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Absent Testis With a Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor.

Authors:
Shreyas Bellur Sreekar Balasundaram Ashitha Nanaiah

Cureus 2022 Apr 25;14(4):e24472. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

Department of Pathology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, IND.

Primary mediastinal mixed germ cell tumors (PMMGCTs) are rare, aggressive tumors that, at diagnosis, are typically metastatic. A 22-year-old male with a three-month history of cough, chest pain, and fever presented to our outpatient department. Clinical examination showed reduced left-sided air entry in the left hemithorax, with a non-palpable left testis. Imaging suggested a large anterior mediastinal mass and an absent left testis. Multiple biopsies revealed only necrotic tissue, and laboratory investigations showed elevated alpha-fetoprotein levels. A provisional diagnosis of mediastinal germ tumor was made, and surgical excision was planned given absent nodal or distant metastasis. Intraoperatively, a densely adherent bosselated mass was found. A biopsy revealed a mixed germ cell tumor with a predominant seminoma component and chemotherapy with cisplatin and ifosfamide was advised. However, the patient was lost to follow-up after one cycle. PMMGCTs possibly occur due to reverse migration. These tumors warrant an early diagnosis due to their highly aggressive nature. A multimodal approach with chemotherapy with surgical resection is recommended. Our case sheds light on the possible mechanism and emphasizes the impact of early diagnosis.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.24472DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9132333PMC
April 2022

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