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Blood Lymphat Cancer 2022 29;12:31-45. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.

Lymphoma is one of the hematologic malignancies that occur at a higher rate in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals. It is one of the most frequent neoplastic causes of death in those individuals. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphomas are acquired immunodeficiency syndrome defining lymphoma and non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome defining lymphoma, respectively. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2022 Mar 29;15(3). Epub 2022 Mar 29.

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

While infection should always lead the differential when a patient with AIDS presents with fever, inflammatory and malignant aetiologies should also be considered. With profound immunocompromise, malignancies can develop as sequelae of viral oncogene expression. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection drives several AIDS-related cancers including Kaposi sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman disease and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), which can present simultaneously with variable clinical features. Read More

Leuk Res 2022 May 12;116:106826. Epub 2022 Mar 12.

Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan. Electronic address:

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is an aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in immunocompromised individuals such as AIDS patients. PEL shows a poor prognosis (median survival time < 6 months) compared with other AIDS-related lymphomas, and is generally resistant to conventional treatments. Novel drugs for PEL treatment are required. Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2022 Feb 8;22(1):55. Epub 2022 Feb 8.

Department of Pathology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Jing Shun East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100015, People's Republic of China.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) infection can lead to a broad spectrum of lung diseases, including infectious diseases and tumors. Recently, with the wide application of bronchoscopes and cytopathology of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the diagnostic efficiency of lung diseases has improved. The present study focuses on analyzing the cytopathologic characteristics of BALF in the diagnosis of HIV/AIDS-related lung disease and comparing the lung disease spectrum between HIV and HIV-uninfected patients. Read More

Front Oncol 2021 13;11:798008. Epub 2022 Jan 13.

Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.

With the wide use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), the life expectancy of HIV-infected individuals drastically improved. However, HIV infection and HIV-associated cancers were the most common causes of death in the HIV-infected populations. The HIV-associated cancers are divided into acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining and non-AIDS-defining cancers based on the incidence among the HIV-infected patients. Read More

Blood Adv 2022 03;6(5):1420-1431

Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA.

There are no studies comparing the prognosis for mature T-cell lymphoma (TCL) in people with HIV (PWH) to people without HIV (PWoH) and to AIDS-defining B-cell lymphomas (A-BCLs) in the modern antiretroviral therapy era. North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design and Comprehensive Oncology Measures for Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma Treatment are cohorts that enroll patients diagnosed with HIV and TCL, respectively. In our study, 52, 64, 101, 500, and 246 PWH with histologic confirmation of TCL, primary central nervous system lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), respectively, and 450 TCLs without HIV were eligible for analysis. Read More

Chin Med J (Engl) 2021 Nov 2;135(1):70-78. Epub 2021 Nov 2.

Radiological Department, Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.

Background: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AR-NHL) is a high-risk factor for morbidity and mortality in patients with AIDS. This study aimed to determine the prognostic factors associated with overall survival (OS) and to develop a prognostic nomogram incorporating computed tomography imaging features in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AR-NHL).

Methods: A total of 121 AR-NHL patients between July 2012 and November 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2021 12;2021(1):287-295

HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.

Immunodeficiency, whether acquired in the case of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or congenital due to inborn errors of immunity (IEIs), presents clinically with not only infection and immune dysregulation but also increased risk of malignancy. The range of malignancies seen is relatively limited and attributable to the particular cellular and molecular defects in each disease. CD4+ T-cell lymphopenia in people living with HIV infection (PLWH) and certain IEIs drive the predisposition to aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, including certain rare subtypes rarely seen in immunocompetent individuals. Read More

Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2022 Mar 1;27(2):e99-e105. Epub 2022 Mar 1.

João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Department of Surgery and Oral Pathology, Mundurucus Street, no. 4487, Zip Code 66073-000, Belém, Pará, Brazil

Background: HIV-related non-Hodgkin lymphomas of the oral cavity are rare lesions with aggressive clinical behaviour. The aim of this study is to describe the clinicopathological features of a series of HIV-related oral non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

Material And Methods: Eleven cases of oral lymphomas affecting HIV-positive patients were retrieved from 2012 to 2019. Read More

Cureus 2021 Oct 14;13(10):e18771. Epub 2021 Oct 14.

Department of General Surgery, Mohamed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Labarotory of Anatomy, Microsurgery and Surgery Experimental and Medical Simulation, Mohammed First University, Oujda, MAR.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is one of the most common non-Hodgkin lymphomas. It has no typical or specific clinical features. DLBCL revealed by an abscess is a rare entity. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2021 Nov 4;13(21). Epub 2021 Nov 4.

Lymphoid Neoplasms Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Spain.

The incidence of lymphomas is increased in people living with HIV (PLWH). Aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) are the most common and are considered an AIDS-defining cancer (ADC). Although Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is not considered an ADC, its incidence is also increased in PLWH. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2021 Oct 27;13(21). Epub 2021 Oct 27.

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA.

Smoking is associated with a moderate increased risk of Hodgkin and follicular lymphoma. To understand why, we examined lymphoma-related biomarker levels among 134 smoking and non-smoking twins (67 pairs) ascertained from the Finnish Twin Cohort. Previously collected frozen serum samples were tested for cotinine to validate self-reported smoking history. Read More

Int J Infect Dis 2021 Dec 17;113:251-258. Epub 2021 Oct 17.

Department of Radiology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University. Electronic address:

Background: We aimed to investigate whether susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and contrast-enhanced 3D-T1WI can differentiate Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome-Related Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (AR-PCNSL) from cerebral toxoplasmosis.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. 20 AIDS patients were divided into AR-PCNSL group (13 cases) and cerebral toxoplasmosis group (7 cases) based on pathology results. Read More

AIDS Res Ther 2021 10 19;18(1):76. Epub 2021 Oct 19.

Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Réseau Hospitalier Neuchâtelois, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.

Background: AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma (AR-PCNSL) is an AIDS-defining disease that usually occurs when the CD4 count is less than 50 cells/μl. The frequency of the disease has substantially decreased in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Prognosis is poor with rapid progression leading to death within 2-3 months if left untreated. Read More

Cureus 2021 Sep 6;13(9):e17782. Epub 2021 Sep 6.

Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND.

Plasmablastic lymphoma, an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome defining malignancy, is a subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. It is classically described in the oral cavity, the extraoral presentation being rare. Owing to its rarity and aggressiveness, plasmablastic lymphoma poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the treating physician. Read More

AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2022 02 3;38(2):135-142. Epub 2021 Dec 3.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

People living with HIV (PLHIV) have an increased risk of hematologic malignancies (HMs). We aimed to characterize HMs among PLHIV at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. We studied all PLHIV receiving care at our center between 2004 and 2018. Read More

Front Immunol 2021 3;12:700045. Epub 2021 Sep 3.

Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.

We report a first in-depth comparison of immune reconstitution in patients with HIV-related lymphoma following autologous hematopoietic cell transplant (AHCT) recipients (n=37, lymphoma, BEAM conditioning), HIV(-) AHCT recipients (n=30, myeloma, melphalan conditioning) at 56, 180, and 365 days post-AHCT, and 71 healthy control subjects. Principal component analysis showed that immune cell composition in HIV(+) and HIV(-) AHCT recipients clustered away from healthy controls and from each other at each time point, but approached healthy controls over time. Unsupervised feature importance score analysis identified activated T cells, cytotoxic memory and effector T cells [higher in HIV(+)], and naïve and memory T helper cells [lower HIV(+)] as a having a significant impact on differences between HIV(+) AHCT recipient and healthy control lymphocyte composition (p<0. Read More

Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021 Aug 26. Epub 2021 Aug 26.

Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Hospital del Salvador, Santiago, Chile.

Introduction: People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) still face high morbidity and mortality resulting from lymphoma.

Aim: To describe a population of PLWH and lymphoma in a Chilean public hospital and compare the overall survival (OS) with a previously reported cohort from the same institution.

Methods: Retrospective single-center cohort study. Read More

Blood 2022 02;139(7):995-1012

Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.

HIV infection increases cancer risk and is linked to cancers associated to infectious agents classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Lymphomas represent one of the most frequent malignancies among individuals infected by HIV. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma remains a leading cancer after the introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). Read More

Curr HIV Res 2021 ;19(6):476-487

Department of Ophthalmology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12, Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.

HIV/AIDS continues to be a major global public health issue, affecting multiple organs, such as the eyes. With the advent of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), the incidence has dropped but HIV ocular complications still remain a major cause of vision impairment in HIVpositive individuals. Since modern medical interventions nowadays can change this previously fatal infection into a chronic disease and enable people living with HIV for relatively long and healthy lives, recent studies update the incidence of HIV-related ocular manifestations, which has reached 70% among HIV patients. Read More

J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2021 11;88(3):252-260

Departments of Molecular Medicine and Hematology.

Background: South Africa has a high HIV prevalence, which associates with an increased risk of lymphoma. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) became accessible in 2004, but the program has substantially expanded. Changes in lymphoma patterns are documented in high-income countries after wide-scale ART including declining high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (HG B-NHLs), particularly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and increased Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Read More

Gac Med Mex 2021 ;157(Suppl 2):S1-S16

Servicio de Hematología, Centro Médico Nacional 20 de noviembre, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Ciudad de México, México.

El linfoma de Hodgkin (LH) se debe a la transformación clonal de células originadas en los linfocitos B, lo que genera las células binucleadas patognomónicas de Reed-Sternberg. El LH es una enfermedad de células B con una distribución bimodal, con mayor incidencia en la adolescencia y la tercera década de la vida y un segundo pico en personas mayores de 55 años. Las células del LH clásico habitualmente sufren una reprogramación de la expresión génica, ya que pierden la expresión de la mayoría de los genes típicos de las células B y han adquirido la expresión de múltiples genes que son típicos de otros tipos de células del sistema inmunitario. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021 9;11:666143. Epub 2021 Jul 9.

Daniella Lee Casper Laboratory in Viral Oncology, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also familiar as human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), is one of the well-known human cancer-causing viruses. KSHV was originally discovered by its association with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), a common AIDS-related neoplasia. Additionally, KSHV is associated with two B-lymphocyte disorders; primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and Multicentric Castlemans Disease (MCD). Read More

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022 May 14;20(5):e920. Epub 2021 Jul 14.

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

Bull Cancer 2021 Oct 8;108(10):953-962. Epub 2021 Jul 8.

CHU Mohamed VI, Université Cadi Ayyad, Faculté de Médecine, Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Marrakech, Maroc.

Lymphomas remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for HIV-positive patients. The most common lymphomas include diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, primary effusion lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma. Appropriate approach is determined by lymphoma stage, performans status, comorbidities, histological subtype, status of the HIV disease and immunosuppression. Read More

AIDS 2021 11;35(14):2299-2309

Département d'Immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris.

Objective: To describe lymphoma in HIV-2-infected patients and compare their characteristics with lymphoma in HIV-1-infected patients.

Design: Ancillary analysis from a single center prospective cohort of HIV-lymphoma.

Methods: We report on 16 patients with HIV-2-lymphoma diagnosed after 1996 and included in a prospective cohort of HIV lymphoma. Read More

Mol Cancer Ther 2021 09 22;20(9):1592-1602. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human gammaherpesvirus associated with the development of hematopoietic cancers of B-lymphocyte origin, including AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AIDS-NHL). Primary infection of B-cells with EBV results in their polyclonal activation and immortalization. The transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), also known as CD71, is important for iron uptake and regulation of cellular proliferation. Read More

J Infect Chemother 2021 Oct 19;27(10):1459-1464. Epub 2021 Jun 19.

Fudan University (Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center), 130 Dongan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Infection and Immunity, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201508, China. Electronic address:

Introduction Lymphoma is the most common cancer in HIV/AIDS patients. Chemotherapy regiments recommended for lymphomas in HIV-negative patients are also used for lymphomas in HIV/AIDS patients. Little is known about the infections among HIV/AIDS patients with lymphoma undergoing chemotherapy. Read More

Clin Cancer Res 2021 08 15;27(16):4642-4651. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

UCLA AIDS Institute and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California.

Purpose: AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma (ARL) is the most common cancer in HIV-infected individuals in the United States and other countries in which HIV-positive persons have access to effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Our prior work showed that pretreatment/postdiagnosis plasma levels of some cytokines, such as IL6, IL10, and CXCL13, have the potential to serve as indicators of clinical response to treatment and survival in ARL. The aims of this study were to identify novel prognostic biomarkers for response to treatment and/or survival in persons with ARL, including biomarkers of microbial translocation and inflammation. Read More