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Acta Ophthalmol 2022 May 19. Epub 2022 May 19.

Department of Ophthalmology, Region Vastmanland, Västerås, Sweden.

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 May 17. Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Purpose: To investigate the association between proteinuria and the incidence of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in individuals with preserved renal function.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from 2005 to 2020 using the JMDC Claims Database, a large database of health check-ups and administrative claims in Japan. Individuals who underwent annual health check-ups were included. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 May 10. Epub 2022 May 10.

Department of Ophthalmology, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.

Purpose: The optic nerve head (ONH) is a part of the brain that can be evaluated through the transparent medium of the eye. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible correlations among the properties of the optic nerve head, maternal factors during pregnancy and neonatal parameters in a randomized sample of a birth cohort.

Methods: The Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort has been prospectively monitored since their antenatal period. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 May 9. Epub 2022 May 9.

Hospital Lluís Alcanyís, Xàtiva, Spain.

Systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) are of great importance for basing clinical decisions. However, misleading interpretations may result when informed decisions rest on biased review papers with methodological issues. To evaluate which treatment is optimal, an overview was made of SRs and MAs to establish the quality and certainty of meta-evidence published on the efficacy of laser-based refractive surgery techniques for treating myopia in adults. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 May 8. Epub 2022 May 8.

Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of polyquaternium-1 (PQ)-preserved and benzalkonium chloride (BAK)-preserved travoprost eye drops on viability of primary human conjunctival goblet cell (GC) cultures and on secretion of mucin and cytokines. Furthermore, to evaluate the physicochemical properties of the branded travoprost eye drop Travatan® and available generics.

Methods: The effect of travoprost eye drops was evaluated on GC cultures. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 May 6. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Clinic Hospital of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Purpose: To investigate the macular and circumpapillary retinal microvasculature across all stages of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional, observational study analysed a total of 119 eyes of 60 patients with molecularly confirmed LHON across all stages and 120 eyes of 60 control subjects. Optical coherence tomography angiography maps centred on the fovea and optic disc were obtained to measure vessel densities (VDs) in the macular superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) capillary plexuses, and the radial peripapillary capillary plexus (RPCP) respectively. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 May 5. Epub 2022 May 5.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a highly prevalent and debilitating condition affecting several hundred million people worldwide. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan commonly used in the treatment of DED. This review aims to critically evaluate the literature on the safety and efficacy of artificial tears containing HA used in DED treatment. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 May 5. Epub 2022 May 5.

Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.

Purpose: To study and compare effects of syngeneic bone marrow mononuclear stem cells (BM-MNCs) transplants on inherited retinal degeneration in two animal models with different etiologies: the RCS and the P23H-1 rats. To compare the safety and efficacy of two methods of intraocular delivery: subretinal and/or intravitreal.

Methods: A suspension of BM-MNCs was injected subretinally or intravitreally in the left eyes of P23H-1 and RCS rats at post-natal day (P) 21. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 May 4. Epub 2022 May 4.

Brazilian Diabetes Society, Itabuna, Brazil.

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 May 4. Epub 2022 May 4.

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Purpose: To map the morphology of the retina and optic disc in adolescents with surgically treated hydrocephalus (HC) in infancy and to compare the results with healthy controls.

Methods: The study comprised 26 adolescents (16 male, mean age 15 years) with HC and 31 sex- and aged-matched controls. The following optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters were obtained: macular retinal thickness (MRT) and volume (MRV), thickness of the macular and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (ppRNFL), and area of the optic disc, cup and rim. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 May 4. Epub 2022 May 4.

Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

The pathophysiology of diabetic macular oedema (DME) remains poorly understood. Proteomic analysis of the vitreous using mass spectrometry (MS) can potentially identify proteins of pathophysiological importance. In this systematic review, we summarize the available evidence on protein changes in DME detected by MS. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Apr 30. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine risk factors affecting changes in posterior corneal elevation (PCE) and predict the 5-year stability after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

Methods: This retrospective, longitudinal study enrolled 161 patients post-SMILE. The PCE values were measured at the apex, thinnest, maximal and 24 other prespecified preoperative points and at 6 months, 1 year and 5 years postoperatively. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Apr 26. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Purpose: To investigate the association between different types of vitrectomy and risk of different types of glaucoma and to determine the effect of systemic medication and diabetes status on this risk.

Methods: A population-based nested case-control study included individuals of age ≥ 18 years who had undergone single vitrectomy, vitrectomy with retinal procedure, or combined phaco-vitrectomy between 2001 and 2010. End of follow-up was 2017. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Apr 25. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Eye Research, Oslo University Hospital and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to estimate the 1-year costs associated with treating diabetic macular oedema (DME) patients using current intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) biologics compared with the dexamethasone implant.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive cost-evaluation analysis using data from Oslo University Hospital and literature to compare three different intravitreal drugs for DME: bevacizumab, aflibercept and dexamethasone. Stratification of patients into 'Naive' or 'Switch' group was based on treatment history. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Apr 19. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Background: Visual display terminal (VDT) use is a key risk factor for dry eye disease (DED). Visual display terminal (VDT) use reduces the blink rate and increases the number of incomplete blinks. However, the exact mechanisms causing DED development from VDT use have yet to be clearly described. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Apr 12. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Department of Epidemiology and Quality of care, University Hospital of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to describe vitreoretinal surgery activity and vitreoretinal surgeons in private or public practice in metropolitan France over the year 2016 to anticipate surgical training needs.

Methods: Patients aged ≥20 years who had undergone vitreoretinal surgery, alone or combined with cataract surgery were included using the French National Healthcare system database. For surgery performed by ophthalmologists carrying out ≥50 procedures during the year, the incidence per 100 000 of population ≥ 20 years of age, the number and mean age of surgeons and the number of surgeons aged >55 years were calculated. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Apr 12. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.

Purpose: To develop an automated image recognition software for the objective quantification of choroidal vascularity index (CVI) and choroidal thickness (CT) at different choroidal locations on images obtained from enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT), and to validate its reliability and investigate the difference and correlation between measurements made by manual and software.

Methods: A total of 390 EDI-OCT scans, captured from 130 eligible emmetropic or myopic subjects, were categorized into four grades in terms of their accessibility to identify the choroidal-scleral interface (CSI) and were further assessed for CT and CVI at five locations (subfoveal, nasal, temporal, superior and inferior) by the newly developed Choroidal Vascularity Index Software (CVIS) and three ophthalmologists. Choroidal parameters acquired from CVIS were evaluated for its reliability and correlation with ocular factors, in comparison to manual measurements. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Apr 11. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to report visual outcome and safety after cataract surgery with primary intraocular lens implantation before 12 weeks of age.

Methods: Infants with visually significant unilateral congenital cataract having primary IOL implantation in the capsular bag before 12 weeks of age in 2007-2016 were enrolled for a prospective study examination in 2017. The medical records were also reviewed. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Apr 11. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair, CNRS, INSERM, GReD, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Ophthalmology, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of preventive treatment against allograft rejection after endothelial keratoplasty (EK), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Method: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and ScienceDirect databases were searched until May 2021. We computed a random-effect meta-analysis on graft rejection rate stratified by the intervention (i. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Apr 11. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Purpose: To evaluate neuroretinal integrity in different subtypes of optical coherence tomography (OCT)-graded partial-thickness macular holes.

Methods: Fovea-centred SD-OCT images (Cirrus, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG; Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering GmbH) and visual acuity (VA) acquired at every visit were analysed by two retina specialists retrospectively in 71 eyes of 65 patients. Partial-thickness macular holes were classified as lamellar macular hole (LMH), epiretinal membrane foveoschisis (ERMF) or macular pseudohole (MPH). Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Apr 9. Epub 2022 Apr 9.

Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Purpose: To investigate the association between cigarette smoking and retinal capillary plexus (RCP) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to examine whether potential vascular risk factors could impact their association.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional, community-based study. The Jidong Eye Cohort Study included participants aged ≥18 years in the Jidong community (Tangshan city, northern China) from August 2019 to January 2020. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Apr 8. Epub 2022 Apr 8.

Rotterdam Ophthalmic Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to present results from a national Dutch cohort of patients with Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON) treated with idebenone.

Methods: The multicentre, open-label, retrospective evaluation of the long-term outcome of idebenone treatment of Dutch LHON patients on visual function and on thickness of the retinal ganglion cell layer. Patients included in the analysis had a confirmed mutation in their mitochondrial DNA encoding either of the seven subunits of complex I, had a reported loss of vision in at least one eye and had a follow-up of more than 6 months after their treatment was started. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Apr 6. Epub 2022 Apr 6.

Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Introduction: Since July 2021, a worldwide shortage of verteporfin (Visudyne®) occurred: an essential medicine required for photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT with verteporfin has a broad range of indications in ophthalmology, including chronic central serous chorioretinopathy, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy and choroidal haemangioma. For these disorders, PDT is either the first-choice treatment or regarded as a major treatment option. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Apr 1. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea.

Purpose: To investigate long-term visual outcomes of patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and typical neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in the real-world setting.

Methods: Retrospective, multicenter, noninterventional consecutive cohort study. Two hundred eighty-five eyes of 261 patients with PCV and 902 eyes of 877 patients with typical nAMD, who could be followed up 1 year or longer from 2005 to 2018, were included. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Mar 30. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

Pediatric Ophthalmology Department, Adolphe de Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France.

Purpose: The final refraction after intraocular lens (IOL) implantation remains a challenge in the management of paediatric cataracts. No consensual guidelines exist for the choice of IOL power. The aim of this study was to validate a method of IOL power calculation by evaluating the final refractive error in all patients with IOL implantation operated at our institution. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Mar 29. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Purpose: To compare the treatment success of air with fluorinated gas (20% SF or 14% C F ) tamponade in pars plana vitrectomy for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study comprised of 1023 consecutive primary retinal detachment cases between 2014 and 2020. We employed a univariate multivariable binary logistic regression model. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Mar 29. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Purpose: To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) and pain after a single versus split bolus of intravenous hypertonic saline (IVHTS).

Methods: In a prospective, randomized, interventional trial, we enrolled patients with an IOP of 22-34 mmHg. Twenty patients in Group 1 received IVHTS as a single bolus of 1 mmol/kg 23. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Mar 29. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Department of Physiology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.

Purpose: Mice carrying pathogenic variants in the microphthalmia transcription factor (Mitf) gene show structural and functional changes in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium. The purpose of this study was to assess the vascular changes in Mitf mice carrying pathogenic variants by determining their retinal vessel diameter.

Methods: Mice examined in this study were: B6-Mitf (n = 6), B6-Mitf /Mitf (n = 6) and C57BL/6J wild type mice (n = 6), all 3 months old. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Mar 29. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Faculty of Medicine and Health, Department of Ophthalmology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the possibility of analysing quality indicators for uncomplicated primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in a hospital department of ophthalmology without the support of a national registry or need to collect data from referring ophthalmological centres.

Methods: In 2014, we operated 231 consecutive eyes with uncomplicated retinal detachment. Our quality indicators were primary anatomical success, final anatomical success and postoperative endophthalmitis. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Mar 28. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Purpose: To develop and validate a deep learning model to automatically segment three structures using an anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT): The intraocular lens (IOL), the retrolental space (IOL to the posterior lens capsule) and Berger's space (BS; posterior capsule to the anterior hyaloid membrane).

Methods: An artificial intelligence (AI) approach based on a deep learning model to automatically segment the IOL, the retrolental space, and BS in AS-OCT, was trained using annotations from an experienced clinician. The training, validation and test set consisted of 92 cross-sectional OCT slices, acquired in 47 visits from 41 eyes. Read More