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J Orthop Translat 2021 May 16;28:90-99. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

Background/Objective: Core decompression (CD) with scaffold and cell-based therapies is a promising strategy for providing both mechanical support and regeneration of the osteonecrotic area for early stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). We designed a new 3D printed porous functionally-graded scaffold (FGS) with a central channel to facilitate delivery of transplanted cells in a hydrogel to the osteonecrotic area. However, the optimal porous structural design for the FGS for the engineering of bone in ONFH has not been elucidated. Read More

Materials (Basel) 2021 Mar 11;14(6). Epub 2021 Mar 11.

Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK.

Today, the rational combination of materials and design has enabled the development of bio-inspired lattice structures with unprecedented properties to mimic biological features. The present study aims to investigate the mechanical performance and energy absorption capacity of such sophisticated hybrid soft-hard structures with gradient lattices. The structures are designed based on the diversity of materials and graded size of the unit cells. Read More

Front Hum Neurosci 2021 12;15:645714. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

Department of Neurology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States.

The ipsilesional arm of stroke patients often has functionally limiting deficits in motor control and dexterity that depend on the side of the brain that is lesioned and that increase with the severity of paretic arm impairment. However, remediation of the ipsilesional arm has yet to be integrated into the usual standard of care for upper limb rehabilitation in stroke, largely due to a lack of translational research examining the effects of ipsilesional-arm intervention. We now ask whether ipsilesional-arm training, tailored to the hemisphere-specific nature of ipsilesional-arm motor deficits in participants with moderate to severe contralesional paresis, improves ipsilesional arm performance and generalizes to improve functional independence. Read More

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021 Mar 13;118:104426. Epub 2021 Mar 13.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.

Osseointegrated trans-femoral fixations have been used as alternatives for conventional sockets in recent years. Despite numerous advantages, the dissimilarity of the mechanical properties between bone and implant has led to issues in periprosthetic bone adaptation. This study aims to address these issues by proposing fixations made of functionally graded materials (FGMs). Read More

Adv Healthc Mater 2021 Mar 10:e2002269. Epub 2021 Mar 10.

The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.

Tendon-to-bone repair often fails because the functionally graded attachment is not regenerated during the healing process. Biomimetic scaffolds that recapitulate the unique features of the native tendon-to-bone attachment hold great promise for enhancing the healing process. Among various types of scaffolds that are developed and evaluated for tendon-to-bone repair, those with gradations (in either a stratified or a continuous fashion) in composition, structure, mechanical properties, and cell phenotype have gained the most attention. Read More