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Physiol Behav 2022 Aug 9:113939. Epub 2022 Aug 9.

Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Kayseri, Turkey. Electronic address:

The present study investigates sex differences in hippocampal functions in the context of synaptic plasticity, which is the cellular basis of learning and memory, and differences in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway that accompanies plasticity in young-adult rats. The long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) were induced by stimulating the perforant pathway (PP) and field potentials composed of the field excitatory post-synaptic potential (fEPSP) and population spike (PS) were recorded from the dentate gyrus (DG). Following the completion of the electrophysiological recordings, the hippocampi were removed bilaterally, and the protein and gene expression levels of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and P38-MAPK were determined by Western blot analysis and real-time PCR, respectively. Read More

Appetite 2022 Aug 9:106267. Epub 2022 Aug 9.

Department of Medical Psychology, School of Medical Humanities, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Previous studies have demonstrated the correlations between cyberbullying victimization and disordered eating behaviors in adolescents, however, limited attention has been paid to the long-term effects and underlying mechanisms, and studies focused on young adults are scarce. This study explored the association between cyberbullying victimization and disordered eating behaviors and the underlying mechanisms in a sample of young adults using a longitudinal design. A total of 955 Chinese young adults completed the Cyber Victim Subscale of the Cyber Victim and Bullying Scale, the Self-surveillance Subscale of the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale, the Self-compassion Scale-Short Form, and the Dutch Eating Behaviors Questionnaire three times with a 3-months interval. Read More

Lancet Glob Health 2022 Sep;10(9):e1307-e1316

Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada and Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Background: BCG vaccines are given to more than 100 million children every year, but there is considerable debate regarding the effectiveness of BCG vaccination in preventing tuberculosis and death, particularly among older children and adults. We therefore aimed to investigate the age-specific impact of infant BCG vaccination on tuberculosis (pulmonary and extrapulmonary) development and mortality.

Methods: In this systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, BIOSIS, and Embase without language restrictions for case-contact cohort studies of tuberculosis contacts published between Jan 1, 1998, and April 7, 2018. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022 Aug 12. Epub 2022 Aug 12.

Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.

Objective: Measurement of salivary glucocorticoids is an accepted method for testing adrenal function but there is little data on stability during home collection. Current salivary collection techniques require active participation or present a choking hazard and are unsuitable for young children. We sought to: compare different salivary collection methods; assess stability of salivary glucocorticoids under conditions replicating home collection; assess patient tolerability and caregiver acceptability of a salivary collection device for young children, a swab encased in an infant pacifier (SaliPac™). Read More

Arthropod Struct Dev 2022 Aug 9;70:101200. Epub 2022 Aug 9.

Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

Holometabolan brains undergo structural and allometric changes and complex reorganizations during metamorphosis. In minute egg parasitoids, brain formation is shifted to the late larva and young pupa, due to extreme de-embryonization. The brains of Megaphragma wasps undergo denucleation, the details of which remained unknown. Read More