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Sci Rep 2019 Mar 29;9(1):5381. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Department of Medical Oncology, Henan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450015, China.

To improve outcomes and risk assessment, we systematically analyzed the clinical features of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphoma (ARL) and identified survival-associated factors. Data were collected from 100 patients diagnosed with ARL at the Henan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital in China. The progression-free survival (PFS) duration and 2-year overall survival (OS) rate were determined. Read More

Blood Adv 2019 Mar;3(5):766-768

Division of Hematology/Oncology, UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA.

Sci Rep 2019 Feb 20;9(1):2372. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-Si, Chollabuk-do, 54531, Republic of Korea.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is causally associated with several malignant tumors: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD), and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). KS remains the most common AIDS-related malignancy since the AIDS epidemic and thus has been extensively studied. KS is characterized as an angioproliferative disease with massive immune cell infiltration at the early stage. Read More

J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2019 Feb;17(2):171-189

28National Comprehensive Cancer Network.

As treatment of HIV has improved, people living with HIV (PLWH) have experienced a decreased risk of AIDS and AIDS-defining cancers (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Kaposi sarcoma, and cervical cancer), but the risk of Kaposi sarcoma in PLWH is still elevated about 500-fold compared with the general population in the United States. The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for AIDS-Related Kaposi Sarcoma provide diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance recommendations for PLWH who develop limited cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma and for those with advanced cutaneous, oral, visceral, or nodal disease. Read More

Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2019 1;11(1):e2019004. Epub 2019 Jan 1.

Ematologia, Spedali Civili di Brescia.

Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at increased risk for developing both non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). Even if this risk has decreased for NHL after the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), they remain the most common acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related cancer in the developed world. They are almost always of B-cell origin, and some specific lymphoma types are more common than others. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2019 Jan 21;19(1):77. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Research Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.

Background: The roll out of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Sub-Saharan Africa led to a decrease in mortality. Few studies have documented the causes of deaths among patients on long term antiretroviral therapy in Sub-Saharan Africa. Our objective was to describe the causes of death among patients on long term ART in Sub-Saharan Africa. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCyL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.

A 66-year-old male presented with acute cephalalgia, disorientation, and lethargy. The patient was evaluated in the ER and admitted with probable hydrocephalus. Brain-MRI revealed multiple nonspecific brain lesions, predominantly involving the right temporal lobe, which on biopsy proved a diagnosis of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL). Read More

Infect Agent Cancer 2018 11;13:39. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

1Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, 2 Alameda San Marcos Avenue, Chorrillos, 15067 Lima, Peru.

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) is a neoplasm associated with a group of malignancies called AIDs-Defining Malignancies (ADMs) in Human-Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) -patients. Similar to the case of NHL in Latin America, particularly in Peru, the amount of research done on others ADMs is limited, especially in the case of Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS). Prior investigations have talked about the great potential risk that represents this illness in latin american population, but topics as prognosis factors are yet to be well defined. Read More

Cancer Treat Res 2019;177:1-21

Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Malignancies were one of the earliest recognized manifestations that led to the description of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The majority of cancers in AIDS patients are associated with coinfection with oncogenic viruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus, human herpesvirus 8, and human papillomavirus, with resulting malignancies occurring secondary to diminished immune surveillance against viruses and virus-infected tumor cells. Over 50% of AIDS lymphomas are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and/or HHV8 infection. Read More

Infect Dis (Lond) 2018 Nov - Dec;50(11-12):847-852. Epub 2018 Oct 14.

a Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases , Erasmus Medical Center , Rotterdam , The Netherlands.

Introduction: HIV-infected patients are more than 100-fold greater at risk for developing malignant AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) compared to the general population. Most ARLs are EBV related. The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether a high peak EBV DNA load in HIV-infected patients is predictive of ARL, including classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Read More

Cancer Control 2018 Jan-Dec;25(1):1073274818797955

6 Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiologist, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.

The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 1995 had a dramatic impact on the morbidity and mortality of the HIV population, and subsequently, the natural history of cancer has changed. The purpose of our study was to review the prevalence of AIDS-defining malignancies and non-AIDS defining cancers (NADC), taking into consideration racial and gender variations. After the institutional review board approval, the study was conducted as a retrospective chart review of 279 HIV-infected patients who were treated at the Moffitt Cancer Center between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2010. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2018 07 27;14(7):e1007179. Epub 2018 Jul 27.

Department of Oncology in Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.

Latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection contributes to both B-cell and epithelial-cell malignancies. However, whether lytic EBV infection also contributes to tumors is unclear, although the association between malaria infection and Burkitt lymphomas (BLs) may involve excessive lytic EBV replication. A particular variant of the viral promoter (Zp) that controls lytic EBV reactivation is over-represented, relative to its frequency in non-malignant tissue, in EBV-positive nasopharyngeal carcinomas and AIDS-related lymphomas. Read More

S Afr Med J 2018 Jun 26;108(7):653-567. Epub 2018 Jun 26.

Division of Haematopathology, Department of Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service and Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.

Background: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is the most common non-AIDS-defining cancer in HIV-positive patients. Studies on South African (SA) populations have described the prevalence as 7 - 17% of all lymphomas, 8 - 27% of head and neck lymphomas, 9% of lymph node biopsies and 4% of HIV-related malignancies.

Objectives: To describe the incidence of HL at our centre between 2005 and 2016 by year, gender, HIV status, histological subclassification and bone marrow involvement, and compare these findings with similar SA and African studies. Read More

Clin Infect Dis 2019 Feb;68(5):834-843

Department of Hematology, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated in lymphomagenesis and can be found infecting tumor cells and in plasma at lymphoma diagnosis, especially in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Our aim was to evaluate the usefulness of plasma EBV load as biomarker and prognostic factor in HIV-positive patients with lymphomas.

Methods: EBV loads were measured by polymerase chain reaction in plasma samples of 81 HIV-positive patients' lymphomas at different moments: within 1 year before lymphoma diagnosis, at diagnosis, and at complete response (CR). Read More

J Virol 2018 09 29;92(18). Epub 2018 Aug 29.

Fels Institute for Cancer Research & Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is a potentially oncogenic gammaherpesvirus that establishes a chronic, latent infection in memory B cells. The EBV genome persists in infected host cells as a chromatinized episome and is subject to chromatin-mediated regulation. Binding of the host insulator protein CTCF to the EBV genome has an established role in maintaining viral latency type. Read More

J Virol 2018 09 29;92(18). Epub 2018 Aug 29.

State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China

Coinfection with HIV-1 and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) often leads to AIDS-related malignancies, including Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). The interaction between HIV and KSHV plays a pivotal role in the progression of these malignancies. We have previously demonstrated that, by upregulating miR-942-5p, HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) inhibits KSHV lytic replication by targeting IκBα to activate the NF-κB signaling (Q. Read More

Open Forum Infect Dis 2018 Jun 4;5(6):ofy128. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.

Primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma (PISCL) is rare and constitutes only 1% of central nervous system lymphomas. We report a case of PISCL in a 37-year-old man with advanced AIDS. To our knowledge, only 4 cases of PISCL in the setting of HIV/AIDS have been reported in the literature. Read More

Infez Med 2018 Jun;26(2):155-159

Confirmatory National Laboratory of HIV, National Institute of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria.

HIV-associated lymphoma was first classified as an AIDS-defining disease by the American Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1985. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) are frequent malignancies in AIDS patients. The risk of NHL in the case of an underlying HIV infection is estimated to be 100 times greater than in the general population, and it increases with the progression of the retrovirus-related immunosuppression. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol 2018 06 16;54:133-136. Epub 2018 May 16.

Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil.

Background: HIV-infected patients are at a higher risk to develop malignancies than general population. Although AIDS-related malignancies are a common feature of late-stage disease, patients under successful antiretroviral therapy also have an increased risk for development of non-AIDS malignancies.

Objective: To compare the frequency and characteristics of adults HIV-infected patients and general population who died of malignancies in Bahia, Brazil from January 2000 to December 2010. Read More

Conn Med 2017 Apr;81(4):223-226

People aging with human immunodeficiencyvirus (HIV) present a unique set of challenges for their providers. Cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodegenerative, and renal disorders, and certain cancers are more common in this cohort, which is attributed to elevated rates of inflammation. Although survival remains compromised, integration of efficacious antiretrovirals and high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) was shown to improve clinical results in HIV-infected patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Read More

Eur J Haematol 2018 Jul 22;101(1):119-126. Epub 2018 May 22.

Department of Medicine I, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

The introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) drastically improved performance status, immune function, and life expectancy of HIV-infected individuals. In addition, incidence of opportunistic infections and of AIDS-defining malignancies declined. Nevertheless, aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma still remains the leading cause of AIDS-related deaths. Read More

Int J Cancer 2018 09 26;143(6):1348-1355. Epub 2018 Apr 26.

International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.

The aim of this study was to assess the association between HIV infection and cancer risk in Rwanda approximately a decade after the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (cART). All persons seeking cancer care at Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence (BCCOE) in Rwanda from 2012 to 2016 were routinely screened for HIV, prior to being confirmed with or without cancer (cases and controls, respectively). Cases were coded according to ICD-O-3 and converted to ICD10. Read More

Handb Clin Neurol 2018 ;152:213-227

Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. Electronic address:

The epidemiology of spinal cord disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is largely unknown due to a paucity of data since combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). HIV mediates spinal cord injury indirectly, by immune modulation, degeneration, or associated infections and neoplasms. The pathologies vary and range from cytotoxic necrosis to demyelination and vasculitis. Read More

Handb Clin Neurol 2018 ;152:177-186

Department of Neuro-Oncology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Cancer Center Daniel den Hoed, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address:

Primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) has been designated an acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining disease since 1983 and accounts for up to 15% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. The majority of HIV patients are Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related. The most likely etiology is ineffective immunoregulation of EBV, inducing oncogenic protein expression, and subsequent loss of apoptosis and increased proliferation of lymphocytes. Read More

Med Oncol 2018 Mar 13;35(4):53. Epub 2018 Mar 13.

National Centre for HIV Malignancy, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK.

In HIV-seronegative patients with advanced Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viraemia at diagnosis predicts a worse progression-free survival (PFS), independent of the International Prognostic Score. However, its role in HIV-associated HL is uncharacterised. We collected clinico-pathologic and treatment data from a prospective series of 44 HIV-associated HLs from 2000 to 2016. Read More

Rev Chilena Infectol 2017 Oct;34(5):507-510

Hospital General de Medellín, Colombia.

Children with perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can present early or late clinical disease. HIV-associated lymphoma is a later manifestation that is associated with advanced immunosuppression (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome -AIDS). This is a case of a 9-year-old boy with recent diagnosis of HIV with Burkitt's lymphoma as first clinical manifestation. Read More

Haematologica 2018 05 8;103(5):857-864. Epub 2018 Feb 8.

University of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.

Outcome of HIV-infected patients with AIDS-related lymphomas has improved during recent years. However, data on incidence, risk factors, and outcome of relapses in AIDS-related lymphomas after achieving complete remission are still limited. This prospective observational multicenter study includes HIV-infected patients with biopsy- or cytology-proven malignant lymphomas since 2005. Read More

Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2018 03 2;18(3):180-190.e2. Epub 2018 Feb 2.

Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY.

Introduction: Vorinostat (VOR), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, enhances the anti-tumor effects of rituximab (R) and cytotoxic chemotherapy, induces viral lytic expression and cell killing in Epstein-Barr virus-positive (EBV) or human herpesvirus-8-positive (HHV-8) tumors, and reactivates latent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) for possible eradication by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).

Patients And Methods: We performed a phase I trial of VOR given with R-based infusional EPOCH (etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin hydrochloride) (n = 12) and cART in aggressive HIV-associated B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in order to identify safe dosing and schedule. VOR (300 or 400 mg) was given orally on days 1 to 5 with each cycle of R-EPOCH for 10 high-risk patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (1 EBV), 1 EBV/HHV-8 primary effusion lymphoma, and 1 unclassifiable NHL. Read More

AIDS 2018 Apr;32(7):945-954

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Background: Chronic immune activation is a harbinger of AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AIDS-NHL), yet the underlying basis is unclear. Microbial translocation, the passage of microbial components from the gastrointestinal tract into the systemic circulation, is a source of systemic immune activation in HIV infection and may be an important contributor to chronic B-cell activation and subsequent AIDS-NHL development.

Method: We measured biomarkers of microbial translocation including bacterial receptors/antibodies, intestinal barrier proteins, and macrophage activation-associated cytokines/chemokines, in serum from 200 HIV-infected men from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study prior to their AIDS-NHL diagnosis (mean = 3. Read More

Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2018 Feb;26(1):146-152

Department of Hematology, Peking Union Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China. E-mail:

Objective: To investigate the clinical features and treatment of the patients with AIDS- related lymphoma (ARL).

Methods: The clinical data, pathology, treatment and prognosis of patients with ARL were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: Among 10 cases of ARL, 9 were male and 1 was female. Read More

Med Clin (Barc) 2018 Jul 19;151(1):39.e1-39.e17. Epub 2018 Jan 19.

Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut de Recerca Josep Carreras, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Barcelona, España.

The incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma is higher in patients with HIV infection than in the general population. Following the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), the prognostic significance of HIV-related variables has decreased, and lymphoma-related factors have become more pronounced. Currently, treatments for lymphomas in HIV-infected patients do not differ from those used in the general population. Read More

J Int AIDS Soc 2018 01;21(1)

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Introduction: HIV-1 infection leads to chronic inflammation and to an increased risk of non-AIDS mortality. Our objective was to determine whether AIDS-defining events (ADEs) were associated with increased overall and cause-specific non-AIDS related mortality after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation.

Methods: We included HIV treatment-naïve adults from the Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration (ART-CC) who initiated ART from 1996 to 2014. Read More

Oncology (Williston Park) 2017 12;31(12):872-7, 884

Treatment outcomes for patients with HIV-related lymphoma have improved since the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy. Standard regimens, including intensive regimens, are being used with encouraging results in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and primary central nervous system lymphoma. Approaches to salvage therapy also parallel those used in patients without HIV infection, including autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Read More

An Bras Dermatol 2017 ;92(5 Suppl 1):110-112

Department of Oral Medicine, discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology of the Faculdade de Odontologia - Universidade de São Paulo (FO-USP) - São Paulo (SP), Brazil.

Plasmablastic lymphoma is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by its plasmacytic differentiation and predilection for the oral cavity. It is among the lymphomas most commonly associated with AIDS. This report details a case of a HIV-positive patient with a 1-month history of an exophytic mass in the gingival area of the upper left quadrant. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol 2018 02 14;52:70-74. Epub 2017 Dec 14.

Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL). EBV control was improved by magnesium (Mg) supplementation in XMEN, an X-linked genetic disease associated with Mg deficiency, high circulating EBV levels (viral loads), and EBV-related lymphomas. We, therefore, investigated the relationship between Mg levels and EBV levels and eBL in Uganda. Read More

Leuk Lymphoma 2018 08 21;59(8):1851-1860. Epub 2017 Nov 21.

e Department of Medicine , Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center/Weill-Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA.

Drug-drug interactions between cART and chemotherapy may impact HIV and lymphoma control or lead to increased toxicities. No prospective comparative data informs potential harms and benefits. In AMC034, HIV-associated high-grade B-cell NHL patients received DA-EPOCH with rituximab. Read More

Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2018 02;32(1):75-88

HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1868, USA. Electronic address:

Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV)-associated multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) is a rare, polyclonal lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by flares of inflammatory symptoms, edema, cytopenias, lymphadenopathy, and splenomegaly. Diagnosis requires a lymph node biopsy. Pathogenesis is related to dysregulated inflammatory cytokines, including human and viral interleukin-6. Read More

PLoS One 2017 31;12(10):e0186549. Epub 2017 Oct 31.

National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, Roma, Italy.

Objectives: to compare overall survival in HIV-associated lymphoma (HIV-L) and lymphoma raising in HIV-negative population (nHIV-L) and to identify predictors of increased risk of death.

Methods: All HIV+ patients with HIV-associated lymphoma (Hodgkin lymphoma, HL; non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, NHL) observed between 1.2000 and 12. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2017 Oct 25;18:1135-1139. Epub 2017 Oct 25.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing You An Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) accounts for the large majority of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). DLBCL usually arises in lymph nodes, presenting as a painless rapid swelling mass in the neck, armpit, or groin. CASE REPORT Here, we report a case of DLBCL that needed only 3 months to develop a tumor 20×15 cm in diameter in the right groin and even caused scrotum swelling and lower-extremity edema. Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2017 ;1018:167-179

Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, People's Republic of China.

Currently, HIV infection and AIDS are still one of the most important epidemic diseases around the world. As early in the initial stage of HIV epidemic, the high incidence of ADCs including Kaposi sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was the substantial amount of disease burden of HIV infection and AIDS. With the increasing accessibility of HAART and improving medical care for HIV infection and AIDS, AIDS-related illness including ADCs has dramatically decreased. Read More

Blood Res 2017 Sep 25;52(3):159-166. Epub 2017 Sep 25.

Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj Napoca, Romania.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a type of highly invasive non-Hodgkin lymphoma. With a growing number of organ transplantation and immunosuppressant therapy, the incidence of PCNSL has been growing rapidly in recent years, which is attributed to the increased incidence of HIV/AIDS, a prominent risk factor for developing PCNSL. The rising rate of PCNSL incidence is the highest among the intracranial tumors. Read More

Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2017 Oct 1;21(4):399-407. Epub 2017 Feb 1.

ENT Department, Consorci Hospital General Universitari de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.

 Because of the many HIV-related malignancies, the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoma in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus are challenging.  Here, we review current knowledge of the pathogenesis, epidemiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, and treatment of head and neck lymphomas in HIV patients from a clinical perspective.  Although Hodgkin's lymphoma is not an AIDS-defining neoplasm, its prevalence is ten times higher in HIV patients than in the general population. Read More

J Virol 2017 12 30;91(24). Epub 2017 Nov 30.

Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA

The latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) of the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) performs a variety of functions to establish and maintain KSHV latency. During latency, LANA localizes to discrete punctate spots in the nucleus, where it tethers viral episomes to cellular chromatin and interacts with nuclear components to regulate cellular and viral gene expression. Using highly sensitive tyramide signal amplification, we determined that LANA localizes to the cytoplasm in different cell types undergoing the lytic cycle of replication after primary infection and after spontaneous, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate-, or open reading frame 50 (ORF50)/replication transactivator (RTA)-induced activation. Read More

Blood 2017 08;130(6):836

Weill Cornell Medicine.

Neurology 2017 Aug 26;89(8):796-804. Epub 2017 Jul 26.

From the Department of Neurology (A.M.), Department of Ophthalmology (C.L., I.C.), and Clinical Research Unit (H.P.), Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris; Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases (A.M., M.-G.L., M.H., G.P.) and Department of Virology (C.A.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon-Université Paris 6; and Department of Pathology (M.P., J.M.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Lariboisière-Université Paris 7, France.

Objective: To assess the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AIDS-related primary CNS lymphoma (AR-PCNSL) in the combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) era systematically treated with high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed (intention-to-treat analysis) 51 consecutive patients with AR-PCNSL (median age 39 years) who were diagnosed from 1996 to 2014 and treated with a median of 6 (range 1-15) infusions of HD-MTX (3 g/m) combined with cART.

Results: Median all-patients' and survivors' follow-up lasted 23 (range 0-186) and 76 (range 23-186) months, respectively. Read More

HIV AIDS (Auckl) 2017 30;9:77-93. Epub 2017 Mar 30.

Research, Innovation and Engagements, Mangosuthu University of Technology, Durban.

Alternative splicing of mRNA leads to an increase in proteome biodiversity by allowing the generation of multiple mRNAs, coding for multiple protein isoforms of various structural and functional properties from a single primary pre-mRNA transcript. The protein isoforms produced are tightly regulated in normal development but are mostly deregulated in various cancers. In HIV-infected individuals with AIDS, there is an increase in aberrant alternative splicing, resulting in an increase in HIV/AIDS-related cancers, such as Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and cervical cancer. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2017 Jul 6;2017. Epub 2017 Jul 6.

Department of Radiology, Kokuritsu Kokusai Iryo Center Byoin, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Central nervous system immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (CNS-IRIS), which occurs most often in HIV-infected patients, is an exacerbation of inflammatory reactions related to opportunistic infections as well as primary CNS malignancies both of which mostly occur in HIV-infected patients. However, differential diagnoses are challenging both clinically and radiologically. We describe a patient with CNS-IRIS due to toxoplasmosis whose C-methionine uptake suggested lymphoma but whose arterial spin-labelling MRI led to the correct diagnosis. Read More