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Plant J 2022 Aug 9. Epub 2022 Aug 9.

Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Seed Science, China Agricultural University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement; Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, MOE, Beijing, 100193, China.

Red leaves are common in trees but rare in cereal crops. Red leaves can be used as raw materials for anthocyanin extraction and may have some adaptive significance for plants. In this study, we discovered a red leaf phenotype in the F hybrids derived from a cross between two sorghum accessions with green leaf. Read More

Neuropsychopharmacology 2022 Aug 8. Epub 2022 Aug 8.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Despite the identification of a growing number of genetic risk loci for substance use traits (SUTs), the impact of these loci on protein abundance and the potential utility of relevant proteins as therapeutic targets are unknown. We conducted a proteome-wide association study (PWAS) in which we integrated human brain proteomes from discovery (Banner; N = 152) and validation (ROSMAP; N = 376) datasets with genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for 4 SUTs. The 4 samples comprised GWAS of European-ancestry individuals for smoking initiation [Smk] (N = 1,232,091), alcohol use disorder [AUD] (N = 313,959), cannabis use disorder [CUD] (N = 384,032), and opioid use disorder [OUD] (N = 302,585). Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022 Aug 8;119(33):e2121748119. Epub 2022 Aug 8.

Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.

Surface area of the human cerebral cortex expands extremely dynamically and regionally heterogeneously from the third trimester of pregnancy to 2 y of age, reflecting the spatial heterogeneity of the underlying microstructural and functional development of the cerebral cortex. However, little is known about the developmental patterns and regionalization of cortical surface area during this critical stage, due to the lack of high-quality imaging data and accurate computational tools for pediatric brain MRI data. To fill this critical knowledge gap, by leveraging 1,037 high-quality MRI scans with the age between 29 post-menstrual weeks and 24 mo from 735 pediatric subjects in two complementary datasets, i. Read More

Mol Biol Rep 2022 Aug 8. Epub 2022 Aug 8.

Government Training Education Academy, Gujranwala, Pakistan.

Background: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the staple foods worldwide. To feed the growing population, the improvement of rice cultivars is important. Read More

Genet Epidemiol 2022 Aug 8. Epub 2022 Aug 8.

Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Polygenic risk scores quantify the individual genetic predisposition regarding a particular trait. We propose and illustrate the application of existing statistical learning methods to derive sparser models for genome-wide data with a polygenic signal. Our approach is based on three consecutive steps. Read More