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Clin Exp Dermatol 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Dermatology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic autoinflammatory skin disorder characterized by recurrent painful nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts, and scarring on intertriginous body areas. Perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens (PCAS) is a component of the follicular occlusion tetrad along with HS, acne conglobata, and pilonidal cyst. We report a case of HS with PCAS that was successfully treated with adalimumab, a human anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) monoclonal antibody. Read More

J Dermatol 2021 Apr 19;48(4):431-438. Epub 2021 Feb 19.

Laboratory of Intestinal Mucosa and Skin Immunology, Seoul, Korea.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) presents with various extraintestinal manifestations. As part of them, various skin diseases are suggested to be related to IBD. We aimed to identify the epidemiology and risk of developing skin manifestations in patients with IBD. Read More

Drugs R D 2021 Mar 2;21(1):29-37. Epub 2021 Jan 2.

Department of Dermatology, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.

Background And Objective: Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp is a primary scarring alopecia. Isotretinoin is commonly referenced in the literature as a treatment for dissecting cellulitis. The objective of this article was to conduct a review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of isotretinoin for treating dissecting cellulitis of the scalp. Read More

J Transl Autoimmun 2020 20;3:100071. Epub 2020 Nov 20.

Department of Dermatology, The Saarland University Hospital, 66421, Homburg, Germany.

In the last decade, new scientific findings significantly improved our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of autoinflammation and have resulted in the identification and definition of several pyoderma gangrenosum-associated autoinflammatory syndromes (PGAAIS) as new and distinct clinical entities. These different clinical entities include PAPA (pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum and acne conglobata), PASH (pyoderma gangrenosum, acne and suppurative hidradenitis), PAPASH (pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, suppurative hidradenitis and pyogenic arthritis), PsAPASH (pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, suppurative hidradenitis and psoriatic arthritis), PASS (pyoderma gangrenosum, acne conglobata, suppurative hidradenitis, and axial spondyloarthritis) and PAC (pyoderma gangrenosum, acne and ulcerative colitis), which can be distinguished by their clinical presentation and the presence or absence of mutations in several genes, such as the genes encoding proline-serine-threonine phosphatase-interacting protein 1 (PSTPIP1), nicastrin (NCSTN), Mediterranean fever (MEFV) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein (NOD). In this systematic review, we summarize the present knowledge of this rapidly developing hot topic and provide a guide to enable the easy diagnosis of these syndromes in everyday clinical practice. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2021 01 25;34(1):e14553. Epub 2020 Nov 25.

Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Saginaw, Michigan, USA.

Dis Mon 2021 Apr 9;67(4):101103. Epub 2020 Oct 9.

Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, 1000 Oakland Drive, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-1284, United States.

Acne vulgaris is a chronic, inflammatory, skin condition that involves the pilosebaceous follicles and is influenced by a variety of factors including genetics, androgen-stimulation of sebaceous glands with abnormal keratinization, colonization with Cutibacterium acnes (previously called Propionibacterium acnes), and pathological immune response to inflammation. Acne can occur at all ages and this discussion focuses on the first three decades of life. Conditions that are part of the differential diagnosis and/or are co-morbid with acne vulgaris are also considered. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2020 Aug 18;8(8):e3015. Epub 2020 Aug 18.

Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass.

Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS) is a part of the follicular occlusion tetrad (hidradenitis, acne conglobata, and pilonidal disease). It is a spectrum disorder that can be severe and refractory to medical management. The authors describe 3 such cases successfully treated with surgical resection and reconstruction and present a scoring system for timely referral of such patients to a reconstructive surgical team. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2020 Aug 15;26(8). Epub 2020 Aug 15.

McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Houston, Houston, TX.

Multiple prescription medications may cause or aggravate acne. A number of dietary supplements have also been linked to acne, including those containing vitamins B6/B12, iodine, and whey, as well as "muscle building supplements" that may be contaminated with anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS). Acne linked to dietary supplements generally resolves following supplement discontinuation. Read More

Int J Trichology 2020 Jan-Feb;12(1):35-37. Epub 2020 Apr 9.

Division of Dermatology, Al-Sadr Teaching Hospital, Basra, Iraq.

Acne conglobata (AC) is a rare form of severe and chronic nodulocystic acne. It is characterized by nodulocystic lesions, borrowing, interconnecting abscesses, scars, in addition to grouped comedones. AC usually appears on the trunk and may extend to the buttocks. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2020 Feb 15;26(2). Epub 2020 Feb 15.

Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.

Follicular occlusion triad is a symptom complex of three conditions with a similar pathophysiology including hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), dissecting cellulitis of the scalp, and acne conglobata. Although the exact pathogenesis of the triad is unknown, it appears to be related to follicular occlusion in areas with apocrine glands. Wolf isotopic response refers to the occurrence of a new dermatosis at the site of another, unrelated, previously healed dermatosis. Read More

Dermatology 2020 6;236(1):15-20. Epub 2020 Jan 6.

ResoVerneuil, Paris, France,

Background: The factors that determine whether an area of the body will be affected by hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) are unknown.

Methods: To address these factors, we performed multivariate regression analyses in a cohort of 1,138 patients.

Results: We found that the body sites affected occurred in specific combinations that were influenced by sex and body mass index. Read More

Sao Paulo Med J 2019;137(4):363-368. Epub 2019 Oct 31.

MD, PhD. Dermatologist and Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, Escola Paulista de Medina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.

Background: Acne needs to be treated early to prevent negative psychosocial impacts. In severe or moderate forms, which tend to leave scars, oral isotretinoin is the first-line therapy. However, concern about its adverse events, especially in developed countries, delays effective treatment. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019 Oct;33 Suppl 6:36-39

Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

The case of a 24-year-old male patient affected by follicular occlusion tetrad (acne conglobata, hidradenitis suppurativa, pilonidal cyst and dissecting cellulitis of the scalp) associated with clinical signs of pachyonychia congenita (PC)-2 (focal palmoplantar keratoderma, plantar pain, onycodystrophy and multiple cysts) is reported. The diagnosis was supported by genetic analysis that showed heterozygous mutation within the exon 1 of KRT17 gene. This case may reflect different expressions of a phenotypic spectrum induced by a common genetic alteration. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2019 Sep 10;7(9):1769-1772. Epub 2019 Aug 10.

FB Dermatology Denmark Limited Aps. Ballerup Denmark.

The Kleresca biophotonic platform utilizing fluorescent light energy (FLE) effectively treated both acne conglobata and hidradenitis suppurativa. FLE decreased the presence of inflammatory nodules, cysts, and associated erythema. It also supported a healing response to improve skin texture. Read More

Ann Dermatol 2019 Aug 1;31(Suppl):S59-S61. Epub 2019 Jul 1.

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.

BMC Dermatol 2019 07 23;19(1):11. Epub 2019 Jul 23.

Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa is one member of the follicular occlusion triad: acne conglobata, hidradenitis suppurativa, and dissecting cellulitis of the scalp. The presence of acantholysis and desmoglein autoantibodies in hidradenitis suppurativa is rare.

Case Presentation: We report a case of 68-year-old male with a diagnosis of gluteal hidradenitis suppurativa co-presenting pemphigus-like findings including acantholysis and positive desmoglein autoantibodies. Read More

J Dermatol 2019 Sep 4;46(9):802-807. Epub 2019 Jul 4.

Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens (PCAS) or dissecting cellulitis is a rare condition presenting deep follicular occlusions, follicular ruptures and follicular infections in the scalp area with unknown etiology, which consequently cause primary neutrophilic cicatricial alopecia by the repeated follicular inflammation. PCAS is categorized as one of the "follicular occlusion tetrad" along with hidradenitis suppurativa, acne conglobata and pilonidal cyst. In the pathogenesis of the follicular occlusion tetrad, the involvement of neutrophils and its activator tumor necrosis factor (TNF) have been discussed. Read More

Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2019 May;80(5):258-262

Consultant Geriatrician, Proactive Care of Older People undergoing Surgery (POPS), Department of Ageing & Health, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London.

As a consequence of an ageing population greater numbers of elderly patients are presenting for both elective and emergency surgery. These older patients typically present with an increased burden of age-related problems and multimorbidity, which is associated with an increased risk of adverse postoperative outcomes. Traditional preoperative assessment models are adept at discerning patients' suitability for anaesthesia and surgery, but there is minimal focus on improving postoperative outcomes. Read More

J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2019 08 6;17(8):837-838. Epub 2019 May 6.

Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Jena, Jena, Germany.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Apr;98(16):e15263

Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Rationale: Follicular occlusion triad (FOT) is an autosomal recessive inherited disease and no more than 3 variants of the triad have been reported. We give a report in which scrotal elephantiasis is a variant of FOT and further perform a literature review.

Patient Concerns: A 41-year-old man came to us because of a large scrotal cyst and generalized skin lesions that had occurred over the past 10 years. Read More

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2019 Jan 28;56(5):441-446. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

SPRIM Américas México, Gerencia de Investigación Clínica. Ciudad de México, México

Background: The use of isotretinoin is indicated in the treatment of severe acne; however, its adverse effects are important.

Objective: To update the first Mexican Consensus on the use of isotretinoin in severe acne vulgaris, which took place in 2009.

Methods: It was carried out a literature search between June 2009, and February 2015, in order to evaluate topics to be discussed; materials were sent to the experts to promote the debate among participants. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2019 Jun 7;80(6):1533-1537. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Dermatology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York. Electronic address:

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) are reported to coexist, although the prevalence of PG among patients with HS has not been systematically evaluated.

Objective: To evaluate PG prevalence among patients with HS.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of adults with PG among patients with HS and patients without HS through use of electronic health records data from a population-based sample of 55 million patients. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2019 Oct 22;44(7):777-780. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Department of Dermatology, Tallaght University Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland.

We report eight cases of patients with severe acne who were treated with isotretinoin and developed painful nodules in the axillae and groin, consistent with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). The pathogenesis of HS is still not completely understood; recent research from a study in 2011 of biopsies from HS lesions showed a reduction or absence of sebaceous glands compared with normal skin in patients with HS, with the report suggesting that this contributes to the pathogenesis of the disease. Interestingly, the main effect of isotretinoin is to decrease the size and action of sebaceous glands, so hypothetically, as isotretinoin acts by reducing the sebaceous glands further it could potentially aggravate HS. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2019 Oct 17;44(7):804-806. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Department of Dermatology, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, West Midlands, UK.

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2019 Jan 5;146(1):1-3. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

2, rue du cherche-midi 75006 Paris, France.

Dermatology 2019 26;235(1):45-50. Epub 2018 Oct 26.

Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain.

Background/aims: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory and destructive skin disorder. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to stop its progression. Data concerning adolescent-onset HS are scarce. Read More

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2019 Jan 14;146(1):4-8. Epub 2018 Sep 14.

11, chaussée de la Muette, 75016 Paris, France. Electronic address:

Background: Isotretinoin is the most potent treatment for acne but paradoxical flares can occur. HS lesions of the face may be mistaken for acne. We report on 4 patients in whom an "acne" flare on isotretinoin led to the correct diagnosis of HS. Read More

Oman Med J 2018 Sep;33(5):433-436

Department of Dermatology, Sultan Qaboos Hospital, Salalah, Oman.

Nodulocystic acne is a severe form of acne which can result in significant damage to the skin with great impact on quality of life. Oral isotretinoin considered to be the best treatment for such cases. Although it has a high rate of success and its efficacy is well established in the treatment of nodulocystic acne, it may occasionally fail to control the disease. Read More

J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2018 Oct 31;16(10):1219-1226. Epub 2018 Aug 31.

Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.

Background And Objectives: Dissecting folliculitis (DF) or dissecting cellulitis of the scalp is regarded as a rare disease with disfiguring scarring alopecia. This study aimed to analyze the features of DF and to propose a classification to define its severity.

Patients And Methods: A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted. Read More

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2018 Sep-Oct;84(5):617-619

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology Unit, University Hospital "G. Martino," Messina, Italy.