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Am J Perinatol 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Objective: To determine whether a trial of labour after caesarean section (TOLAC) with a macrosomic neonate is associated with adverse outcomes. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a population motivated for TOLAC. Women attempting TOLAC with a neonatal birthweight >4000g were compared to women attempting TOLAC with neonatal birthweights between 3500g-4000g. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 Jun 17;11(12). Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 4428164, Israel.

This retrospective cohort study investigated the association between ultrasonographic estimated fetal weight (EFW) and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes after vacuum-assisted delivery (VAD). It included women with singleton pregnancies at 34-41 weeks gestation, who underwent ultrasonographic pre-labor EFW and VAD in an academic institution, over 6 years. Adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes included shoulder dystocia, clavicular fracture, or third- and fourth-degree perineal tears. Read More

Animals (Basel) 2022 Jun 8;12(12). Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sora 50, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.

Dystocia as a prolonged stage II parturition (>30 min) was associated with a higher risk of complications. The hypothesis of the study was that any type of dystocia could affect the foal's health, even when the stage II was <30 min. Clinical reports on 222 Standardbred mares and their foals hospitalized at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Bologna from 2004 to 2020 were reviewed. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2022 Jun 23. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaiser Permanente West Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.

Objective:  This study aimed to examine whether severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy is associated with increased odds of perinatal complications and viral transmission to the infant.

Study Design:  A retrospective cohort study of women who delivered at Kaiser Permanente Southern California hospitals (April 6, 2020-February 28, 2021) was performed using data extracted from electronic health records (EHRs). During this time polymerize chain reaction (PCR)-based tests for SARS-CoV-2 was universally offered to all pregnant women at labor and delivery admission, as well as earlier in the pregnancy, if they were displaying symptoms consistent with SARS-CoV-2 infection or a possible exposure to the virus. Read More

Birth 2022 Jun 23. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.

Background: A clavicle fracture is one of the most common birth injuries. The objective of this study was to examine whether the decreased incidence of birth-related clavicle fractures in Finland is because of temporal changes in their predisposing factors.

Methods: For this nationwide population-based study, we used the Finnish Medical Birth Register and the Care Register for Health Care databases. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 22;12(1):10540. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, 164 ASRC, 920 East Campus Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.

In vitro production (IVP) of embryos in cattle can result in large/abnormal offspring syndrome (LOS/AOS) which is characterized by macrosomia. LOS can cause dystocia and lead to the death of dam and calf. Currently, no test exists to identify LOS pregnancies. Read More

Theriogenology 2022 Apr 14;189:59-63. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

USDA, ARS, Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.

To facilitate breeding for improved resistance to the reproductive disorder of retained placenta (RP), genetic parameters were estimated for RP and its genetic correlation with other reproductive disorders as well as with production and fertility traits of Iranian Holstein dairy cows. Data were 154,048 lactation records collected between 2011 and 2018 from 59,610 Holstein dairy cows in 9 Iranian herds. Other reproductive disorders included dystocia, stillbirth, and twinning. Read More

Int Urogynecol J 2022 Jun 18. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Ruzinovska 6, 826 06, Bratislava, Slovakia.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Increased post-voiding residual volume (PVRV), known as covert postpartum urinary retention (PUR), is an asymptomatic condition with unknown long-term adverse effects. The objectives were to determine the frequency of this phenomenon 3 days after delivery and to examine the associated risk factors and consequences of the increased residuum on women´s health 6 weeks postpartum.

Methods: We carried out a prospective observational study including a total of 926 primiparous women, giving birth to singletons. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2022 Aug 11;17(8):2859-2862. Epub 2022 Jun 11.

Department of Radiology, Baoding Children's Hospital, Baoding 071051, China.

Neonatal obstetric brachial plexus palsy is common in newborns with fetal macrosomia, especially those who are delivered vaginally with shoulder dystocia or breech delivery. The anatomical structure of brachial plexus in newborns is thin, and it is neither collinear nor coplanar in space; The location, the type and degree of neonatal brachial plexus injury need to be comprehensively judged by clinical history, neurological and imaging examination. Conventional MR imaging is not sufficient to diagnose brachial plexus injury. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Maternal Fetal Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai West, New York, United States.

Objectives Placenta previa is diagnosed in up to 15% of pregnancies and 0.5% persist to term. There is limited data regarding pregnancy outcomes with resolved previa. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Maternal Child Health Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of elevated early HbA1c values on perinatal outcomes in patients without a diagnosis of diabetes or gestational diabetes.

Study Design: This is a retrospective study of patients with a singleton pregnancy who underwent universal HbA1c screening in early pregnancy at an urban tertiary care center between December 1, 2016 and December 31, 2018. Patients with pregestational diabetes (DM) and gestational diabetes (GDM) were excluded from analysis. Read More

Niger J Clin Pract 2022 Jun;25(6):773-778

Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.

Background: Shoulder dystocia is an emergency and risky situation that most likely directly involves midwives.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effects of simulation training with a high fidelity mannequin on midwives' shoulder dystocia management.

Subjects And Methods: This study utilized a quantitative, quasi-experimental research design. Read More

Singapore Med J 2022 06 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.

Introduction: There has been a global decrease in operative vaginal deliveries, with a marked shift towards the vacuum extractor. However, little is known about the trends in operative vaginal delivery in Singapore.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on all operative vaginal deliveries performed from 2012 to 2017 at Singapore General Hospital (SGH). Read More

Am J Transl Res 2022 15;14(5):3516-3524. Epub 2022 May 15.

Medical Genetic Diagnosis and Therapy Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect Fuzhou 350001, Fujian, China.

Fetal ultrasound abnormalities may be complicated by cognitive dysfunction or developmental retardation, and ultrasonography cannot detect these problems; therefore, chromosome detection is required in fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities. To examine the effectiveness of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array in genetic diagnosis of fetal ultrasound abnormalities, the prenatal samples of 805 pregnant women with fetal ultrasound abnormalities were collected for SNP array and karyotyping analysis. A 95. Read More

Vet World 2022 Apr 19;15(4):981-985. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

Clinic for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Andrology of Large and Small Animals with Ambulatory Service, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.

Background And Aim: Calves have increased morbidity and mortality rates after dystocia. One cause is pain during birth, which reduces their colostrum intake. The administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may break this causality. Read More

Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022 Jun 10. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Berlin Center for Diabetes and Pregnancy, Department for Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Joseph Hospital, Berlin, Germany; Department for Obstetrics, Campus Virchow, Charité, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Shoulder dystocia (SD) is one of the most threatening complications during delivery and though difficult to predict, the individual risk should be considered when counselling for mode of delivery.

Objective: The aim of the study was to develop and validate a risk score for SD based on fetal ultrasound and maternal data from 15.000 deliveries. Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022 Jun 11;22(1):475. Epub 2022 Jun 11.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.

Background: To assess the effects of policy of selective versus routine episiotomy on mother and baby for women delivering vaginally in Shanghai and whether the hospital type has any effect on the outcomes.

Method: This was a multi-center retrospective cohort study in Shanghai between March 2015 and May 2017. The study population were vaginal births with selective or routine episiotomy (n = 5478) in 20 secondary or tertiary hospitals. Read More

Obstet Gynecol 2022 Jun 2;139(6):1083-1091. Epub 2022 May 2.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas; and NEOX s.r.o., Prague, Czech Republic.

Objective: To evaluate whether a synthetic osmotic cervical dilator is noninferior to oral misoprostol for cervical ripening.

Methods: In an open-label, noninferiority randomized trial, pregnant women undergoing induction of labor at 37 weeks of gestation or more with Bishop scores less than 6 were randomized to either mechanical cervical dilation or oral misoprostol. Participants in the mechanical dilation group underwent insertion of synthetic osmotic cervical dilator rods, and those in the misoprostol group received up to six doses of 25 micrograms orally every 2 hours. Read More

Fetal Diagn Ther 2022 Jun 7. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Objectives To evaluate whether the interval to delivery modifies the predictive accuracy of the cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) for the prediction of cesarean section for intrapartum fetal compromise (CS-IFC), either as a single marker or combined with estimated fetal weight centile (EFWc), type of labor onset (TLO) and other clinical variables. Material and methods This was a multicenter retrospective study of 5193 women with singleton pregnancies who underwent an ultrasound scan at 35+0- 41+0 weeks and gave birth within one month of examination, at any of the participating hospitals in Spain, UK, and Italy. CS-IFC was diagnosed in case of abnormal intrapartum fetal heart rate or intrapartum fetal scalp pH<7. Read More

Front Vet Sci 2022 19;9:904786. Epub 2022 May 19.

Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay.

The aim of this work was to identify causes of abortion through laboratory investigations in sheep flocks in Uruguay. One hundred cases of abortion, comprising 58 fetuses, 36 fetuses with their placentas, and 6 placentas were investigated in 2015-2021. Cases were subjected to gross and microscopic pathologic examinations, and microbiological and serological testing for the identification of causes of abortion, including protozoal, bacterial, and viral pathogens. Read More

Reprod Domest Anim 2022 Jun 5. Epub 2022 Jun 5.

Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.

This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the maternal pelvis and calf size in normal and dystocia groups (Experiment 1) and to establish a method to predict dystocia due to physical imbalance between foetus and maternal pelvis before calving based on the parameters found in Experiment 1 (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, 26 pairs of dams and their offspring were tested immediately after calving, and various parameters of offspring size and maternal pelvis were measured in normal and dystocia cases. The longitudinal diameter of the maternal pelvis was smaller (p < . Read More

Animal 2022 Jun 31;16(6):100550. Epub 2022 May 31.

Teagasc Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland.

The peri-partum processes can exert stress on a cow on many levels. There is little evidence about acute stress around the calving event and subsequent potential effects for the cows' immunological status or subsequent reproductive health. To investigate this, 55 crossbred recipient beef heifers carrying purebred Simmental embryos were assigned to one of three groups on day 285 of gestation: (i) control (no parturition induction treatment; n = 19); (ii) induction of parturition with corticosteroid (n = 20) and (iii) induction of parturition with corticosteroid plus prostaglandin (n = 16). Read More

Ugeskr Laeger 2022 May;184(21)

Kvindesygdomme og Fødsler, Regionshospitalet Horsens.

A case of puerperal uterine inversion is, in this case report, presented in a low risk 29-year-old para 2. After a difficult manual removal of placenta, the patient became disproportionally hypovolaemic shocked compared to blood loss. When the diagnosis was recognized, uterus was reverted, and bleeding ceased momentarily. Read More

Asia Pac Psychiatry 2022 Jun 2:e12516. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China.

Introduction: Impaired sensitivity of the skin flush response to niacin is found in approximately 30% of patients with schizophrenia. Although the niacin response abnormality (NRA) may serve as a useful endophenotype for schizophrenia, few studies have directly replicated NRA in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP).

Methods: In total, 204 patients with FEP, 16 with psychotic mood disorder (PMD), and 68 healthy controls (HC) were included. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 11;9:842826. Epub 2022 May 11.

Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, China.

Background: People's lifestyles may have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have a profound impact on pregnant women and newborns. This study aims to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on uninfected pregnant women and their newborns, including potential environmental factors.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the pregnancy complications of 802 cases in the pandemic group and 802 controls in the pre-pandemic group in a matched nested case-control study, and evaluated the association with sociodemographic features, lifestyles, and other factors in 311 pregnant women with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Read More

Front Genet 2022 13;13:878063. Epub 2022 May 13.

Echocardiography Medical Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

This study aims to characterize the abnormal changes in placental DNA methylation associated with conotruncal heart defects (CTDs) and the level of methylation as epigenetic biomarkers for CTDs detection. This was a prospective study involving 28 fetuses diagnosed with CTDs in the second trimester at Beijing Anzhen Hospital between September 2020 and June 2021. These cases were classified into four groups based on their subtypes. Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022 May 31;22(1):452. Epub 2022 May 31.

Nursing Sciences Research chair, Laboratory Educations and Health Practices (LEPS), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, (EA 3412), (UFR SMBH), F-93017, Bobigny, France.

Background: The reduction of maternal mortality in developing countries such as the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) still raises many questions. Indeed, this large country in the heart of Africa ranks 4th among the eight countries that alone account for more than 50% of maternal deaths in the world, behind India, Nigeria and Pakistan. However, there is no up-to-date data on maternal mortality in eastern DRC. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2022 May 28. Epub 2022 May 28.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island. Electronic address:

Objective: To evaluate the association between the use of low-dose aspirin for preeclampsia prophylaxis and risks of gestational diabetes (primary outcome), neonatal hypoglycemia, macrosomia, large for gestational age, birth trauma, and shoulder dystocia (secondary outcomes).

Data Sources: We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane/CENTRAL for studies published between January 1, 1989, and April 24, 2021.

Study Selection: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cohort studies of any size conducted in any setting were included. Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2022 May 30. Epub 2022 May 30.

Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to estimate by a survival analysis model the hazard function (HF) for neonatal metabolic acidemia (MA) throughout the 2nd stage of labor (2STG) at the time of occurrence of a terminal bradycardia ≥ 10 min requiring expedited delivery, and the cumulative incidence function (CIF) for MA according with the duration of bradycardia stratified in 10-12 min and > 12 min.

Methods: Singleton pregnancies experiencing terminal fetal bradycardia requiring expedited delivery in the 2STG at 38 + 0-41 + 3 weeks and delivering in the year 2019, were identified. The presence of MA (pH < 7 and/or BE ≤ - 12 mmol/L) was determined based on the acid-base status in the umbilical artery cord blood. Read More