Introduction: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate whether the benefits of prophylactic inferior vena cava filters (IVCF) outweigh the risks thereof.Patients And Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for records published from 1980 to 2018 by two independent researchers (MG, GG). The endpoints of interest were pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) rates.