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J Ethnopharmacol 2019 Apr 15:111883. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Laboratory of Biology, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Centre for Schistosomiasis and Parasitology, P.O. Box 7244, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Electronic address:

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ozoroa pulcherrima Schweinf. (syn.: Heeria pulcherrrima Schweinf. Read More

PLoS Genet 2019 Apr 18;15(4):e1008110. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Functional Genomics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Varicose veins of lower extremities (VVs) are a common multifactorial vascular disease. Genetic factors underlying VVs development remain largely unknown. Here we report the first large-scale study of VVs performed on a freely available genetic data of 408,455 European-ancestry individuals. Read More

MedEdPORTAL 2016 Oct 13;12:10481. Epub 2016 Oct 13.

Associate Professor of Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine.

Introduction: Emergency medicine physicians must have the knowledge and skills to stabilize all life-and-limb-threatening conditions. These skills are especially important considering that the 1989 COBRA act clearly defines active labor as a condition unsuitable to transfer. Given this context, we thought it necessary to create a work that could be used to provide emergency physicians with the necessary skills to assist in deliveries both routine and complex. Read More

Zdr Varst 2019 Mar 26;58(2):78-83. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Department of Perinatology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Šlajmerjeva 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Objective: To determine the usefulness of a novel classification of indications for caesarean section (CS) in labour in recognizing differences in clinical practice in different maternity units.

Methods: Data from the National Perinatal Information System (NPIS) for 2013 and 2014 were used to classify indications for CS in nulliparous women with spontaneous onset of labour at ≥37 weeks with single cephalic foetuses within 14 Slovenian maternity units into foetal distress and different sub-groups of dystocia according to use and dosage of oxytocin. Chi-square test was used for statistical comparison between units (P≤0. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019 Apr 14:1-161. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

a Department of Pediatrics , University of Kansas Medical Center , Kansas City , Kansas , USA.

Objective: Intrauterine stress can be reflected on hematological disturbance at birth. Thrombocytopenia and leukopenia may be a result of exposure to maternal hypertensive disorders but may also indicate fetal inflammatory response to intrauterine infection, prompting empiric antibiotics use during the initial assessment after birth. Emerging data suggest long-term adverse health outcomes associated with antibiotics exposure early in life. Read More

Diabet Med 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

School of Medicine, Western Sydney University.

Aim: To determine risk factors associated with neonatal hypoglycaemia and hyperbilirubinaemia, and assess their impact on neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: Retrospective review investigating all pregnancies complicated by GDM at Campbelltown Hospital (Sydney, Australia) between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2015. Main outcomes measured were neonatal hypoglycaemia (capillary glucose levels < 1. Read More

Cureus 2019 Jan 31;11(1):e3991. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Emergency Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, CAN.

Advancing global healthcare in developing countries has traditionally been an area of interest for many North American medical organizations, as they strive to improve patient outcomes by helping to control disease and death-related illnesses. Women's healthcare in developing countries, in particular, presents a unique set of complexities, revealing high maternal mortality statistics surrounding pregnancy, labor, and childbirth, which is often tied to home births without medically trained attendants. In September 2018, Team Broken Earth, a Canadian-based outreach initiative, hosted a three-day women's healthcare course in Dhaka, Bangladesh, which included simulation-based training stations, for the purpose of advancing clinical skills and education in regards to local labor and delivery. Read More

Proc Biol Sci 2019 Feb;286(1896):20182425

1 Department of Theoretical Biology, University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna , Austria.

The massive global variation in caesarean-section (C-section) rate is usually attributed to socio-economic, medical and cultural heterogeneity. Here, we show that a third of the global variance in current national C-section rate can be explained by the trends of adult body height from the 1970s to the 1990s. In many countries, living conditions have continually improved during the last century, which has led to an increase in both fetal and adult average body size. Read More

Biol Reprod 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA.

Introduction: Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP2/9) have previously been shown to be elevated in serum and amniotic fluid from women undergoing preterm birth. We performed experiments to determine the effects of MMP2/9 on uterine contraction and birth timing.

Experimental Design: Pregnant mice were injected daily with 50 mg/kg of SB-3CT or vehicle control beginning on gestational day 14-18 to determine if MMP2/9 inhibition would affect parturition timing. Read More

Emerg Med Clin North Am 2019 May;37(2):265-276

Department of Emergency Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, 3800 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC 20007, USA.

A precipitous delivery can be among the most stressful events an emergency physician encounters. The physician must assess 2 patients (mother and fetus) and be prepared to manage a variety of complications that may arise during delivery. A majority of precipitous deliveries result in good outcomes for both mother and baby, but emergency physicians must be prepared to manage feared complications, such as tight nuchal cords, shoulder dystocia, and breech presentation. Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019 Apr 2;19(1):109. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.

Background: Operative vaginal birth is a common procedure used to expedite birth after full cervical dilatation where there is a clinical need to do so (15% of births in the UK in 2016). The acquisition of skills for operative vaginal birth is dependent on the exposure of junior obstetricians to situations in which they can undertake directly supervised learning from senior accouchers. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists has recently introduced the first structured course in operative vaginal birth. Read More

J Am Vet Med Assoc 2019 Apr;254(8):953-959

Objective: To characterize clinical and pathological findings of rabbits evaluated at a veterinary teaching hospital because of dystocia.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 9 client-owned rabbits and 1 wild rabbit with signs of dystocia evaluated at a veterinary teaching hospital from 1996 through 2016. Read More

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Fetal Medicine Unit, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.

Objectives: To determine accurate estimates of maternal and neonatal risks of fetal macrosomia by undertaking a systematic review and meta-analysis METHODS: A search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINHAL and The Cochrane Library was performed to review relevant citations reporting maternal and neonatal complications of pregnancies with macrosomia with birthweight (BW) >4,000g and >4,500g. We selected prospective and retrospective cohort and population studies that provided data regarding both, cases and controls. Meta-analysis using random effects model was used to estimate weighted pooled estimates of summary statistics (odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence intervals (CI)]). Read More

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Fetal Medicine Unit, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.

Objective: To estimate risks of maternal and neonatal complications in pregnancies with macrosomia.

Method: This was a retrospective cohort study undertaken at a large maternity unit in United Kingdom between January 2009-December 2016. We compared the incidence of complications in pregnancies with macrosomia, defined by birthweight (BW)>4,000 g and severe macrosomia with BW>4,500 g, to those in pregnancies with normal BW 2,500-4,000 g. Read More

Int J Womens Health 2019 19;11:177-190. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juba Teaching Hospital, Juba, South Sudan.

Background: This study investigates the frequency of near-miss events and compares correlates in the world's newest nation.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out to audit near-miss events and their causes. A total of 1,041 mothers were sampled. Read More

N Z Vet J 2019 Apr 1:1-10. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

b Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences , University of Melbourne , Werribee , Victoria , Australia.

Case History: Dairy cows recumbent following calving on farms in South Gippsland, Australia were examined during two 3-month seasonal calving periods in 2011 and 2012 as part of a larger study of 218 recumbent cows. A cohort of 104 cows diagnosed with calving paralysis following dystocia was derived from the larger group, which were examined with 3 days of becoming recumbent. A thorough medical and musculoskeletal clinical examination was performed on each cow including flexor-withdrawal and patellar reflex tests, and postural assessment in the lifted position, unless the facilities were not available. Read More

Vet Rec 2019 Mar;184(13):406-408

Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.

Health Econ Rev 2019 Mar 27;9(1):11. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Département Biomédical et Santé Publique, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS/CNRST), 03 BP 7192, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Background: In April 2016, Burkina Faso introduced a free health care policy for women. Instead of reimbursing health facilities, as many sub-Saharan countries do, the government paid them prospectively for covered services to avoid reimbursement delays, which are cited as a reason for the persistence of out-of-pocket (OOP) payments. This study aimed to (i) estimate the direct expenditures of deliveries and covered obstetric care, (ii) determine the OOP payments, and (iii) identify the patient and health facility characteristics associated with OOP payments. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019 Mar;23(5):2194-2199

Department of Disease Control, Zhengzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital, Henan Children's Hospital Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.

Objective: To explore the correlation between the rs2067853 polymorphism in angiotensinogen (AGT) gene and neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

Patients And Methods: A total of 96 neonatal patients with HIE and 123 healthy neonates were selected. General clinical data were collected and TaqMan-MGB probe method was adopted to detect the rs2067853 polymorphism in angiotensinogen (AGT) gene. Read More

Plant Methods 2019 12;15:24. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

3Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes (LARIS), Université d'Angers, Angers, France.

Background: The traditional methods for evaluating seeds are usually performed through destructive sampling followed by physical, physiological, biochemical and molecular determinations. Whilst proven to be effective, these approaches can be criticized as being destructive, time consuming, labor intensive and requiring experienced seed analysts. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the potential of computer vision and multispectral imaging systems supported with multivariate analysis for high-throughput classification of cowpea () seeds. Read More

J Dairy Sci 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824. Electronic address:

Body condition loss during early lactation varies among cows in the herd and is associated with future health and reproductive outcomes. The objective of this study was to gain a greater understanding of the relationship between previous calving interval and body condition change during the first 30 d in milk (DIM) and their relationship to subsequent fertility and health variables and sex ratio at birth. Dry cows and heifers (n = 851) from a single farm entered the study approximately 25 d before the due date. Read More

J Dairy Sci 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 65, 14163 Berlin, Germany.

Calving is assumed to be an exhausting and painful event. A drug that eases the calving procedure and alleviates pain would help cows, especially those suffering from dystocia. In a randomized, controlled, and blinded trial, we measured the effect of denaverine hydrochloride on physical and physiological calving parameters. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Mar 20;12(3). Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands.

We describe a case of severe shoulder dystocia where, after failing of the known techniques, the posterior axilla sling traction technique was applied successfully. This technique was first described in 2009 by Hofmeyr and Cluver and must be considered at severe cases of shoulder dystocia where all other non-invasive techniques have failed. Read More

Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2019 Mar 16. Epub 2019 Mar 16.

Pôle Femme Mère nouveau-né, University Lille, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Épidémiologie et qualité des soins, University Lille, EA 2694, 59000 Lille, France.

Postpartum endometritis accounts for 2% of postpartum infections in developed countries. In France, 2.3% of deaths are attributed to puerperal infections. Read More

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.

Objective: Increased fetal size is associated with labor dystocia and subsequent need for assisted delivery. We sought to investigate if increased fetal adiposity diagnosed sonographically was associated with increased risk of operative delivery.

Method: The Genesis Study recruited 2,392 nulliparous patients with a vertex presentation in a prospective multicenter study to examine prenatal and intra-partum predictors of cesarean delivery. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the association of bidet toilet use with abnormal vaginal microbial colonization and preterm birth (PTB) in high-risk pregnancies.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of 208 women, who were admitted to a high-risk pregnancy unit, due to preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of the membrane, or short cervical length, in two tertiary hospitals from April 2015 to July 2017. Responses to a questionnaire about using bidet toilet and vaginal culture were obtained upon admission. Read More

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2019 Feb 15;236:7-13. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Lindsey Stewart Centre, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 27 Sussex Place, London, NW1 4RG, England, United Kingdom; Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London, WC1H 9SH, England, United Kingdom.

Objective: Caesarean section is increasing in prevalence and with it the proportion of women going into their next pregnancy with a scar on their uterus. For women considering vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC), accurate information about the associated risks is required.

Study Design: The cohort comprised 192,057 women who had a vaginal delivery of a singleton, term, cephalic infant between the 1st April 2013 and the 31st March 2014 in England: 182,064 women who were having their first baby, and 9993 women who were having a second baby after a previous caesarean delivery. Read More

Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 2019 Mar;161(3):171-176

Tierarztpraxis Junkernhose, 27612 Loxstedt, Bexhövede, Deutschland.

Introduction: In the present study the ante partum ruminating behavior and the later birth course were examined. Between May 2016 and April 2017 all cows, on a North German farm with 430 Holstein Friesian cows, were equipped with a transponder recording the ruminating behavior at least one week before the calculated date of birth. In total, 28 births could be monitored. Read More

Vet Med Sci 2019 Mar 6. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.

In human medicine, there is a recommended decision to delivery interval (DDI), which allows for the optimization of protocols and systematic review of hospital success. In veterinary medicine, no such guideline has been established or investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the interval from the decision to perform a caesarean section and the delivery of the neonates and fetal mortality at the time of surgery. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2019 Apr 10;56:114-124. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address:

Women undergo operative vaginal delivery (OVD) as an alternative to caesarean section when complications arise in the second stage of labour. The perinatal mortality associated with OVD is very low, and most of the perinatal morbidity is minor. However, when serious adverse events occur, such as traumatic birth injury, shoulder dystocia, cerebral palsy and perinatal death, there are medico-legal implications. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019 Mar 8:1-6. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

e Nursing Department , Islamic Azad University , Hamadan , Iran.

Background: Given the increasing rate of cesarean delivery and request without maternal or fetal indication among pregnant women, this systematic review was conducted to obtain the reasons for maternal request for elective cesarean section.

Methods: We searched published studies from the first year of records through August 2018 in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The quality assessment of the studies was performed by the improved Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Read More

Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Winthrop Hospital, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola.

Background: Prior studies have reported an increased risk for preterm delivery following a term cesarean delivery. However, these studies did not adjust for high-risk conditions related to the first cesarean delivery and are known to recur.

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whether there is an association between term cesarean delivery in the first pregnancy and subsequent spontaneous or indicated preterm delivery. Read More

Theriogenology 2019 Feb 8;128:201-206. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853-6401, USA. Electronic address:

Canine dystocia is a common problem that increases the risk of mortality to the dam and stillbirths for the pups. Understanding the risk factors for dystocia and stillbirth can help guide decision making to improve outcomes of whelping management. This study aimed to 1) evaluate risk factors for canine dystocia; and 2) assess risk factors for stillbirth in puppies, by examining all whelpings and puppies born in two breeding populations of guide dogs for a defined period of time. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019 Feb 19:1-7. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

e Anesthesiology and Obstetrics and Gynecology , Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso , El Paso , TX , USA.

Objective: This study analyzes the important role of ultrasonography (IUS) related to the maternal outcomes in women with fetal persistent occiput posterior position (POPP) and asynclitism (A) in labor neuraxial analgesia (LNA).

Study Design: Prospective assessment of 148 primiparous women diagnosed with the prolonged second stage of labor. Transabdominal and transperineal IUS were used to detect fetal head position and to evaluate the angle of progression (AOP) and pubic arch angle (PAA). Read More

Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019 Apr 15;299(4):983-991. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC) Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Purpose: To estimate the impact of increasing pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) on the risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes, in patients who delivered in an Italian tertiary care Obstetric department.

Methods: Data, related to women who delivered at Sant'Anna Hospital, Turin, between 2011 and 2015, were collected retrospectively from the hospital database. According to BMI, women were considered as normal weight, overweight, and class 1, 2 and 3 obese (WHO criteria). Read More

PLoS One 2019 13;14(2):e0212001. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Background: There is limited knowledge on the women's experiences of pregnancy-related complications in Rwanda. This study aimed to investigate women's experiences and perceptions of specific complications during pregnancy and delivery and the consequences of these complications on postpartum health and family situation.

Methods: Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews (N = 15). Read More

Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Neonatal Paediatrics, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand.

Background: In 25% of affected babies, neonatal encephalopathy results from acute peripartum events, but rigorous review of these cases for quality improvement is seldom reported. New Zealand has maintained a national database of all babies diagnosed with Sarnat moderate and severe neonatal encephalopathy since 2010 under the Perinatal and Maternal Mortality Review Committee.

Aims: To determine the rate of contributory factors, potentially avoidable mortality or morbidity, and to identify key areas for improvements to maternity and neonatal care among cases of neonatal encephalopathy following an acute peripartum event. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019 Feb 27:1-6. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

a International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between mode of first delivery with subsequent placenta previa, placenta accreta/increta, and significant postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).

Method: This retrospective cohort study included women with two consecutive singleton deliveries between 2007 and 2017 at our institution if the women were nulliparous and delivered at term at the time of first delivery. The first pregnancy delivery mode was classified as (1) vaginal delivery, (2) antepartum cesarean delivery (CD) without labor, or (3) intrapartum CD after the onset of labor. Read More

J Dairy Sci 2019 Apr 7;102(4):3406-3420. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Animal Welfare Science Centre, Melbourne Veterinary School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia 3010.

Animal welfare assessments were conducted on 50 Australian pasture-based dairy farms of varying herd sizes: 16 small (<300 cows), 15 medium-sized (300-500 cows), 11 large (501-750 cows), and 10 very large (751+ cows). A protocol based on elements of Welfare Quality adapted for Australian conditions was developed to assess the broad categories of good feeding, housing, health, and appropriate behavior. Farm records, body condition scores, integument injuries, fecal plaques, avoidance distance of humans, and fecal pat scoring for acidosis assessment were undertaken. Read More

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

Introduction: In most pregnancies after a cesarean section, a trial of labor is an option. The objective of the study was to explore trial of labor and its failure in pregnancies with medical risk conditions, in a population with a high trial of labor rate.

Material And Methods: In a cohort study (n = 57 109), using data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway 1989-2014, women with a second delivery after a first pregnancy cesarean section were included. Read More

J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019 Mar 14;52:136-142. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland. Electronic address:

The aim of the study was to determine the correlations between body mass index (BMI) values before pregnancy and the concentrations of selected elements (Mg, Co, Cu, Zn, Sr, Cd, Ba, Pb, U, Ca, Cr, Al, Mn, V, Fe) in blood serum and amniotic fluid (AF) in pregnant women. Elemental analysis of serum and amniotic fluid in 225 Polish women (Caucasian/white) showed a relationship between the concentration of minerals in the above-mentioned samples and the pre-pregnancy BMI. Analysis of blood serum was performed by using ICP-MS and it demonstrated that iron concentration was significantly lower in overweight and obese women. Read More

J Clin Ultrasound 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.

Purpose: Lung ultrasound (LUS) examination is used to evaluate patients with acute respiratory failure. The physiological LUS pattern during labor in healthy parturients has not been well described. The aim of this study was to evaluate the LUS pattern in a cohort of healthy women during uncomplicated labor. Read More

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Unit of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of a low-dose protocol of vaginal misoprostol and vaginal dinoprostone insert for induction of labor in women with post-term pregnancies.

Material And Methods: We designed a prospective, randomized, open-labeled trial with evaluators blinded to the end-point, including women of at least 41 weeks of gestational age with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies and a Bishop score <6. They were randomized into dinoprostone or misoprostol groups in a 1:1 ratio. Read More

Vet Rec 2019 Mar 4;184(13):409. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK.

Canine dystocia is a relatively common veterinary presentation. First opinion emergency care clinical data from 50 Vets Now clinics across the UK were used to explore dystocia management and outcomes in bitches. Caesarean section (CS) was performed on 341/701 (48. Read More

Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019 Mar 17;220(3):273.e1-273.e11. Epub 2019 Feb 17.

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR.

Background: A growing body of evidence supports improved or not worsened birth outcomes with nonmedically indicated induction of labor at 39 weeks gestation compared with expectant management. This evidence includes 2 recent randomized control trials. However, concern has been raised as to whether these studies are applicable to a broader US pregnant population. Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019 Jan 30;19(1):52. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Unit of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Pain Treatment, Clinic University Hospital, Valladolid, Spain.

Background: In regard to obstetrical analgesia management there are different results related to the use of epidural analgesia versus mechanical adverse outcomes at delivery.

Methods: Cohort study of 23,183 consecutive, term, singleton vaginal deliveries, including spontaneous and induced labours, at a single institution from January 2004 to June 2016 to determine the association between epidural analgesia and different mechanical complications affecting maternal health such as severe perineal tears (SPT), abnormal foetal head position at delivery, instrumental delivery and caesarean section (CS). Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate the risk factors of these mechanical complications with respect to possible cofounders. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019 Jan 29:1-5. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda , Ireland.

Objective: Shoulder dystocia is an obstetric emergency, occurring in 0.2-3% of vaginal deliveries. Research has mainly focused on the neonatal morbidity arising from shoulder dystocia, such as brachial plexus injury and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Read More

Vet Pathol 2019 Jan 27:300985818823776. Epub 2019 Jan 27.

6 Paragon Research and Analysis Ltd., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Thirty-seven adult female moose ( Alces alces) from 2 distinct but adjacent populations in Elk Island National Park (EINP), Alberta, Canada (19 in north EINP and 18 in south EINP), were fitted with mortality-sensing VHF radio-collars, and radio signals were acquired daily to ascertain mortality status. At capture, serum, whole blood, and feces were collected; pregnancy was determined; teeth were aged by visual inspection; and a portion of liver was assessed by ultrasound examination. Postmortem examination was conducted on 20 suitable carcasses. Read More