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Sci Adv 2022 07 29;8(26):eabm3145. Epub 2022 Jun 29.

Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based conformal coating (CC) encapsulation of transplanted islets is a promising β cell replacement therapy for the treatment of type 1 diabetes without chronic immunosuppression because it minimizes capsule thickness, graft volume, and insulin secretion delay. However, we show here that our original CC method, the direct method, requiring exposure of islets to low pH levels and inclusion of viscosity enhancers during coating, severely affected the viability, scalability, and biocompatibility of CC islets in nonhuman primate preclinical models of type 1 diabetes. We therefore developed and validated in vitro and in vivo, in several small- and large-animal models of type 1 diabetes, an augmented CC method-emulsion method-that achieves hydrogel CCs around islets at physiological pH for improved cytocompatibility, with PEG hydrogels for increased biocompatibility and with fivefold increase in encapsulation throughput for enhanced scalability. Read More

Biomedicines 2022 Jun 15;10(6). Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität, 01307 Dresden, Germany.

The transplantation of pancreatic islets can prevent severe long-term complications in diabetes mellitus type 1 patients. With respect to a shortage of donor organs, the transplantation of xenogeneic islets is highly attractive. To avoid rejection, islets can be encapsulated in immuno-protective hydrogel-macrocapsules, whereby 3D bioprinted structures with macropores allow for a high surface-to-volume ratio and reduced diffusion distances. Read More

World J Stem Cells 2022 May;14(5):330-346

Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious and growing global health burden. It is estimated that 80% of diabetic patients have micturition problems such as poor emptying, urinary incontinence, urgency, and urgency incontinence. Patients with diabetic bladder dysfunction are often resistant to currently available therapies. Read More

Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022 16;10:886483. Epub 2022 May 16.

Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.

Pancreatic islet transplantation improves metabolic control and prevents complications in patients with brittle type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, chronic immunosuppression is required to prevent allograft rejection and recurrence of autoimmunity. Islet encapsulation may eliminate the need for immunosuppression. Read More

Arkh Patol 2022 ;84(3):52-59

B.V. Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia.

A case of a mature anterior mediastinal teratoma with a predominance of the pancreatic component (80% of the tumor) and signs of nesidioblastosis in a 46-year-old woman is presented. During histological examination, all components of the pancreatic parenchyma were determined - acini with interlobular and intralobular ducts, endocrine cells and islets of Langerhans of various sizes and shapes, as well as islet-duct complexes scattered in the acinar tissue. In addition to pancreatic tissue, cartilage, bronchial respiratory epithelium, small intestine tissue, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands were found in the neoplasm. Read More