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Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jul 29;23(15). Epub 2022 Jul 29.

Group of Cellular Oncology, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.

We present a case report on an older woman with unspecific symptoms and predominant long-term gastrointestinal disturbances, acute overall health deterioration with loss of autonomy for daily activities, and cognitive impairment. Autopsy revealed the presence of alpha-synuclein deposits spread into intestinal mucosa lesions, enteric plexuses, pelvic and retroperitoneal nerves and ganglia, and other organs as well as Lewy pathology in the central nervous system (CNS). Moreover, we isolated norovirus from the patient, indicating active infection in the colon and detected colocalization of norovirus and alpha-synuclein in different regions of the patient's brain. Read More

Cells 2022 Aug 4;11(15). Epub 2022 Aug 4.

Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77550, USA.

Cocaine use increases the neurotoxic severity of human immunodeficiency virus-1 () infection and the development of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (). Among the studied cellular mechanisms promoting neurotoxicity in HIV-1 and cocaine use, central nervous system () immunity, such as neuroimmune signaling and reduced antiviral activity, are risk determinants; however, concrete evidence remains elusive. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that cocaine self-administration by transgenic HIV-1 () rats promotes CNS inflammation. Read More

Fluids Barriers CNS 2022 Aug 10;19(1):62. Epub 2022 Aug 10.

Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Introduction: Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) often develops following hemorrhagic events such as intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Treatment is limited to surgical diversion of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) since no efficient pharmacological therapies are available. This limitation follows from our incomplete knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the ventriculomegaly characteristic of PHH. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Aug;101(31):e29920

State Hospital of Denizli, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Denizli, Turkey.

There is insufficient evidence on SARS-CoV-2 induced neurological effects. Studies on CNS involvement during COVID-19 in children are limited. This study aims to identify and manage the neurological signs and symptoms in COVID-19-infected pediatric patients during follow up and plan future follow-ups. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Aug;101(31):e30012

Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Hailing District, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.

Rationale: Subdural anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (SALCL) is an extremely rare subtype of primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. Here, we report a very rare subdural lymphoma case, which was misdiagnosed as a subacute epidural hematoma based on the radiological examination.

Patient Concerns: We present the case of an 82-year-old patient who presented with a 2-day history of headache and consciousness disorder following head injury. Read More