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Oncol Lett 2021 Jun 1;21(6):439. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.

Gastric cancer (GC) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Helicobacter pylori infection, high salt intake, smoking, alcohol, low fiber intake, family history of GC, obesity and precancerous lesions, including chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, are considered general risk factors for GC. Image enhancement endoscopy methods, which improve the visualization of mucosal structures and vascularity, may be used for the early diagnosis of GC, such as narrow band imaging, which can reveal fine details of subtle superficial abnormalities of early gastric cancer (EGC). Read More

Front Immunol 2021 2;12:652771. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.

Like other autoimmune diseases, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) develops in distinct stages, with each phase of disease linked to immune cell dysfunction. HLA class II genes confer the strongest genetic risk to develop RA. They encode for molecules essential in the activation and differentiation of T cells, placing T cells upstream in the immunopathology. Read More

Microsc Microanal 2021 Apr 16:1-9. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Biotechnology Unit, Kanchi Mamunivar Government Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research, Puducherry605008, India.

Micropropagation techniques allow producing large numbers of clones of genetically identical plants. However, there is evidence of disorders in internal structures due to sophisticated in vitro conditions. Such variations are responsible for the mortality of plantlets in the field and cause huge loss to the tissue culture industry. Read More

Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2021 Apr-Jun;64(2):231-237

Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Sudden death, a catastrophic event, falls within the purview of the forensic experts. It is often caused by cardiovascular diseases, which may be evident or occult. A vast majority of sudden cardiac deaths (to the extent of 90%) are due to ischemia of the working or conducting myocardial tissues consequent to coronary artery diseases. Read More

J Med Genet 2021 Apr 5. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

Cambridge Institute for Medical Research Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK

Background: Holoprosencephaly is a spectrum of developmental disorder of the embryonic forebrain in which there is failed or incomplete separation of the prosencephalon into two cerebral hemispheres. To date, dominant mutations in sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway genes are the predominant Mendelian causes, and have marked interfamilial and intrafamilial phenotypical variabilities.

Methods: We describe two families in which offspring had holoprosencephaly spectrum and homozygous predicted-deleterious variants in phospholipase C eta-1 (). Read More