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Chem Rec 2021 Apr 2;21(4):715-780. Epub 2021 Mar 2.

Department of Pharmaceutial Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 160062, India.

Among the known aromatic nitrogen heterocycles, pyrrole represents a privileged aromatic heterocycle ranging its occurrence in the key component of "pigments of life" to biologically active natural products to active pharmaceuticals. Pyrrole being an electron-rich heteroaromatic compound, its predominant functionalization is legendary to aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions. Although a few excellent reviews on the functionalization of pyrroles including the reports by Baltazzi in 1963, Casiraghi and Rassu in 1995, and Banwell in 2006 are available, they are fragmentary and over fifteen years old, and do not cover the modern aspects of catalysis. Read More

Molecules 2021 Feb 7;26(4). Epub 2021 Feb 7.

Inorganic Solid-State Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Building C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.

Diels-Alder reactions on the surface of nanoparticles allow a thermoreversible functionalization of the nanosized building blocks. We report the synthesis of well-defined magnetite nanoparticles by thermal decomposition reaction and their functionalization with maleimide groups. Attachment of these dienophiles was realized by the synthesis of organophosphonate coupling agents and a partial ligand exchange of the original carboxylic acid groups. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2020 9;15:8739-8758. Epub 2020 Nov 9.

Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Research Center for Automatic Control of Nancy (CRAN), Nancy, France.

Background: Local recurrences of glioblastoma (GBM) after heavy standard treatments remain frequent and lead to a poor prognostic. Major challenges are the infiltrative part of the tumor tissue which is the ultimate cause of recurrence. The therapeutic arsenal faces the difficulty of eradicating this infiltrating part of the tumor tissue while increasing the targeting of tumor and endogenous stromal cells such as angiogenic endothelial cells. Read More

Org Lett 2020 10 2;22(20):8106-8110. Epub 2020 Oct 2.

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States.

Using a commercially available, inexpensive, and abundant copper catalyst system, an efficient α-functionalization of nitroalkanes with propargyl bromides is now established. This mild and robust method is highly functional group tolerant and provides straightforward access to complex secondary and tertiary homopropargylic nitroalkanes. Moreover, the utility of these α-propargylated nitroalkanes is demonstrated through downstream functionalization to biologically relevant, five-membered -heterocycles such as pyrroles and 2-pyrrolines. Read More

Chem Commun (Camb) 2020 Nov 2;56(86):13125-13128. Epub 2020 Oct 2.

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.

A highly enantioselective Pd/Xiang-Phos-catalyzed carbohetero-functionalization of norbornene is described, giving a direct access to various chiral norbornane-fused dihydrofurans and dihydro-pyrroles. This synthetic methodology provides the first example of asymmetric carboetherification of norbornene, and also tolerates norbornadiene well. Read More