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Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2022 Jul 23;9(4). Epub 2022 May 23.

From the Multiple Sclerosis Centre (M. Pengo, S.M., S.F., M.S., M.M., P.G., M. Puthenparampil), Neurology Clinic, Department of Neuroscience, Università degli Studi di Padova; Department of Health Sciences (M. Ponzano, F.B., M.P.S.), Section of Biostatistics, University of Genova; Ophthalmology Clinic (T.T., E.P., E.M.), Department of Neuroscience, Università degli Studi di Padova, Italy; Fellow of the European Board of Ophthalmology (T.T., E.P., E.M.), London, United Kingdom; Multiple Sclerosis Centre (F.R., P.P.), Neurology Clinic, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova; and Department of Information Engineering (DEI) (A.B.), University of Padova, Italy.

Background And Objectives: Microglia, the resident immune cell of the brain and retina, is widespread activated in the white and gray matter (GM) in multiple sclerosis (MS). The objective of this study is to evaluate the presence and number of hyperreflecting foci (HRF), considered clusters of activated and proliferating retinal microglia, and their association with clinical and radiologic disease parameters in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).

Methods: At baseline, 80 patients with RRMS underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) and 3T-MRI (including 3-dimensional T1, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and double inversion recovery sequences), closed to their disease onset (6. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.

Purpose: The retina may provide a window to estimate systemic vascular status; therefore, there has been interest in identifying microcirculation characteristics that possibly reflect hypoxic alterations in obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAS). Emerging evidence has suggested that retinal microvasculature investigation holds the potential to characterize the pathophysiology involved in ocular manifestations of OSAS. The advent of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) has attracted significant attention as this technique offers detailed analysis of the retinal capillary plexus. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2022 May 23. Epub 2022 May 23.

Department of Neurosurgery, Yeditepe University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

Purpose: To investigate the changes in peripapillary and subfoveal choroidal vascular indexes (CVI) before and after pituitary macroadenoma surgery by using a binarization method.

Method: In this cross-sectional study, we examined 17 eyes in 9 patients with pituitary macroadenomas who had undergone transsphenoidal pituitary surgery due to chiasmal compression. We also compiled data from 17of in 17 healthy subjects. Read More

Front Physiol 2022 4;13:864222. Epub 2022 May 4.

Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

This study aimed to quantify the different quadrants of the optic nerve head (ONH) and macular parameters and their changes during exposure to high altitude, and to assess their correlation with high-altitude headache (HAH). Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to quantify changes in the retinal structure in 109 healthy subjects during acute exposure to high altitude (3,700 m). Self-reported symptoms of HAH and acute mountain sickness AMS were assessed using Lake Louise Score (LLS), alongside measurements of physiological parameters (oxygen saturation [SpO], heart rate [HR], hemoglobin level [Hb], and red blood cell [RBC] count). Read More

Retina 2022 Jun 14;42(6):1005-1011. Epub 2022 Feb 14.

Instituto de Oftalmologia Dr. Gama Pinto, Lisboa, Portugal; and.

Purpose: To compare quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography parameters between polypoidal choroidal neovascularizations (PCNVs) and Type 1 choroidal neovascularizations (CNVs) in patients with age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: PCNV and Type 1 CNV lesions were retrospectively recruited in a cohort of patients with age-related macular degeneration. All the patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation, including best-corrected visual acuity, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, structural optical coherence tomography (OCT), and optical coherence tomography angiography. Read More