. The search comprised the keywords 'proliferative diabetic retinopathy', 'laser', 'treatment' and 'anti-vegf'. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 18. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.

Purpose: To describe the long-term results of surgical repair of patients with optic disc pit maculopathy (ODP-M).

Methods: Prospective, consecutive, noncomparative follow-up study including 12 patients with ODP-M treated by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), peeling of internal limiting membrane followed by gas tamponade. Subretinal fluid (SRF) was drained in 11 eyes through a retinotomy without laser photocoagulation. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 18. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal.

Purpose: Ultrasound cycloplasty (UCP) acts through the selective coagulation of the ciliary body using high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) technology. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the application of ultrasound beams targeting the ciliary body using an external probe influences astigmatism.

Methods: Multicentre, prospective, single-arm, open-label study in adult patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and moderately uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP) under glaucoma medication. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 18. Epub 2020 May 18.

Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the association between the serum vitamin D level and dry eye. A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases to identify clinical studies evaluating the association between vitamin D levels and dry eye. The random-effect model was used to combine the results. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 18. Epub 2020 May 18.

Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 18. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 18. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Purpose: To investigate differences in the objective and subjective visual quality of patients with high myopia following implantable collamer lens V4c (ICL V4c) versus small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) early postoperatively.

Methods: This prospective analysis included 94 eyes of 57 patients (8 males) in the ICL V4c group (mean spherical equivalent (SE), -8.07 ± 1. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 15. Epub 2020 May 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of corticosteroid-sparing immunomodulatory therapy (IMT) in patients with recurrent and/or sight-threatening central multifocal choroiditis (MFC).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study in a tertiary uveitis centre including all patients with MFC who have been treated with IMT for at least 12 months. Clinical data and imaging results were collected regarding the period prior to the start of IMT and at 3, 6, 12 and - where available - 24 months after the start of IMT. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 15. Epub 2020 May 15.

Center for Eye Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Purpose: To clarify how early in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) can oxygen (O ) saturation changes be detected.

Methods: Retinal oximetry was performed in a cross-sectional study, involving 14- to 30-year-old individuals: 185 with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 94 controls. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the grade of DR. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 15. Epub 2020 May 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.

Asteroid hyalosis is defined by the presence of white, snowball-like non-crystalline vitreous opacities that move with the vitreous and appear to be anchored to its matrix. Asteroid hyalosis commonly occurs in the absence of other identifiable ocular abnormalities and is usually an incidental finding. The vitreous opacities are usually invisible to the patient and asymptomatic, but asteroid hyalosis can be a significant obstacle to the examination of the fundus. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 15. Epub 2020 May 15.

Department of Research and Development, VISSUM, Alicante, Spain.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of morphogeometric and volumetric characterization of the cornea based on three-dimensional (3-D) modelling in diagnosis of subclinical keratoconus (KC).

Methods: Cross-sectional study. Ninety-three eyes with subclinical KC with a best spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity ≥20/20 (grade zero KC according to the RETICS classification) and 109 control eyes were included. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 15. Epub 2020 May 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France.

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 14. Epub 2020 May 14.

St. Erik Eye Hospital, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Purpose: To study the test-retest reliability of the Catquest-9SF questionnaire in cataract surgery.

Methods: A single-centre prospective non-randomized test-retest study was conducted using the Swedish National Cataract Register and the Catquest-9SF questionnaire, which is a valid patient-reported outcome measurement tool developed and used for evaluating quality and visual disability outcome in cataract surgery. Consecutive patients (n = 144) scheduled for cataract surgery completed the Catquest-9SF twice before surgery, with a minimum of 7 days and a maximum of 14 days between the two questionnaires. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 14. Epub 2020 May 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.

Background: The current outbreak of COVID-19 has spread rapidly all over the world. Respiratory droplets and contaction with infected patients are the two major transmission routes. However, the value of tear virus nucleic acid is still not clear. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.

Purpose: Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the optic nerve, which can be the first manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS). The main goal was to assess changes in the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and in retinal oxygen saturation [arterial (AS), venous (VS) and arterio-venous (A-V) difference] in the affected and unaffected eye.

Methods: Fifty patients with ON due to MS within 3 months of onset of symptoms were enrolled (17 males, mean age 35. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 8. Epub 2020 May 8.

Peking University People's Hospital, Eye diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Department of Ophthalmology & Clinical Centre of Optometry, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of intravitreal conbercept and ranibizumab treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods: In this retrospective study, the date of patients with ROP treated with intravitreal conbercept or ranibizumab from July 2012 to March 2018 with at least 12 months of follow-up at the Eye Center in People's Hospital of Peking University were analysed. Regression, progression or recurrence and peripheral retina vascularization were evaluated. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 8. Epub 2020 May 8.

Naval Medical Center San Diego, Navy Refractive Surgery Center, San Diego, CA, USA.

Purpose: To evaluate the colour vision severity classification standard 'CIE 143:2001 International recommendations for colour vision requirements in transport' (CIE 143:2001), which has become out of date because of the lack of commercial availability of required colour vision tests.

Methods: One-hundred-five subjects had colour vision tested and colour vision severity classified according to a modified CIE 143:2001 algorithm that included pseudoisochromatic plates (Ishihara's test and Hardy Rand Rittler (HRR) 4th edition), Optec 900 lantern and Farnsworth D-15. Subject's results and colour vision severity classification were compared to performance and colour vision severity classification on the computerized 'Colour Assessment and Diagnosis' (CAD) test. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 7. Epub 2020 May 7.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Ophthalmology in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 7. Epub 2020 May 7.

Orbit and Oculoplastic Surgery Unit, Ophtalmology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Phenylephrine test on the upper eyelid crease position.

Material And Methods: This study follows a prospective and analytical design and included patients with unilateral acquired involutional ptosis recruited between January 2015 and January 2018. In the Phenylephrine test, 1 drop of Phenylephrine 10% was instilled on the inferior fornix of the ptotic eye and the eyelid crease position was evaluated 10 min after. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 30. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Purpose: To evaluate health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), vision-related (VR-)QoL and perceptual visual dysfunction (PVD) among individuals with anophthalmia (A) and microphthalmia (M) treated with ocular prosthesis.

Methods: The study comprised 15 individuals (mean age 6.6 years; range 1. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 30. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 30. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Purpose: To evaluate growth, blood pressure and ophthalmological status in preschool children born preterm to mothers with preeclampsia.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study, 78 children (34 girls) born preterm without retinopathy of prematurity were examined regarding length/height, weight, head circumference and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) at birth and at 5 years of age. At 5 years, IGF-binding protein 3 and blood pressure were also measured. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 30. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Purpose: Favourable outcome after glaucoma surgery depends on proper control of the inflammatory response. Failing filtration bleb and consequently increased intraocular pressure is an important cause of continuous visual field deterioration after uncomplicated glaucoma surgery. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of employing either Mitomycin C (MMC), 5-Fluoruracil (5-FU) or no anti-metabolite in needling revision of trabeculectomies. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 28. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Muenster Medical Center, Muenster, Germany.

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 28. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Purpose: To report the highest attained visual acuity with an electronic retinal implant for the treatment of advanced retinal degeneration following a novel intensive period of visual training.

Methods: A case study as part of the prospective, international, multi-centre, interventional clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02720640 and NCT01024803) of patients with the Retina Implant Alpha AMS (Retina Implant AG, Reutlingen, Germany) for advanced retinal degeneration. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 27. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan.

Purpose: To evaluate the use of a 24-hr ocular dimensional profile recorded with a contact lens sensor (CLS) combined with a single tonometric intraocular pressure (IOP) reading to indicate the potential for exceeding the diagnostic threshold for normal tension glaucoma (NTG) in Japanese patients.

Methods: Intraocular pressure (IOP) of untreated Japanese NTG patients was measured with tonometry every 3 hr from 9:00 to 24:00. The subsequent day a 24-hr CLS (SENSIMED Triggerfish, Sensimed AG, Lausanne, Switzerland) profile was recorded on the same eye. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 26. Epub 2020 Apr 26.

The Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Purpose: The SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been detected in tears and conjunctival samples from infected individuals. Conjunctivitis is also reported in a small number of cases. We evaluated ocular symptoms and ocular tropism of SARS-CoV-2 in a group of patients with COVID-19. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 24. Epub 2020 Apr 24.

Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Dijon, France.

Purpose: To evaluate the capacity of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness measured by SD-OCT to discriminate glaucoma patients from controls in an elderly population.

Methods: The MONTRACHET (Maculopathy, Optic Nerve, nuTRition, neurovAsCular and HEarT diseases) Study is a population-based study including participants aged 75 years and over. All participants underwent a complete eye examination with optic nerve photographs, visual field testing and OCT peripapillary RNFL thickness measurement. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 23. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.

Purpose: This study evaluates current available endpoints for epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery and examine their correlation to patient reported outcomes (PRO).

Methods: Retrospective study including 38 eyes of 38 patients who underwent cataract extraction and subsequent vitrectomy for idiopathic ERM. The fellow eye was phakic with good visual acuity. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 23. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Purpose: To investigate the morphological and functional reconstruction of the macular fovea after autologous neurosensory retinal transplantation for recurrent macular hole retinal detachment (MHRD) in highly myopic eyes.

Methods: Ten consecutive cases of recurrent MHRD with high myopia were retrospectively reviewed. All eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy combined with autologous neurosensory retinal transplantation and were followed up for at least 3 months after silicone oil extraction. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 18. Epub 2020 Apr 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Purpose: To develop and investigate an Eyesi simulator-based test for the more experienced cataract surgeon for evidence of validity.

Methods: The study was a prospective interventional cohort study and carried out at the Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation. The Eyesi Simulator was used for the test which was developed by three expert cataract surgeons. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 17. Epub 2020 Apr 17.

University Eye Hospital, Center for Ophthalmology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany.

Purpose: To evaluate the motility of the eye in patients with the RETINA IMPLANT Alpha AMS.

Methods: Eye motility was determined in eight gaze directions in ten blind retinitis pigmentosa patients, who had received the RETINA IMPLANT Alpha AMS, before implantation of the subretinal implant and at six time-points up to one year after.

Results: The analysis of eye motility showed a restriction in the upgaze and gaze to the temporal side directly after surgery in eight of the nine patients included. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 17. Epub 2020 Apr 17.

Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team LEHA, UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.

Purpose: To analyse and compare the prevalence of epiretinal membranes (ERMs) obtained using either standard retinal colour images or spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in a population-based setting of French elderly subjects.

Methods: Six hundred twenty-four subjects of the Alienor cohort aged 75 years or older underwent both colour fundus imaging and SD-OCT examinations. The ERMs were graded from retinal images and SD-OCT macular scans in a masked fashion. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 17. Epub 2020 Apr 17.

Department of Orthoptics and Visual Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan.

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 17. Epub 2020 Apr 17.

Service d'ophtalmologie, Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Lyon, France.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether choroidal thickness (CT) increases at the time of exudative recurrence in diabetic patients with unilateral diabetic macular oedema (DME) treated with intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF or dexamethasone.

Methods: A real-life, prospective, two-centre study was conducted over a 9-month period investigating diabetic patients presenting with unilateral DME treated with anti-VEGF or dexamethasone intravitreal injections, and CT was measured manually, using the enhanced depth imaging module of the spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Choroidal thickness (CT) was measured in the morning, in both the affected and healthy eye of each patient at two timepoints: when the macula was 'dry' (T0) and at the time of exudative recurrence (T1). Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 17. Epub 2020 Apr 17.

Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

Purpose: The retinal vasculature is the only part of the microcirculation that can be directly studied by non-invasive imaging. Based on the hypothesis that the systemic circulation is reflected in retinal vessels, we investigated if coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is related to changes in retinal vascular oxygen saturation (rSatO ).

Methods: Retinal metabolism was evaluated by Oxymap T1, which simultaneously captures two retinal images at different wavelengths measuring the retinal arteriolar (raSatO ) and venular (rvSatO ) oxygen saturation. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 14. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term follow-up of patients with a circumscribed choroidal hemangioma (CCH) treated with limited single spot photodynamic therapy (PDT) at the Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC (AUMC).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 17 patients, treated between 2001 and 2012. Evaluation included best corrected visual acuity, slitlamp examination, fundoscopy, ophthalmic ultrasonography (USG), fluorescein/indocyanine green angiography (FA/ICG), fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 12. Epub 2020 Apr 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Dijon, France.

Purpose: To compare the risk of haemorrhagic complications in elective macular surgery between patients with no antithrombotic (AT) treatment (defined as patients with no history of AT therapy or who discontinued AT therapy) and patients who continued AT treatment during the surgery.

Methods: E-case report forms were prospectively recorded in a database before vitreoretinal surgery and 1 month after. Data on patient characteristics, surgical techniques, haemorrhagic complications and antithrombotic status were collected. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 12;98(4):e520-e521. Epub 2020 Apr 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 10. Epub 2020 Apr 10.

Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.

Purpose: Predicting the visual gain from cataract surgery when the main cause of vision loss is age-related macular degeneration may be difficult and warrants the need for an objective predictor of subjective outcome. Full-field electroretinography is an objective measure of overall retinal function. We therefore wanted to study if full-field electroretinography can predict subjective visual outcome using visual function questionnaire. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 10. Epub 2020 Apr 10.

Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany.

Background: Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) allows visualizing slightest alterations within the corneal subbasal nerve plexus (SNP). Recent CCM studies based on the analysis of three-five CCM images per eye assumed a reduced corneal nerve fibre length (CNFL) in keratoconus (KC).

Methods: The SNP of KC patients (n = 23, 13 contact lens wearing, 10 noncontact lens wearing) and patients without KC (n = 16) was examined by 10 CCM images of one eye per patient. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 10. Epub 2020 Apr 10.

Department of Optometry, Madonna University, Okija, Nigeria.

Purpose: Garcinia kola (bitter kola) is locally ingested across the West African subregion. It has ocular hypotensive effects similar to some commonly used glaucoma medications when administered topically. The study assessed the effect of oral ingestion of G. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 9. Epub 2020 Apr 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.

Purpose: The aim was to report cumulative incidence and time of onset of postoperative glaucoma in a paediatric early cataract surgery cohort.

Methods: Data were retrieved from the Pediatric Cataract Register (PECARE), a prospective register of Swedish cataract operations before 8 years of age. All eyes with surgery between January 2007 and December 2014 and a registered follow-up were included. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 8. Epub 2020 Apr 8.

Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital, Dijon, France.

Purpose: To develop a risk-prediction nomogram based on baseline variables for good functional response during the 1st year of treatment with anti-VEGF agents in naive diabetic macular oedema (DME).

Methods: This retrospective study included patients presenting naive-DME treated with anti-VEGF therapy at Dijon University Hospital (France) between 1 February 2012 and 31 March 2015 (derivation cohort). We studied baseline variables that had significant associations with a good functional response to anti-VEGF agents during the 1st year of treatment. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 7. Epub 2020 Apr 7.

Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Messerli Institute, Vienna, Austria.

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 6. Epub 2020 Apr 6.

Department of Neuroscience/Ophthalmology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Purpose Of The Study: To examine the cause of treatment failures in Type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Patients And Methods: The medical charts of all infants with disease persistence after laser treatment at Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden, during a 10-year period (2009-2019) were reviewed. RetCam photography and angiography were used to document the retinal appearance before and after retreatment. Read More