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Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2019 Apr 6;79(4):365-374. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, München, Germany.

The diagnosis and treatment of pituitary disease in pregnancy represents a special clinical challenge. Not least because there is very little data on the treatment of pregnant patients with pituitary disorders. A selective search of the literature was carried out with the aim of compiling evidence about the diagnosis and treatment of pituitary disease in pregnancy. Read More

Nervenarzt 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland.

Despite characteristic symptoms the diagnosis of clinically relevant pituitary adenomas is often delayed until an advanced stage due to the rarity of the disease. The typical clinical manifestations are presented in this review article. The recent discovery of the USP8 mutation in Cushing's disease and of X‑linked acrogigantism (X-LAG) syndrome in early onset gigantism were milestones in the search for the molecular etiology of pituitary adenomas. Read More

Endocr Pract 2019 Apr;25(4):396-398

Environ Res 2019 Apr 8;173:489-496. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Division of Oncological Endocrinology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, I-10126, Turin, Italy. Electronic address:

Growth hormone (GH) secreting pituitary adenomas are the main cause of acromegaly. Somatostatin analogs are the gold standard of medical therapy; however, resistance represents a big drawback in acromegaly management. We recently demonstrated that benzene (BZ) modifies the aggressiveness of GH-secreting rat pituitary adenoma cells (GH3), increasing GH secretion and altering the synthesis of molecules involved in the somatostatin signaling pathway. Read More

J Endocrinol Invest 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.

Wien Klin Wochenschr 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Klinische Abteilung für Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich.

The heterogenous catagory "specific types of diabetes due to other causes" encompasses disturbances in glucose metabolism due to other endocrine disorders such as acromegaly or hypercortisolism, drug-induced diabetes (e. g. antipsychotic medications, glucocorticoids, immunosuppressive agents, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)), genetic forms of diabetes (e. Read More

EBioMedicine 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Neoplasia & Endocrine Differentiation P0L5, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Electronic address:

Background: Acromegaly is produced by excess growth hormone secreted by a pituitary adenoma of somatotroph cells (ACRO). First-line therapy, surgery and adjuvant therapy with somatostatin analogs, fails in 25% of patients. There is no predictive factor of resistance to therapy. Read More

Int J Endocrinol 2019 10;2019:1987417. Epub 2019 Mar 10.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2018/3015854.]. Read More

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Pituitary Center Rotterdam, Endocrinology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, Netherlands.

Sci Rep 2019 Apr 4;9(1):5646. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Endocrinology, PGIMER Chandigarh, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.

Impaired insulin sensitivity (IS) and β-cell dysfunction result in hyperglycaemia in patients of acromegaly. However, alterations in incretins and their impact on glucose-insulin homeostasis in these patients still remain elusive. Twenty patients of active acromegaly (10 each, with and without diabetes) underwent hyperinsulinemic euglycaemic clamp and mixed meal test, before and after surgery, to measure indices of IS, β-cell function, GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon response. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019 19;10:141. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Human phosphodiesterases (PDEs) comprise a complex superfamily of enzymes derived from 24 genes separated into 11 PDE gene families (PDEs 1-11), expressed in different tissues and cells, including heart and brain. The isoforms PDE4, PDE7, and PDE8 are specific for the second messenger cAMP, which is responsible for mediating diverse physiological actions involving different hormones and neurotransmitters. The cAMP pathway plays an important role in the development and function of endocrine tissues while phosphodiesterases are responsible for ensuring the appropriate intensity of the actions of this pathway by hydrolyzing cAMP to its inactive form 5'-AMP. Read More

Eur J Endocrinol 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

A Revah-Levy, ECSTRA Team, UMR-1153, Inserm, Universite Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France.

Context Acromegaly has a substantial diagnostic delay associated with an increased risk of comorbidities and psychosocial deterioration. Qualitative methods which focus on the ways that individuals understand and relate to what they are experiencing, are the best methods for exploring patients' perspectives. To the best of our knowledge, they have not been developed in the context of acromegaly. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019 7;10:120. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.

Patients with acromegaly frequently develop cardiovascular comorbidities, which significantly affect their morbidity and contribute to an increased all-cause mortality. In this regard, the most frequent complications that these patients may encounter include hypertension, cardiomyopathy, heart valve disease, arrhythmias, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. The specific underlying mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of these comorbidities are not always fully understood, but uncontrolled GH/IGF-I excess, age, prolonged disease duration, and coexistence of other cardio-vascular risk factors have been identified as significant influencing predisposing factors. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Mar 28. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, UK.

Arch Endocrinol Metab 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking, China.

Objectives: Our study aimed to investigate the associations of glucose tolerance status with insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and other clinical laboratory parameters of acromegalic patients before and after the patients underwent transsphenoidal adenomectomy (TSA) by conducting a single-center, retrospective study.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 218 patients with acromegaly who had undergone TSA as the first treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Serum IGF-I, growth hormone (GH) and glucose levels were measured before and after surgery. Read More

Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2019 Mar;34(1):53-62

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Sejong General Hospital, Bucheon, Korea.

The Korean Endocrine Society (KES) published clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acromegaly in 2011. Since then, the number of acromegaly cases, publications on studies addressing medical treatment of acromegaly, and demands for improvements in insurance coverage have been dramatically increasing. In 2017, the KES Committee of Health Insurance decided to publish a position statement regarding the use of somatostatin analogues in acromegaly. Read More

Semin Diagn Pathol 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114-2696, United States. Electronic address:

Neuroendocrine paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) consist of metabolic disorders that accompany benign and malignant neoplasms but remain unrelated to mass effects or invasion by the primary tumor or its metastases. The underlying pathogenesis responsible for PNS usual clinical presentation rely on aberrant production of protein hormones, proteins and other substances by the tumor. Prompt recognition of characteristic signs and symptoms combined with serological identification of key substances may result in early diagnosis of PNS and its underlying malignancy. Read More

Turk Neurosurg 2019 Mar 8. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine.

Aim: To investigate the added value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) sequences in predicting somatostatin analog (SSA) responses in patients with acromegaly.

Material And Methods: This study included 55 active acromegaly patients with macroadenoma. Mean and maximum signal intensities were measured using region of interests in T2-weighted (T2W) and DCE-MRI sequences. Read More

Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko 2019;83(1):98-104

Almazov National Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg, Russia.

For a long time, surgical removal of somatotropinoma using the transsphenoidal approach has been the first stage of treatment in most acromegaly patients. For the past decades, the efficacy criteria for surgical treatment of acromegaly have significantly changed, which requires appropriate correction.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the results of transsphenoidal adenomectomy in acromegaly patients using various criteria for disease remission. Read More

Nat Rev Dis Primers 2019 Mar 21;5(1):21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Nat Rev Dis Primers 2019 Mar 21;5(1):20. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.

Acromegaly is characterized by increased release of growth hormone and, consequently, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF1), most often by a pituitary adenoma. Prolonged exposure to excess hormone leads to progressive somatic disfigurement and a wide range of systemic manifestations that are associated with increased mortality. Although considered a rare disease, recent studies have reported an increased incidence of acromegaly owing to better disease awareness, improved diagnostic tools and perhaps a real increase in prevalence. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019 Mar 6. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'Hypophyse, Hôpital de Bicêtre, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; UMR-S1185 Université Paris-Sud, Univ Paris-Saclay, F-94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1185, F-94276 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France. Electronic address:

Acromegaly is a rare disease, associated with multiple organs and systems damage. Thanks to implementation of registries, systematic data gathering, knowledge sharing and standardizing medical practices for optimal care greatly improved. Data concerning 19 national acromegaly registries are available, involving more than 16,000 patients. Read More

Adv Clin Exp Med 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland.

Background: Ghrelin is a hormone that occurs in acylated (AG) or unacylated (UG) form. Ghrelin strongly stimulates growth hormone (GH) secretion from anterior pituitary, as well as regulates the energy balance and various metabolic parameters. Increased consideration is given to UG, thought to be inactive. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019 1;10:131. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.

Patients with acromegaly are at increased risk of developing certain tumors, including goiter and thyroid nodules, and occasionally autonomous thyroid nodules. A 53-year-old woman presented at our hospital with untreated acromegaly. She had typical physical features of acromegaly with pituitary adenoma, and thyrotoxicosis with thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression was also confirmed. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.

Introduction: Pegvisomant (PEG) in monotherapy or combined with somatostatin analogs (SSAs) is used to control acromegaly, improving metabolism. However, the metabolic changes induced by PEG have not been systematically reviewed.

Objective: To address the following questions: Does 1) PEG or 2) the combination of PEG and SSAs affect fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose load (2h-OGTT), insulin levels (FPI), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and β-cell function (HOMA-I and HOMA-β), triglycerides (TGDs), total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol or body mass index? 3) Are the effects disease-related or drug-related?

Data Sources: Indexed databases up to January 2019. Read More

Endocr Pract 2019 Mar 13. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.

Objective: To investigate in vivo correlates of erectile dysfunction (ED) in male patients with acromegaly.

Methods: 51 male patients with acromegaly were assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) and Acromegaly Quality of Life (Acro-QoL) questionnaires. The measurement of serum nitric oxide (NO) were performed in patients and age-matched non-acromegalic controls. Read More

Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Department of Endocrinology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Carrer de la Feixa Llarga, s/n, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.

In 2017, the World Health Organization established that pituicytoma, granular cell tumor (GCT), spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO) and sellar ependymomas (SE) are posterior pituitary tumors (PPT). They probably arise from the pituicytes and may constitute a unique histopathological entity. We carried out a systematic review using PubMed's database. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Mar 9. Epub 2019 Mar 9.

Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Chikushino-city, Japan.

Background: Acromegaly caused by Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC) mimicking a plurihormonal pituitary adenoma (PA) is rare.

Case Description: We report a 71-year-old woman who presented with hyperhidrosis in 2013. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed in April 2018 revealed that the patient had a pituitary tumor, and she was referred to our hospital. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2019 Mar 13;13(1):85. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.

Introduction: Clinically silent somatotroph adenoma is characterized by elevated serum growth hormone but without the clinical symptoms of acromegaly, and it is considered rare. The natural history is not well understood, progress to symptomatic is uncertain, and treatment strategy has not been established.

Case Presentation: The first patient was a 48-year-old-Asian woman who presented with serum growth hormone 6. Read More

Endocr Connect 2019 Mar 1. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

A Beckers, Service d'Endocrinologie, CHU de Liège, Liege, Belgium.

Acromegaly is a rare disease due to chronic excess growth hormone (GH) and IGF-1. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) mutations are associated with an aggressive, inheritable form of acromegaly that responds poorly to SST2-specific somatostatin analogs (SSA). The role of pasireotide, an SSA with affinity for multiple SSTs, in patients with AIP mutations has not been reported. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Mar 5. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan.

Background: Removal of the medial wall of the cavernous sinus (MW) remains a challenging obstacle for neurosurgeons. Here, we describe a practical method of endoscopic MW removal via endonasal transsphenoidal approach to minimalize intraoperative blood loss and postoperative morbidities. In addition, we present the pathological significance of this technique for functional pituitary adenomas (FPAs). Read More

J Cell Mol Med 2019 Mar 6. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Unidad de Gestión de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.

Acromegaly is a rare disease resulting from hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) typically caused by pituitary adenomas, which is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Somatostatin analogues (SSAs) represent the primary medical therapy for acromegaly and are currently used as first-line treatment or as second-line therapy after unsuccessful pituitary surgery. However, a considerable proportion of patients do not adequately respond to SSAs treatment, and therefore, there is an urgent need to identify biomarkers predictors of response to SSAs. Read More

Endokrynol Pol 2019 ;70(1):2-18

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University, Lodz, Poland.

Acromegaly is a rare disease caused by excessive production of growth hormone (GH), typically by a pituitary tumour. The diagnosis is usually delayed, and patients frequently develop various complications that cause premature mortality. In patients with hypertension, heart failure, diabetes, and arthropathies that are not age-specific, attention should be paid to signs of acromegaly. Read More

Endokrynol Pol 2019 ;70(1):74-85

Deptartment of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Isotope Therapy, Medical University Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.

Acromegaly is a rare, chronic condition caused by growth hormone (GH) overproduction, usually due to a benign tumour of the pituitary gland. During the disease many complications occur, including cardiovascular disease and changes in the musculoskeletal, respiratory, and endocrine systems. Treatment includes surgery, medical therapy, and radiation. Read More

Endocr Connect 2019 Mar 1. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

M Korbonits, Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Background: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) is evolutionarily conserved and expressed widely throughout the organism. Loss-of-function AIP mutations predispose to young-onset pituitary adenomas. AIP co-localizes with growth hormone in normal and tumorous somatotroph secretory vesicles. Read More

J Prosthodont 2019 Apr 12;28(4):355-360. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT.

Acromegaly is an adult endocrine disorder that results from excessive growth hormone after closure of the growth plates and is associated with significant morbidity and increased mortality. The orofacial features of patients with acromegaly are thick lips with a tendency towards mandibular overgrowth with prognathism, jaw thickening, maxillary widening, drifting of teeth, malocclusion, and increased gonial angle, all of which can challenge the prosthodontist in dental rehabilitation. Additionally, excessive secretion of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors have been shown to increase bone turnover, which in turn leads to weakening of bone microarchitecture and high risk of fragility fractures. Read More

Pituitary 2019 Apr;22(2):187-194

Pituitary Unit of the Division of Neurosurgery, IRCCS San Raffaele, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.

Purpose: Acromegaly may be associated with an increased risk of complex intraoperative management and anesthetic complications. No study addressed whether pretreatment with somatostatin receptor ligands (SRLs) affects anesthesiologic management.

Methods: We studied 211 consecutive acromegalic patients who had a recorded intraoperative computerized anesthetic record (ICAR) available for analysis. Read More

Vnitr Lek Winter 2019;65(1):51-54

Acromegaly is a rare disorder usually caused by a benign tumour of the pituitary gland. Long-term presence of elevated growth hormone (GH) and insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF1) levels accompanying this disease is associated with complications such as cardiomyopathy, diabetes mellitus, sleep apnoea and arthropathy. Incidence of acromegaly is 3-4 patients per million per year. Read More

Endocr Connect 2019 Mar 1. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

A Soto, Division of Endocrinology, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain.

Background: Pituitary adenomas have a high disease burden due to tumor growth/invasion and disordered hormonal secretion. Germline mutations in genes such as MEN1 and AIP are associated with early onset of aggressive pituitary adenomas that can be resistant to medical therapy.

Aims: We performed a retrospective screening study using published risk criteria to assess the frequency of AIP and MEN1 mutations in pituitary adenoma patients in a tertiary-referral center. Read More

Growth Horm IGF Res 2019 04 18;45:20-24. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Objective: GH excess in acromegaly leads to lower fat mass and insulin resistance; both reverse following pituitary surgery. Soluble delta like-1 homolog (sDlk1) inhibits adipocyte differentiation and may mediate the antiadipogenic effects of GH. It is released into the circulation by ectodomain shedding through 'A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase domain 17' (ADAM17), which also sheds soluble α-Klotho (sKlotho). Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2019 Jan 5;2(1):e00033. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Unit of Endocrinology Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy.

Context: Therapy with somatostatin analogues (SSAs) may have deleterious effects on glucose metabolism in patients with acromegaly, often leading to the development of diabetes mellitus (DM).

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate whether DM, developed during therapy with SSAs, may revert after drug withdrawal and cure of acromegaly with pituitary adenomectomy.

Design: Retrospective cohort study, in a tertiary referral centre. Read More

Endocrine 2019 Apr 23;64(1):196-199. Epub 2019 Feb 23.

Pituitary Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.

Pituitary 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.

World Neurosurg 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Electronic address:

Objective: Pituitary adenomas comprise about 3% of all intracranial tumors in pediatric patients. This study examines the role of stereotactic radiosurgery in the management of pediatric acromegaly or patients with Cushing disease (CD).

Methods: From an international consortium, we retrospectively collected treatment and outcome data on pediatric adrenocorticotrophic hormone and growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas treated with Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS). Read More

J Med Case Rep 2019 Feb 21;13(1):39. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Background: Pachydermoperiostosis (PDP) is a rare disorder characterized by clubbing of the fingers, thickening of the skin (pachyderma), and excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis). It typically appears during childhood or adolescence, often around the time of puberty, and progresses slowly. Clinical presentations of PDP can be confused with secondary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid acropachy, and acromegaly. Read More

Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019 8;4. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

1Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Human growth hormone (GH) is a classical pituitary endocrine hormone that is essential for normal postnatal growth and has pleiotropic effects across multiple physiological systems. GH is also expressed in extrapituitary tissues and has localized autocrine/paracrine effects at these sites. In adults, hypersecretion of GH causes acromegaly, and strategies that block the release of GH or that inhibit GH receptor (GHR) activation are the primary forms of medical therapy for this disease. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Endocrinology Department, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante-ISABIAL-FISABIO, Alicante, Spain.

Objectives: The ACROSTART study was intended to determine the time to achieve normalization of GH and IGF-I levels in responding patients with acromegaly administered different dosage regimens of lanreotide Autogel (Somatuline Autogel).

Methods: From March 2013 to October 2013, clinical data from 57 patients from 17 Spanish hospitals with active acromegaly treated with lanreotide for ≥4 months who achieved hormonal control (GH levels <2.5ng/ml and/or normalized IGF-I levels in ≥2 measurements) were analyzed. Read More

Growth Horm IGF Res 2019 04 3;45:17-19. Epub 2019 Feb 3.

Department of Human Pathology 'G.Barresi', University of Messina, Italy.

The GH-receptor antagonist pegvisomant (PEG) reduces peripheral IGF-1 synthesis and is used to treat acromegaly patients resistant or intolerant to somatostatin analogues (SSA). Medical therapy is generally life-long in patients with acromegaly, since disease remission is very uncommon after SSA discontinuation and has never been reported after PEG withdrawal. Here, we report for the first time the cases of two acromegaly patients treated with PEG monotherapy for many years because of resistance to SSA, who persistently maintained normal serum IGF-1 levels after PEG withdrawal. Read More