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Diagnosis (Berl) 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Objectives: Despite inter-individual variations in their diagnostic efficiency, dogs have been trained to investigate many human pathologies, especially cancer, diabetes, migraine, seizures and even infectious diseases. To this end, we performed a critical review and pooled analysis of current scientific literature on the performance of dogs trained for identifying severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive human specimens.

Methods: We carried out an electronic search in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science with the keywords "dog(s)" AND "sniffer" OR "scent" OR "smell" AND "SARS-CoV-2" OR "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2" OR "coronavirus disease 2019" OR "COVID-19" within all fields, without date or language restrictions, to identify studies describing dogs' performance for identifying SARS-CoV-2 infected material. Read More

Z Orthop Unfall 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of General and Trauma Surgery, BG University Hospital, Bochum, Germany.

Introduction: The use of forklift trucks during work has a high accident potential. The aim of this study is to describe injury patterns, treatment and outcome after forklift truck accidents in the context of the employers' liability insurance association.

Methods: Retrospective data collection of all cases between 2004 and 2019. Read More

Gynecol Obstet Invest 2021 Apr 19;85(6):450-452. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2021 Apr 11;86:74-77. Epub 2021 Apr 11.

Paris Brain Institute, F-75013, Paris, France; Inserm, U 1127, F-75013, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR 7225, F-75013, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, F-75013, Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Neurology, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013, Paris, France. Electronic address:

Objective: To study the association between impulse control disorders (ICDs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) and genetic risk scores (GRS) for 40 known or putative risk factors (e.g. depression, personality traits). Read More

Ageing Res Rev 2021 Apr 16:101344. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

MRC/Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, UK; Versus Arthritis Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, The University of Nottingham, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, UK; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. Electronic address:

In the United Kingdom (UK), it is projected that by 2035 people aged >65 years will make up 23% of the population, with those aged >85 years accounting for 5% of the total population. Ageing is associated with progressive changes in muscle metabolism and a decline in functional capacity, leading to a loss of independence. Muscle metabolic changes associated with ageing have been linked to alterations in muscle architecture and declines in muscle mass and insulin sensitivity. Read More

J Clin Nurs 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Aims And Objectives: To examine the feasibility of a culturally tailored education programme for Haitian immigrants diagnosed with hypertension.

Background: Hypertension is a major public health problem, impacting more than 26% of the global population. The overall prevalence of hypertension is 45. Read More

Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 mask-wearing on hematological laboratory components and obstetrical outcomes among women delivering during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Laboratory results and obstetrical outcomes of women with singleton gestations, admitted for delivery during the COVID-19 mask-wearing period (4-6/2020) were compared to those delivering during the parallel period in 2019 and to a larger cohort derived from nine pre-pandemic years (3/2011-4/2020).

Results: Overall, 1,838 women delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic. Read More

Anaesthesia 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Intensive Care Unit, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.

Anaemia is highly prevalent at the time of intensive care unit discharge and is persistent for a high proportion of intensive care unit survivors. Whether anaemia is a driver of impaired recovery after critical illness is uncertain. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that, in adult intensive care survivors, anaemia at the time of intensive care unit discharge independently predicts decreased days at home-90. Read More

Am J Health Syst Pharm 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Pharmacy, Critical Care, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, USA.

Purpose: Despite its availability for more than 70 years, many details concerning methadone remain contentious, such as the dosing equivalents for intravenous and enteral administration. A scoping review was performed to evaluate whether existing literature on methadone bioavailability in human subjects support the current recommendation that an equivalent enteral dose is twice the intravenous dose.

Methods: A librarian-assisted search of the PubMed and EMBASE databases identified all English-language articles with the terms methadone and bioavailability and/or conversion in the title or abstract published from inception though December 2019. Read More

Stress Health 2021 Mar 26. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.

Education actively helps us develop our well-being and health, but postgraduate students are at high risk of depression. The prevalence of depression symptoms varies from 6.2% to 84. Read More

Heart Vessels 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, SE 581 85, Linköping, Sweden.

New and clinically useful markers of cardiovascular risk are of great importance in patients with type 2 diabetes since cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death in these patients. We analyzed inflammatory markers and other risk factors for heart disease in 761 patients who participated in the CARDIPP-study, Cardiovascular Risk factors in Patients with Diabetes-a Prospective study in Primary care. All participants had type 2 diabetes and were 55-66 years old at recruitment during the years 2005-2008. Read More

Arch Virol 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China.

To investigate the association between immune-cell-related cytokines and the development of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the immunotolerant (IT) phase (n = 30) or hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg)-positive CHB (n = 250) were enrolled in this study. Serological indicators and plasma cytokine levels were measured at the time of enrollment. The results showed that there were significant differences in the median age of the patients (27 vs. Read More

J Natl Cancer Inst 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Background: Supporting well-informed decisions about breast cancer screening requires communicating that inconsequential disease may be detected, leading to overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Having previously shown that telling women about overdetection improved informed choice, we investigated effects on screening knowledge and participation over 2 years.

Methods: We conducted a community-based, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial in Australia. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2021 Apr 1;4(4):e214514. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle.

Importance: Sepsis disproportionately affects recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (allo-HCT), and timely detection is crucial. However, the atypical presentation of sepsis within this population makes detection challenging, and existing clinical sepsis tools have limited prognostic value among this high-risk population.

Objective: To develop a full risk factor (demographic, transplant, clinical, and laboratory factors) and clinical factor-specific automated bacterial sepsis decision support tool for recipients of allo-HCT with potential bloodstream infections (PBIs). Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2021 Apr 1;4(4):e215477. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Importance: Few studies have compared surgical utilization between countries or how rates may differ according to patients' socioeconomic status.

Objective: To compare population-level utilization of 3 common nonemergent surgical procedures in New York State (US), Ontario (Canada), and New South Wales (Australia) and how utilization differs for residents of lower- and higher-income neighborhoods.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study included all adults aged 18 years and older who were hospitalized for pancreatectomy, radical prostatectomy, or nephrectomy between 2011 and 2016 in New York, between 2011 and 2018 in Ontario, and between 2013 and 2018 in New South Wales. Read More

JAMA Pediatr 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.

Importance: The adverse effects from the long-term use of oral corticosteroids are known, but, to our knowledge, few studies have reported the risk of corticosteroid bursts, particularly among children.

Objective: To quantify the associations of corticosteroid bursts with severe adverse events, including gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, sepsis, pneumonia, and glaucoma, in children.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used data derived from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2017, on children younger than 18 years of age and used a self-controlled case series design. Read More

JAMA Intern Med 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco.

Importance: Methylene chloride is a halogenated organic solvent widely used in paint strippers, cleaners, adhesives, and sealants. Despite label warnings and occupational standards, methylene chloride-related fatalities continue to occur in the United States.

Objective: To identify and analyze methylene chloride-related fatalities in the US. Read More

Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland (Department of Social Pathologies).

Objectives: The main aim of this work is to assess the level of knowledge about diabetes prevention and the consequences of untreated diabetes in the Polish society, as well as to indicate the variables that have a significant impact on that knowledge.

Material And Methods: The analysis is based on the results of the - WOBASZ II. The number of subjects surveyed was 6170, including 2760 men and 3410 women, aged 20-74 years. Read More

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2021 Mar 9:1-12. Epub 2021 Mar 9.

Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background: There are limited data regarding the difference in progression pattern between acral melanoma and nonacral melanoma.

Aims: The objectives of this study were to compare the progression pattern between acral and nonacral melanoma and evaluate its impact on clinical outcomes.

Methods: Clinical and histopathological features, survival outcomes and prognostic factors of 492 patients with acral melanoma or nonacral melanoma were retrospectively evaluated using the Asan Medical Center database. Read More

Adv Mater 2021 Apr 19:e2008653. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, Université de Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille Institut, YNCREA-ISEN, Université Polytechnique des Hauts de France UPHF, CNRS UMR 8520-IEMN, Lille, F-59000, France.

In the last decade, transmission X-ray microscopes (TXMs) have come into operation in most of the synchrotrons worldwide. They have proven to be outstanding tools for non-invasive ex and in situ 3D characterization of materials at the nanoscale across varying range of scientific applications. However, their spatial resolution has not improved in many years, while newly developed functional materials and microdevices with enhanced performances exhibit nanostructures always finer. Read More

Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021 Apr;31 Suppl 1:47-55

CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

This study aimed to (1) estimate age-at-mid-growth spurt (age-at-MGS) in Portuguese boys from two different regions-the Azores islands and Viana do Castelo, and (2) identify spurts in a variety of physical fitness (PF) components aligned by age-at-MGS in the two samples. A total of 176 (Azores, n = 91; Viana do Castelo, n = 85) boys aged 6 years old were followed annually to 10 years of age. Age-at-MGS and spurts in PF components (speed, explosive muscular strength, abdominal muscular strength, agility, and flexibility) were identified for each sample. Read More

Clin Exp Hypertens 2021 Apr 18:1-7. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

Department of Family Medicine, Baskent University Hospital, Alanya Medical and Research Center, Alanya, Turkey.

Objective: Masked hypertension (MH) and non-dipping pattern are conditions associated with target organ damage and cardiovascular risk, which are frequently observed together. We aimed to show the relationship between the target organ damage observed in MH and the deterioration in the dipping pattern.

Methods: Patients who underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and office blood pressure (BP) <140/90 mmHg were retrospectively screened. Read More

Pediatr Diabetes 2021 Apr 18. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.

Adult women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and obesity have an 8-fold increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our goal was to determine the incidence and risk factors for T2D in adolescents with PCOS and obesity. Retrospective chart review of girls aged 11-21 years with confirmed PCOS (oligomenorrhea and hyperandrogenism) diagnosis between 7/2013-8/2018 and at least one follow-up visit and BMI >85%ile. Read More

ANZ J Surg 2021 Apr 18. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Background: Many extrapulmonary neoplasms metastasize to the lungs. We conducted a retrospective review of all patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy for oligometastatic disease at two centres in order to determine long-term outcomes.

Methods: The study institutions' thoracic surgery databases were searched for all patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy from 2000 to 2017. Read More

Environ Epidemiol 2021 Apr 19;5(2):e132. Epub 2021 Feb 19.

icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

More than one third of world's population use biomass fuel for cooking that has been linked to an array of adverse health hazards including cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. As part of Bangladesh Global Environmental and Occupational Health (GEO Health) project, we assessed whether household air pollution (HAP) was associated with dysfunction in microvascular circulation (measured by reactive hyperemia index [RHI]).

Methods: We measured exposure to HAP (particulate matter [PM2. Read More

Endosc Int Open 2021 Apr 13;9(4):E599-E605. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Division of Pediatrics, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.

 The primary objective was to measure the effect of music as an adjunct to sedation in patient anxiety levels during pediatric endoscopic examinations.  We performed a single-blind randomized controlled trial comparing music with no music in children aged 2 to 18 years. Anxiety was measured using the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS) and the Visual Analog Anxiety Scale (VAS-anxiety). Read More

Pract Lab Med 2021 May 13;25:e00211. Epub 2021 Mar 13.

Triga-S, Mühltal 5, 82392, Habach, Germany.

Expected values for estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), and progesterone determined in serum allow accurate assessment of menstrual cycle phase. Automated immunoassays demonstrate variable degrees of bias, emphasizing the need to establish method-specific reference values. We therefore established method-specific reference intervals for the Elecsys® LH assay and new generation Elecsys Estradiol III and Progesterone III assays (cobas e 801 analyzer) in 85 apparently healthy women aged 22-37 (US)/18-37 (EU) years over one natural menstrual cycle. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2021 Apr;9(10):2192-2204

Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China.

Background: Controversy exists about the benefit of additional surgery after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer (EGC).

Aim: To examine risk factors for overall survival (OS) after additional surgery in patients with EGC who initially underwent ESD.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of patients with EGC who underwent additional surgery after ESD at the Beijing Friendship Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University between August 2012 and August 2019. Read More

Front Nutr 2021 31;8:617721. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.

The primary aims of this study were to evaluate the changes in dietary behavior among the Croatian adult population during the COVID-19 outbreak and to explore the impact of confinement on cooking habits. The study was based on results from COVIDiet_Int cross-sectional study-a part of COVIDiet project (NCT04449731). A self-administered online questionnaire was used to assess the frequency of food consumption, eating habits, and sociodemographic information. Read More

Cureus 2021 Mar 14;13(3):e13883. Epub 2021 Mar 14.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, TUR.

Objective/aim: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the widely used left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) electrocardiography (ECG) criteria (Cornell Voltage Criteria [CVC], Sokolow-Lyon Index [SLI], Romhilt-Estes [REC], and Peguero-Lo Presti [PLP] Criteria) compared with the left ventricular mass measured by echocardiography.

Methods: In this prospective diagnostic accuracy study, we screened all consecutive adults (18 to 65 years) who presented to our academic emergency department (ED) with increased blood pressure (≥130/85 mmHg) between January 2016 and January 2017, and we enrolled a convenience sample of 165 patients in our study. The attending emergency physician managed all patients as per their primary complaint. Read More