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Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2022 ;82(1):106-119

Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland;

We demonstrate in vivo imaging of the ischemic area in the mouse brain after photostroke using a custom prototype Gaussian‑beam optical coherence tomography (OCT) setup in which the near infrared imaging beam and the green photoinducing light pass through the same objective lens. The goal of our research was analysis of vascularity of the ischemic area during 2‑week progress of stroke and correlating the hypo‑ and hyperreflective OCT scattering areas with the location of activated microglia and astroglia. Angiogenesis, which was assessed using angiomaps, showed that the area of vessels in the ischemic center increased until day 7. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2022 ;82(1):96-105

Institute of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.

Studies on rodents and nonhuman primates suggest that exposure to anesthetics, particularly in the young brain, is associated with neuronal apoptosis as well as hippocampal‑dependent cognitive dysfunction. Disruption of the development of dentate gyrus may play an important role in anesthetics‑induced neurotoxicity. However, the anesthetics triggered molecular events in the dentate gyrus of the developing brain are poorly understood. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2022 ;82(1):88-95

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Madopar on the absence seizures and the anxiety‑like behavior (assessed using the open field test) in Wistar Albino Glaxo/Rijswijk (WAG/Rij) rats. Twenty‑eight male WAG/Rij rats were randomly divided into four groups: group I: control; group II: Madopar 5 mg/kg; group III: Madopar 50 mg/kg; group IV: Madopar 100 mg/kg. A tripolar electrode was attached to all WAG/Rij rats. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2022 ;82(1):77-87

The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China;

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and is manifested by memory loss and spatial disorientation. There is currently no effective treatment for AD. Abnormalities of the chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72) gene have been associated with various neurodegenerative diseases. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2022 ;82(1):65-76

Health Management Center, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China;

Microglia is activated and polarized to pro‑inflammatory M1 phenotype or anti‑inflammatory M2 phenotype in neuroinflammation. Apelin‑13 exerts protective properties against neuroinflammation in several neurological disorders. We aimed to investigate whether apelin‑13 played a protective role on BV‑2 microglia and explore its underlying mechanisms. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2022 ;82(1):52-64

Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.

Reactive gliosis and inflammation are risk factors for white matter injury (WMI) development, which are correlated with the development of many neurodevelopmental deficits with no treatment. This study aimed to understand the mechanisms correlated with WMI, with a particular focus on the role of nuclear factor‑kappa B (NF‑kB) and p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathways. Seven‑day‑old Wistar rats were used to generate cerebellar tissue slices. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2022 ;82(1):35-51

Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India.

Hyperserotonemia, during the early developmental phase, generates behavioral and biochemical phenotypes associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in rats. Phosphodiesterase‑1 (PDE1) inhibitors are known to provide benefits in various brain conditions. We investigated the role of a selective PDE1 inhibitor, vinpocetine on ASD‑related behavioral phenotypes (social behavioral deficits, repetitive behavior, anxiety, and hyperlocomotion) in a developmental hyperserotonemia (DHS) rat model. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2022 ;82(1):22-34

Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.

Sertoli cells (SCs) may be a new candidate to decrease ischemic damage due to their ability to secrete factors that actively protect neurons and inhibit uncontrollable immune responses. Pre‑treatment with these cells was considered in the current study. SCs were injected into the right striatum in rats using the stereotaxic technique. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2022 ;82(1):12-21

Departments of Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China;

Cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) is a significant cause of disability and death. Inflammation usually occurs after CIS and accelerates cellular damage. NLRP3 plays a key role in the formation of CIS‑associated inflammasome. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2022 ;82(1):1-11

Department of Pediatrics Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is associated with the non‑progressive damage of upper motor neurons, which is manifested by a variety of symptoms, particularly motor and functional deficits. During the rehabilitation of patients with CP, attention is paid to improving mobility which can have a significant impact on the child's development. The effectiveness of rehabilitation depends on the plasticity of the nervous system, which may be genetically determined. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(4):393-404

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan.

The neurotrophic hypothesis of depression, which suggests that decreased hippocampal brain‑derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels cause depression, has become increasingly popular. BDNF, a member of the neurotrophin family, promotes neuronal differentiation and survival. BDNF is synthesized in various peripheral tissues, as well as in the brain. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(4):386-392

Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pain Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

COVID‑19 is an infection caused by the new coronavirus SARS‑CoV‑2. Headache is one of the most common neurological findings. In the treatment of various chronic headaches, the greater occipital nerve (GON) block is often used as a safe and effective method. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(4):375-385

Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P.R. China.

Lipoic acid (LA) exerts several beneficial effects including anti‑inflammatory and antioxidant activity. This research aims to explore the function and mechanisms of LA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced PC12 cells. PC12 cells stimulated by LPS were used to mimic an in vitro inflammatory model of Parkinson's disease. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(4):362-374

Neurosurgery Department, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China;

The long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been important regulators for the progression of ischemic‑induced stroke. We aim to study the role of the lncRNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) treated microglia. OGD/R injury of CHME5 cells was used as an in vitro stroke model. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(4):350-361

Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Morphine and tramadol are the opioid analgesic drugs acting via activation of μ‑opioid receptors. It is important to understand which mechanism (synergistic or additive anti‑nociceptive activity) induced potent anti‑nociceptive effect by co‑administration of morphine and tramadol. Identification of new strategies that can potentiate analgesic effects of opioids will be good therapeutic approaches for pain relief. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(4):335-349

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey;

Disaggregation of amyloid βeta (Aβ) is considered as one of the promising therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease. Polyphenols are promising molecules for the disaggregation of Aβ. However, in order to find a potential therapeutic candidate, the in vitro analyses need to be performed on a model that mimics the blood‑brain barrier (BBB) as much as possible. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(4):328-334

Department of Pharmacology, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Autonomous), Chalapathi Nagar, Lam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Methanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia unripe fruit (MMC) was tested against heroin addiction using a mouse modified runway model of drug‑seeking. Habituation sessions were carried out for 10 min/d for 3 days. On day 0, the total run time of each mouse was noted (the start box to goal box) during the preconditioning test. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(4):314-327

Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM‑10), Research Centre Jülich GmbH, Germany.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with a prevalence estimated to reach 115 million by 2050. It is characterized by abnormal extracellular accumulation of amyloid‑beta (Aβ) peptide and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) that result in neuro‑inflammation, synaptic dysfunction, neurotransmitter imbalance, neuronal loss, and dendritic changes. A hypothesis of neurotrophic factor (NTF) involvement in neurodegenerative diseases and their potential as a therapeutic tool has emerged. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(4):307-313

Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland;

Store‑operated calcium entry (SOCE) is important for refilling endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores and Ca2+ signaling. Extracellular Ca2+ is conducted by highly Ca2+‑selective Orai channels that are activated by stromal interaction molecule proteins (STIMs), which are sensitive ER Ca2+ sensors. We found an approximately five‑fold increase in annexin A3a (anxa3a) expression levels in stim2b knockout zebrafish. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(3):295-306

Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) in aging is known to induce aging‑related cerebral deteriorations, such as neuronal degeneration, white matter (WM) alterations, and vascular deformations. However, the effects of cerebral hypoperfusion on WM alterations remain unclear. This study investigates the relationship between cerebral hypoperfusion and WM total volume changes by assessing the trends in CBF and WM changes by meta‑analysis. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(3):286-294

Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

The present study aimed to examine whether the attenuation of estrogen receptor expression is prevented by propyl pyrazole triol (PPT), an agonist for estrogen receptor α (ERα) or and diarypropiolnitrile (DPN), an agonist for estrogen receptor β (ERβ) after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The tests performed on ovariectomized female Wistar rats included sham group, vehicle group, and treated groups: PPT, DPN, and PPT+DPN 30 minutes after TBI. Blood‑brain barrier (BBB) disruption and brain water content were estimated. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(3):279-285

Department of Rheumatology, Rehabilitation and Internal Disease, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.

There are numerous factors that determine the sense of happiness and level of depression in caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this paper is to evaluate happiness and depression in/among families with an ASD child and compare with families with neurotypical children. The study included 182 participants. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(3):271-278

Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, P.R. China;

Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a potent α‑2 adrenergic receptor agonist and has been widely applied in clinic. The present study explored the protective effect of DEX on sevoflurane‑induced learning and cognitive impairment and examined its underlying mechanism. Sprague‑Dawley rat pups were exposed to 0. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(3):264-270

Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Fasting, anticholinergics, and seizures affect c‑fos activation in the brain. Additionally, antimuscarinic treated fasted animals develop convulsion soon after re‑feeding. Therefore, we assessed whether c‑fos expression changes in fed, fasting, and refed animals and how scopolamine treatment affects these changes. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(3):249-263

Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, affecting communication and behavior. Historically, ASD had been described as a purely psychiatric disorder with genetic factors playing the most critical role. Recently, a growing body of literature has been emphasizing the importance of environmental and immunological factors in its pathogenesis, with the autoimmune process attracting the most attention. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(3):233-248

Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.

Preterm infants have a high risk of neonatal white matter injury (WMI). WMI leads to reduced myelination, inflammation, and clinical neurodevelopmental deficits for which there are no effective treatments. Ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) induced excitotoxicity contributes to oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage cell loss and demyelination in brain models of neonatal and adult WMI. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(3):218-232

Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

The effects of the well‑known peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) agonist rosiglitazone (Rosi) on brain‑derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nitric oxide (NO), and learning and memory were investigated in hypothyroid rats. Hypothyroidism was induced in immature Wistar rats by administration of propylthiouracil in drinking water. Rats were divided into four groups: control, hypothyroid, and hypothyroid treated with Rosi at doses of 2 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(3):207-217

Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China;

This study aimed to investigate β‑amyloid peptide (Aβ) plaques and changes of astroglia and microglia in mice with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, 18 transgenic mice with amyloid precursor protein (APP) /presenilin‑1 (PS1) were randomized into the Aβ3‑10‑KLH vaccine, Aβ1‑42 vaccine, and phosphate‑buffered saline (PBS) groups. The mice were injected at different time points. Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(2):196-206

School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, USA;

Glycogen metabolism shapes ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN) control of glucose homeostasis. Brain glycogen mass undergoes compensatory expansion post‑recovery from insulin‑induced hypoglycemia (IIH). Current research utilized combinatory high‑resolution microdissection/high‑sensitivity Western blotting to investigate whether IIH causes residual adjustments in glycogen metabolism within the metabolic‑sensory ventrolateral VMN (VMNvl). Read More

Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021 ;81(2):191-195

Department of Biotechnology, Saifia Science College, Bhopal, India;

Isocyanate is an intermediate compound used in the manufacturing of a number of pesticides. The aim of this study is to understand the mechanism of isocyanate in SHSY‑5Y neuroblastoma cells in vitro. Cells were treated with a chemical equivalent of isocyanate, i. Read More