BMC Med Genet 2018 Jan 22;19(1):14. Epub 2018 Jan 22.

Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.

Background: Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome is an autosomal dominant hereditary condition caused by mutations in the folliculin-encoding gene FLCN (NM_144997). It is associated with skin lesions such as fibrofolliculoma, acrochordon and trichodiscoma; pulmonary lesions including spontaneous pneumothorax and pulmonary cysts and renal cancer.

Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood samples of the propositi and their family members. Read More

Clin Dermatol 2018 Jan - Feb;36(1):81-88. Epub 2017 Sep 8.

Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Medeniyet University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

The cutaneous manifestations of obesity and the associated metabolic syndrome (MetS) may present with a wide variety of cutaneous findings, including acanthosis nigricans, acrochordon, cellulitis, psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, acne, and hirsutism. Being aware of such clinical signs and the underlying systemic disorders may facilitate earlier diagnoses, thereby permitting earlier of therapy initiation and prevention of long-term sequelae. In this process, dermatologists are key figures in the early detection of MetS and its clinical manifestations. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2017 Jun;42(6):461-462

From the Departments of *Nuclear Medicine, and †Dermatology, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey.

Ga prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT is a promising tool for imaging of prostate cancer. Ga-PSMA PET/CT uptake of prostate cancer and its metastases are reflective of significant overexpression of PSMA. However, PSMA expression of benign neoplasms and nonprostate epithelial malignancies is not very well defined. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2016 Sep-Oct;7(5):390-392

Department of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.

Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are uncommon soft tissue tumors which present as papulonodular lesions and are often diagnosed histopathologically. These usually develop in adulthood and are considered to be of Schwann cell origin. Most of the lesions are benign, but malignant lesions with poor prognosis are known to occur. Read More

Med J Armed Forces India 2016 Jan 22;72(1):67-70. Epub 2014 Nov 22.

Professor & Head, Army College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; Consultant (Pathology), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt, India.

Background: Nevus Lipomatosis Cutaneous Superficialis (NLCS) is a rare, benign hamartomatous lesion characterized by the ectopic presence of mature adipocytes in the reticular dermis not associated with the underlying subcutaneous tissue. Two clinical forms-classical and solitary occur. The solitary form is relatively uncommon, due to which these lesions are commonly clinically misdiagnosed. Read More

J Clin Diagn Res 2016 Jan 1;10(1):BC09-11. Epub 2016 Jan 1.

Assistant Professor, Department of Dermatology, M R Medical College , Kalaburgi, India .

Introdction: Acrochordon or fibroepithelial polyp, commonly known as Skin tags (STs) are one of the most common benign skin condition, consisting of skin projecting from the surrounding skin, usually occurring on the eyelids, neck and axillae. Studies have found an association of STs with conditions such as obesity, diabetes mellitus and atherogenic lipid profile. Abdominal obesity and the consequent insulin resistance are said be important contributing factors for diabetes, dyslipidaemia and cardiovascular disease. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2015 Nov-Dec;6(6):436-8

Department of Dermatology, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2015 Nov;25(11):839-40

Department of Surgery, Diyarbakir Education and Research Hospital, 21400, Diyarbakir, Turkey.

Acrochordons commonly develop from skin on the neck and axillar region, but may be found on any region of body. Although some predisposing factors have been implicated, the definite etiology has yet to be determined. We report the case of a 46-year female patient who presented with a large mass lesion on the inner aspect of the thigh. Read More

J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2015 Sep;105(5):440-2

We report on a 63-year-old male who was found to have an acrochordon on his plantar foot. Although acrochordons constitute a common benign clinical finding, this observation represents, to our knowledge, only the second case reported on the foot and the first occuring on the plantar surface. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2016 Jan 14;33(1):79-83. Epub 2015 Jul 14.

Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Objective: There are limited reports studying on congenital cutaneous anomalies in newborns, particularly in Turkey. Some of congenital cutaneous anomalies serve as an important clue for accompanying syndromes or other medical conditions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of congenital cutaneous anomalies in newborns and to discuss their clinical significance with a brief review of literature. Read More

J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2015 Apr-Jun;8(2):119-20

Department of Dermatology, Army College of Medical Sciences, Base Hospital, Delhi Cantonment, New Delhi, India E-mail:

BMJ Case Rep 2015 Jul 3;2015. Epub 2015 Jul 3.

Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.

Acrochordons or fibroepithelial polyps, are very common skin lesions. However, giant acrochordons are extremely rare. We present a case of a morbidly obese diabetic man who was treated with primary excision of a giant 18 cm acrochordon of the left axilla. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2015 Aug 5;39(4):644-5. Epub 2015 Jun 5.

Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Bulent Ecevit University, A blok Kat:3, Kozlu, Zonduldak, Turkey,

Skin tags (acrochordon) are skin colored or hyperpigmented, usually pedunculated benign skin lesions and often occur on the neck, axilla, and groin regions. It is difficult choice to excise these multiple, widespread, and pedinculated lesions with or without local anesthesia. One option is to infiltrate local anesthesia to every single skin tag, while cutting pedicle with single move is another option. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2015 Jan-Feb;6(1):60-1

Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey.

Pan Afr Med J 2014 18;18:227. Epub 2014 Jul 18.

Service de Dermatologie, CHU Ibn Sina, Université Med V, Souissi, Rabat, Maroc.

Dermatopathology (Basel) 2014 Aug-Dec;1(2):55-69. Epub 2014 Oct 23.

Department of Pathology, Albany Medical College, Albany, N.Y., USA.

Herein, we report the case of a 12-year-old female who noted the recent onset of an oval, circumscribed, 10-cm papillomatous plaque affecting the thigh and vulva that showed histologic signs of lymphedema without evidence of secondary lymphedema. The sequencing of genes associated with a delayed onset of lymphedema or epidermal nevi (EN) - GATA2 and GJC2, and HRAS and KRAS, respectively - showed wild-type alleles. Polymerase chain reaction for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA demonstrated infections with 15 HPV genotypes. Read More

J Emerg Med 2013 May 21;44(5):e361-2. Epub 2013 Feb 21.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

J Cutan Pathol 2012 Dec 21;39(12):1131-4. Epub 2012 Sep 21.

Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

We present the case of a 77-year-old male undergoing treatment for mycosis fungoides (MF) who presented for removal of an acrochordon on his mid back. Histopathologic examination of the acrochordon revealed a dense, band-like lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis with epidermotropism of single lymphocytes and small nests of lymphocytes into the lower epidermis. Immunohistochemical staining characterized the dermal and epidermal lymphocytic population as CD3-positive T lymphocytes with a predominance of CD4-positive over CD8-positive lymphocytes. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2012 Sep;22(9):613-4

Am Fam Physician 2012 Jun;85(12):1191-2

East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, USA.

Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2011 Dec;37(3):110-1

Indian J Dermatol 2011 Nov;56(6):641-6

Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt .

Background: Skin tags (ST) are common benign tumors of the skin but their etiopathogenesis is not well understood. STs arise in sites subjected to trauma. It was proved that mast cells are recruited to sites of skin trauma and increase their tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) content. Read More

Arch Dermatol 2012 Jan;148(1):136-7

Eur J Dermatol 2012 Jan-Feb;22(1):106-10

Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Adivar Caddesi PK 34096, Aksaray, 34096 Istanbul, Turkey.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between acrochordons and the components of metabolic syndrome (MS). A total of 192 patients with at least one skin tag and 104 controls having no skin tag seen at an academic outpatient dermatology clinic were involved. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) values were measured. Read More

Cutis 2011 Aug;88(2):62-4

New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.

The accessory tragus is a relatively common benign congenital anomaly. The tragus is a cartilaginous projection that normally occurs anterior to the external auditory meatus. Although aberrancy of the tragus may occur in isolation and is exclusively derived from the first branchial arch, it may occasionally signal a defect in the first or second branchial arches. Read More

Indian J Dermatol 2011 Mar;56(2):160-4

Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, and Diabetic Clinic, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Bijapur - 586 103, Karnataka, India.

Background: The metabolic complications and pathologic changes that occur in diabetes mellitus (DM) influence the occurrence of various dermatoses.

Aim: To study the impact of control of diabetes on the pattern of cutaneous disorders.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of patients attending diabetic clinic in a tertiary care hospital. Read More

Actas Dermosifiliogr 2010 Sep 4;101(7):637-640. Epub 2010 Aug 4.

Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhague, Dinamarca.

Patients with Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome have an increased risk of developing hamartomas of the pilosebaceous unit, renal tumors of various types, lung cysts, and spontaneous pneumothorax. We present the case of a 54-year-old woman with a long history of whitish papules in the central region of the face and a family history of similar lesions. Biopsy and genetic study revealed a new mutation of the gene involved in Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome. Read More

Anticancer Res 2010 Mar;30(3):751-7

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, IRCCS San Raffaele, Via della Pisana 235, 00163, Rome, Italy.

The Birt Hogg Dubé syndrome (BHD) is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis predisposing patients to developing fibrofolliculoma, trichodiscoma and acrochordon. The syndrome is caused by germline mutations in the folliculin (FLCN) gene, encoding the folliculin tumor-suppressor protein. Numerous mutations have been described in the FLCN gene, the most frequent occurring within a C8 tract of exon 11. Read More

Actas Dermosifiliogr 2009 Dec;100(10):899-902

Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.

Fibroepithelioma of Pinkus is considered to be a rare variant of basal cell carcinoma with well-defined histopathological features. Clinical diagnosis often requires differentiation from benign lesions such as acrochordon, intradermal melanocytic nevus, neurofibroma, seborrheic keratosis, and even malignant lesions such as amelanotic melanoma. Dermoscopy of this type of lesion is not extensively described in the literature, though it usually presents certain specific characteristics that suggest the diagnosis and, therefore, an appropriate therapeutic approach. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2009 Oct;34(7):e432-3

Dermatol Surg 2009 Nov 1;35(11):1804-5. Epub 2009 Sep 1.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Christian Medical College, Tamilnadu, India.

J Craniofac Surg 2009 Mar;20(2):573-5

Oxford Craniofacial Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Nasal reconstruction has key functional aims of achieving an optimal esthetic result while maintaining a patent airway. For the distal third of the nose, these goals are achieved by replacement of lining, osseocartilaginous support, and soft tissue coverage. The use of skin tags for reconstruction of the ear have been well documented, yet to our knowledge, there are no reported cases of their use in reconstruction of the nose. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2009 May 23;60(5):857-61. Epub 2009 Feb 23.

Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain.

Background: Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) is an autosomal-dominant disease characterized by the early onset of multiple basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), among other findings. Clinically, the BCCs may appear as soft pedunculated neoplasms that can be mistaken for true acrochordons.

Objective: We sought to describe the dermatoscopic characteristics of small acrochordon-like or polypoid BCCs in a child with GGS, and to perform histopathologic correlation. Read More

Ann Diagn Pathol 2008 Dec 24;12(6):440-4. Epub 2007 Oct 24.

Division of Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology, University of Virginia Medical Center, PO Box 800214, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.

Three cases of cutaneous pseudosarcomatous polyp, a lesion recently described in the dermatopathology literature, are reported here. These benign proliferations display dramatic cytologic pleomorphism, but despite their disquieting morphological features, they have behaved in a benign fashion to date. All 3 lesions in this study were clinically innocuous, with 1 having been present for 1 year and another for 2 years. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2008 Jan 15;14(1). Epub 2008 Jan 15.

Department of Dermatology and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India.

Non-venereal dermatoses tend to be confused with venereal diseases, which may be responsible for mental distress and guilt feelings in patients. We conducted the study to find the pattern of non-venereal dermatoses of female external genitalia and to correlate non-venereal dermatoses with various clinical parameters. The study included 120 female patients with non-venereal dermatoses of female external genitalia presenting over a period of 22 months from September 2005 to June 2007. Read More

J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2008 Jan;1(1):21-2

Consultant Dermatologist, A-1, Dhanjibhai Complex, Usmanpura, Ahmedabad 13, Gujarat, India.

Acrochordons are usually small in size and are easily treated with electrofulguration under local anaesthesia. Here is a report of a giant acrochordon which posed problems in management. A technique to manage it under local anaesthesia in an office setting is described. Read More

Actas Dermosifiliogr 2007 Apr;98(3):171-7

Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Comarcal de Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.

Introduction: Lack of diagnostic skill in cutaneous surgery may lead to erroneous and potentially detrimental therapies. This study compares the diagnosis and treatment in cutaneous surgery, including cryotherapy, between a dermatologist and family physicians.

Methods: It is an observational, prospective study on a random sample of patients that consulted the dermatologist for candidate lesions. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2007 May 1;13(2):21. Epub 2007 May 1.

Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO, USA.

Basal cell nevus syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by multiple basal cell carcinomas, along with numerous other documented clinical features. Acrochordons (or skin tags) are common benign neoplasms that are appropriately left untreated in most patients. We describe two patients with known BCNS who were found to have multiple BCCs that clinically resembled acrochordons. Read More

Prenat Diagn 2006 Nov;26(11):1065-7

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah University Hospital-Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel.

Background: Skin tags, or acrochordons, are benign, soft, fleshy tumors that are composed of hyperplastic epidermis covering a dermal connective tissue stalk.

Methods: Case report of a congenital perineal skin tag that presented as a perineal tumor during second-trimester sonographic scan at 23 weeks' gestation. Literature review of the medical literature using Pubmed(R) and the search terms acrochordon, fibroepithelial polyp (FEP), and skin tag. Read More

Int Urol Nephrol 2004 ;36(4):563-5

Clinics of Urology, Ankara Teaching and Research Hospital, Ministry of Health, Ankara, Turkey.

Acrochordons are flesh-coloured pedunculated lesions which occur in areas of skin folds. Although they are common in other sites of the body, we report the first case of huge penile acrochordon in the literature. Clinical, pathological and surgical findings of this lesion were presented and discussed. Read More

Br J Dermatol 2005 Jan;152(1):142-5

Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.

Background: Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by skin tumours, including multiple fibrofolliculomas, trichodiscomas and acrochordons. BHD patients also may suffer from associated renal and colonic carcinomas. The defective gene in BHD has been recently identified and is suspected of being a tumour suppressor gene. Read More

Dermatol Surg 2004 Feb;30(2 Pt 2):349-50

Dermatology and Pathology, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.

Acrochordons (skin tags) are often considered clinically insignificant cutaneous redundancies that should be removed and destroyed with no histopathologic analysis performed. One rarely finds another neoplasm within an acrochordon. We describe a patient with an acrochordon that contained a squamous cell carcinoma that had features resembling a keratoacanthoma. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2003 Oct;49(4):698-705

Department of Sermatology, University of Pennsyvania, Schoool of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.

Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) was originally described in 1977 as the grouping of 3 skin tumors-the fibrofolliculoma, trichodiscoma, and acrochordon-in family members with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. In recent years it has become clear that these 3 lesions likely represent only 1 of these tumors, the fibrofolliculoma. More important, evidence now supports a definite susceptibility to malignant renal tumors and pulmonary disease in patients with BHDS. Read More

Acta Diabetol 2002 Jun;39(2):57-9

Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey.

Acrochordons were reported to have a probable association with diabetes mellitus but detailed data about this relation has not been introduced yet. We evaluated 120 patients with acrochordon for the presence of impaired carbohydrate metabolism. Overt diabetes mellitus (DM) was found in 88 patients and glucose intolerance was detected in 6 patients; 4 patients had reactive hypoglycemia. Read More

Exp Dermatol 2002 Jun;11(3):203-8

Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, USA.

Chronic ulcerative stomatitis protein (CUSP), the most abundant cutaneous isoform of p63, is a p53-related gene essential for epithelial development. CUSP lacks the N-terminal transactivation domain found on other p53 family members and has been shown to inhibit p53 function in vitro. In this study, biopsies of normal skin (21 of 21), benign neoplasms [seborrheic keratosis (3 of 3), acrochordon (2 of 3), and verruca plana (3 of 3)], and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) (4 of 4) displayed strong nuclear CUSP immuno-reactivity in epidermal cells. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2001 May;44(5):789-94

Division of Dermatology, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, USA.

Background: Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) is a genodermatosis with autosomal dominant inheritance. In identified kindreds the diagnosis is relatively easy, but for the patients without family history of this syndrome a high clinical suspicion is necessary for diagnosis.

Objective: Acrochordons are distinctly uncommon in childhood. Read More

J Cutan Pathol 2000 Aug;27(7):344-50

Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.

Background: Epidermal hyperplasia in melanocytic nevi is a common but little-investigated phenomenon.

Methods: We prospectively examined all melanocytic nevi diagnosed in our department over an 8-month period, for the criteria of keratotic melanocytic nevus (KMN), namely the presence of marked epidermal hyperplasia with or without horn pseudocyst formation, hyperkeratosis, and papillomatosis. In addition to routine histologic review, we studied 12 representative cases with immunohistochemistry to examine expression of Ki-67, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Bcl-2, and Bax. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 1999 Aug;21(4):369-74

Service of Dermatology, Hospital Provincial, Pontevedra, Spain.

Multiple fibrofolliculomas, trichodiscomas, and acrochordons compose the triad of cutaneous lesions characterizing the Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. We report a case of a family who had the triad of tumors of the Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome. Two members were observed clinically and histologically. Read More