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Larger-Than-Unity External Optical Field Confinement Enabled by Metamaterial-Assisted Comb Waveguide for Ultrasensitive Long-Wave Infrared Gas Spectroscopy.

Authors:
Weixin Liu Yiming Ma Xinmiao Liu Jingkai Zhou Cheng Xu Bowei Dong Chengkuo Lee

Nano Lett 2022 Aug 27;22(15):6112-6120. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore.

Nanophotonic waveguides that implement long optical pathlengths on chips are promising to enable chip-scale gas sensors. Nevertheless, current absorption-based waveguide sensors suffer from weak interactions with analytes, limiting their adoptions in most demanding applications such as exhaled breath analysis and trace-gas monitoring. Here, we propose an all-dielectric metamaterial-assisted comb (ADMAC) waveguide to greatly boost the sensing capability. By leveraging large longitudinal electric field discontinuity at periodic high-index-contrast interfaces in the subwavelength grating metamaterial and its unique features in refractive index engineering, the ADMAC waveguide features strong field delocalization into the air, pushing the external optical field confinement factor up to 113% with low propagation loss. Our sensor operates in the important but underdeveloped long-wave infrared spectral region, where absorption fingerprints of plentiful chemical bonds are located. Acetone absorption spectroscopy is demonstrated using our sensor around 7.33 μm, showing a detection limit of 2.5 ppm with a waveguide length of only 10 mm.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01198DOI Listing
August 2022

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