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J Biol Chem 2022 Jun 29:102215. Epub 2022 Jun 29.

Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address:

Uncontrolled resection of replication forks under stress can cause genomic instability and influence cancer formation. Extensive fork resection has also been implicated in the chemosensitivity of "BReast CAncer gene" BRCA-deficient cancers. However, how fork resection is controlled in different genetic contexts and how it affects chromosomal stability and cell survival remains incompletely understood. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2022 Jul 1;22(1):385. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.

Background: Childhood undernutrition is a major public health concern that needs special attention to achieve 2025 global nutrition targets. Moderate acute malnutrition (MAM), manifest as wasting (low weight-for-height), affects 33 million children under 5, yet there are currently no global guidelines for its treatment. We recently performed a randomized-controlled clinical study of a microbiota-directed complementary food formulation (MDCF-2) in 12-18-month-old Bangladeshi children with MAM. Read More

Br J Cancer 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.

Background: Ovarian cancer patients frequently develop chemotherapy resistance, limiting treatment options. We have previously shown that individuality in fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) expression influences survival and chemotherapy response.

Methods: We used MTT assays to assess chemosensitivity to cisplatin and carboplatin following shRNA-mediated knockdown or heterologous over-expression of FGF1 (quantified by qRT-PCR and immunoblot analysis), and in combination with the FGFR inhibitors AZD4547 and SU5402, the ATM inhibitor KU55933 and DNA-PK inhibitor NU7026. Read More

Cell Biol Toxicol 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Constance, Germany.

PARP1 (aka ARTD1) acts as a prime sensor of cellular genotoxic stress response. PARP1 detects DNA strand breaks and subsequently catalyzes the formation of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), which leads to the recruitment of the scaffold protein XRCC1 during base excision and single strand break repair and the assembly of multi-protein complexes to promote DNA repair. Here, we reveal that the recruitment of either protein to sites of DNA damage is impeded in the absence of the other, indicating a strong reciprocal relationship between the two DNA repair factors during genotoxic stress response. Read More

Nat Commun 2022 Jul 1;13(1):3794. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1Z2, Canada.

The DEAD box protein DDX1, previously associated with 3'-end RNA processing and DNA repair, forms large aggregates in the cytoplasm of early mouse embryos. Ddx1 knockout causes stalling of embryos at the 2-4 cell stages. Here, we identify a DDX1-containing membrane-bound calcium-containing organelle with a nucleic acid core. Read More