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J Med Virol 2022 Jun 26. Epub 2022 Jun 26.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China.

A transocular infection has been proved as one of the main approaches that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) invades the body, and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plays a key role in this procedure. Dynamic and quantitative details on virus distribution are lacking for virus prevention and drug design. In this study, a radiotraceable pseudovirus packed with an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene, I-CoV, was prepared and inoculated in the unilateral eye of humanized ACE2 (hACE2) mice or ACE2-knockout (ACE2-KO) mice. Read More

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015 Mar;36(3):336-45

5Division of Infectious Diseases,Department of Medicine,School of Medicine,Johns Hopkins University,Baltimore,Maryland.

Healthcare personnel often find themselves on the frontlines of any epidemic, and may be at particularly high risk of acquiring respiratory viral illnesses when compared to the general population. Many aspects dictate how respiratory viruses spread both inside the hospital and out: Elements to consider include the specific type of virus being targeted for prevention, as well as environmental conditions and host factors, such as age and immune status. Due to the diverse nature of these agents, multiple modes of transmission, including contact, droplet, aerosol, and transocular, must be considered when designing an effective infection prevention program. Read More

Curr Opin Infect Dis 2014 Aug;27(4):342-7

aDepartment of Pediatrics (Infectious Diseases), University of Colorado School of Medicine bDepartment of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

Purpose Of Review: As viral respiratory infections are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, and are associated with numerous challenges for infection control, we provide an overview of the most recent publications on healthcare-associated respiratory infections.

Recent Findings: Populations most susceptible to respiratory viruses include neonates, immunocompromised and elderly populations. Newer polymerase chain reaction-based assays are more sensitive and are able to detect multiple respiratory viruses. Read More

J Virol 2014 Sep 11;88(17):9647-54. Epub 2014 Jun 11.

Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Unlabelled: Respiratory pathogens have traditionally been studied by examining the exposure and infection of respiratory tract tissues. However, these studies typically overlook the role of ocular surfaces, which represent both a potential site of virus replication and a portal of entry for the establishment of a respiratory infection. To model transocular virus entry in a mammalian species, we established a novel inoculation method that delivers an aerosol inoculum exclusively to the ferret ocular surface. Read More

J Infect Dis 2012 Jan 28;205(2):349; author reply 350. Epub 2011 Nov 28.