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Pak J Pharm Sci 2021 Sep;34(5(Supplementary)):1939-1944

Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University (LCWU), Lahore, Pakistan.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients are at high risk of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and need a global therapeutic intervention. A fixed-dose combination prescription medication containing anti-diabetic drug (Sitagliptin) and lipid lowering (Simvastatin) has recently been approved. Present study was designed to explore the potential synergistic toxic effects of sitagliptin and simvastatin at cellular level. Read More

Toxicol In Vitro 2021 Feb 28;70:105007. Epub 2020 Sep 28.

Toxicology and Drug Metabolism Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 OE Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address:

Diabetes is one of the World's most concerning health problems and millions of patients are using anti-diabetic drugs (ADDs) in order to control blood glucose. The in vitro H295R steroidogenesis assay was implemented to investigate endocrine effects of three ADDs, metformin (MET), glimepiride (GLIM), sitagliptin (SIT) and the cholesterol-lowering drug simvastatin (SIM) individually and in three binary mixtures. Steroid hormones were analyzed using LC-MS/MS. Read More

Isr Med Assoc J 2020 May;22(5):310-314

Department of Internal Medicine D, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel.

Background: There is a lack of information regarding acute pancreatitis in Israel. However, the most prevalent worldwide etiologic causes of acute pancreatitis are biliary stones and alcohol abuse.

Objectives: To delineate the prevalence, main causes, rate of recurrence, mortality, and complications of acute pancreatitis in southern Israel. Read More

Clin Pharmacokinet 2020 08;59(8):949-965

Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA.

Ertugliflozin, a selective inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), is approved in the US, EU, and other regions for the treatment of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This review summarizes the ertugliflozin pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic data obtained during phase I clinical development, which supported the registration and labeling of this drug. The PK of ertugliflozin was similar in healthy subjects and patients with T2DM. Read More

Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020 Aug 24;127(2):81-91. Epub 2019 Nov 24.

Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), expressed/present ubiquitously in the body, contributes to metabolic regulation. In the vasculature, activation of AMPK is associated with several beneficial biological effects including enhancement of vasodilatation, reduction of oxidative stress and inhibition of inflammatory reactions. The vascular protective effects of certain anti-diabetic (metformin and sitagliptin) or lipid-lowering (simvastatin and fenofibrate) therapeutic agents, of active components of Chinese medicinal herbs (resveratrol and berberine) and of pharmacological agents (AICAR, A769662 and PT1) have been attributed to the activation of AMPK (in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and/or perivascular adipocytes), independently of changes in the metabolic profile (eg glucose tolerance and/or plasma lipoprotein levels), leading to improved endothelium-derived nitric oxide-mediated vasodilatation and attenuated endothelium-derived cyclooxygenase-dependent vasoconstriction. Read More