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Front Physiol 2022 14;13:838414. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Keck School of Medicine and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Individuals with neuromuscular and chest wall disorders experience respiratory muscle weakness, reduced lung volume and increases in respiratory elastance and resistance which lead to increase in work of breathing, impaired gas exchange and respiratory pump failure. Recently developed methods to assess respiratory muscle weakness, mechanics and movement supplement traditionally employed spirometry and methods to evaluate gas exchange. These include recording postural change in vital capacity, respiratory pressures (mouth and sniff), electromyography and ultrasound evaluation of diaphragmatic thickness and excursions. Read More

J Sleep Res 2022 Jun 28:e13670. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Centre for Oral Health, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.

Continuous positive airway pressure is a common and effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea, but adherence remains an issue. Both obstructive sleep apnea and oral diseases are associated with cardiovascular diseases, and as oral dryness contributes to treatment abandonment, oral health is of importance for this patient group. The aim was therefore to explore how persons with continuous positive airway pressure-treated obstructive sleep apnea experience situations associated with their oral health, and which actions they take to manage these. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Jun 13;159:111206. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Department of Otolaryngology, Penn State Milton S Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, United States.

Objectives: Transoral robotic surgery in adults confers excellent results and decreased morbidity. Application of these techniques has not yet been rigorously investigated in children. The goal of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of a flexible robotic surgical system in a pediatric population. Read More

Technol Health Care 2022 Jun 17. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing and Robotics, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.

Background: Lip incompetence resulting from mouth breathing is a common clinical manifestation, while there are no definite indicators of amplitude and intensity of muscle functional training in clinical practice, which leads to unsatisfactory training results.

Objective: The aim was to quantify the relationship between electromyography (EMG) and force in orbicularis oris muscle, so that the indicators of muscle functional training can be evaluated using EMG signals, so as to improve the training effects.

Methods: The EMG and the force signals of orbicularis oris muscle from 0% to 100% MVC within 5 s in twelve healthy subjects (six males and six females; age, 25 ± 2 years; mass, 60 ± 15 kg) were recorded simultaneously for three trials. Read More

Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022 Jun 3;15(6). Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.

Effective pulmonary drug delivery using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) requires a match between the MDI sprays, the patient's breathing, and respiratory physiology. Different inhalers generate aerosols with distinct aerosol sizes and speeds, which require specific breathing coordination to achieve optimized delivery efficiency. Inability to perform the instructed breathing maneuver is one of the frequently reported issues during MDI applications; however, their effects on MDI dosimetry are unclear. Read More