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J Transl Med 2022 Aug 12;20(1):363. Epub 2022 Aug 12.

Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

Background: Approximately 8-9% of the world's population is affected by autoimmune diseases, and yet the mechanism of autoimmunity trigger is largely understudied. Two unique cell death modalities, ferroptosis and pyroptosis, provide a new perspective on the mechanisms leading to autoimmune diseases, and development of new treatment strategies.

Methods: Using scRNA-seq datasets, the aberrant trend of ferroptosis and pyroptosis-related genes were analyzed in several representative autoimmune diseases (psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, multiple sclerosis, systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease, Crohn's disease, and experimental autoimmune orchitis). Read More

Bioorg Med Chem 2022 09 20;69:116889. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia. Electronic address:

Multiple sclerosis-associated central neuropathic pain (MS-CNP) is difficult to alleviate with clinically used pain-killers and so there is a large unmet medical need for novel treatments for alleviating MS-CNP. Although (R)-alpha lipoic acid (ALA) evoked significant pain relief efficacy in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis-associated central neuropathic pain (MS-CNP), this dietary supplement has poor oral bioavailability due to low gastric stability. Eight ester prodrugs of the R enantiomer of ALA [(R)-ALA] were designed encompassing a range of biocompatible hydrophobic and hydrophilic features and synthesized in an effort to identify a prodrug candidate that was stable at gastric and upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) pH, and that could be released (hydrolyzed by esterases) in the blood to (R)-ALA immediately after absorption into the portal vein (i. Read More

Eur J Neurol 2022 Jun 18. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Background And Purpose: Approximately 1% of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have uveitis, but data on the effects of immunotherapies for MS on MS-associated uveitis are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the ophthalmological outcomes in patients with MS-associated uveitis treated with anti-CD20 therapy.

Methods: A retrospective study of 12 eyes of six patients with MS-associated uveitis, refractory to previous immunotherapies, was conducted. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2022 Jun 16:1-3. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Uveitis Service, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.

A 23-year-old man, under treatment for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis, presented with sudden drop in vision in the left eye for the past 1 week. We noted optic atrophy with sclerosed vessels in multiple quadrants in both eyes, moderate vitreous haze, and active retinal vasculitis in left eye. The patient received therapeutic pars plana vitrectomy in the left eye, and the vitreous sample was analyzed for immunophenotypes by flow cytometry (T-cells) and immunohistochemistry (B-cells). Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jun 6;23(11). Epub 2022 Jun 6.

IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Preclinical Neuroscience, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 65, 00143 Rome, Italy.

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease with a strong neuroinflammatory component that contributes to severe demyelination, neurodegeneration and lesions formation in white and grey matter of the spinal cord and brain. Increasing attention is being paid to the signaling of the biogenic amine histamine in the context of several pathological conditions. In multiple sclerosis, histamine regulates the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursors, reduces demyelination, and improves the remyelination process. Read More