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Planta 2021 Apr 17;253(5):107. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.

Main Conclusion: Importation of taxadiene synthase into chloroplasts is important for the efficient heterologous production of taxadiene. Taxadiene, the first committed precursor to taxol, is synthesized from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) by action of taxadiene synthase (TS). Heterologous production of taxadiene could potentially rely on both cytosolic mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway and the plastidic methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway. Read More

Biotechnol Lett 2021 Apr 2. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Plant Biotechnology and Metabolic Engineering, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.

Objective: A chloroplast transgenic approach was assessed in order to produce a structural protein SPPV117 of sheep pox virus in Nicotiana tabacum for the future development of a plant-based subunit vaccine against sheep pox.

Results: Two DNA constructs containing SPPV117 coding sequence under the control of chloroplast promoter and terminator of psbA gene or rrn promoter and rbcL terminator were designed and inserted into the chloroplast genome by a biolistic method. The transgenic plants were selected via PCR analysis. Read More

Plant Physiol 2021 Apr;185(3):1091-1110

Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.

De novo fatty acid biosynthesis in plants relies on a prokaryotic-type acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) that resides in the plastid compartment. The enzyme is composed of four subunits, one of which is encoded in the plastid genome, whereas the other three subunits are encoded by nuclear genes. The plastid gene (accD) encodes the β-carboxyltransferase subunit of ACCase and is essential for cell viability. Read More

Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021 Mar 2. Epub 2021 Mar 2.

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Human papillomavirus type-16 (HPV-16) is the major HPV type involved in causing cervical cancer among women. The disease burden is high in developing and underdeveloped countries. Previously, the constitutive expression of HPV-16 L1 protein led to male sterility in transplastomic tobacco plants. Read More

Plant J 2021 Feb 11. Epub 2021 Feb 11.

Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.

Photosynthetic inefficiencies limit the productivity and sustainability of crop production and the resilience of agriculture to future societal and environmental challenges. Rubisco is a key target for improvement as it plays a central role in carbon fixation during photosynthesis and is remarkably inefficient. Introduction of mutations to the chloroplast-encoded Rubisco large subunit rbcL is of particular interest for improving the catalytic activity and efficiency of the enzyme. Read More