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Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2021 Apr 18;49:93-100. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

University of Texas, USA.

The diagnosis and treatment of bipolar depression (BDep) poses complex clinical challenges for psychiatry. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) is a useful imaging tool for investigating in vivo levels of brain neuro-metabolites, critical to understanding the process of mood dysregulation in Bipolar Disorder. Few studies have evaluated longitudinal clinical outcomes in BDep associated with H-MRS metabolic changes. Read More

Brain Cogn 2021 Apr 18;151:105728. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza Street 4, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.

While the knowledge on age-related differences in susceptibility to episodic false memories is extensive, little is known about this phenomenon in visual short-term memory (STM). Our previous behavioural research indicated that older adults are more confident of their erroneous STM recognitions than young adults. However, unlike in episodic memory, we did not find support for older adults' higher rate of false alarms. Read More

Neuroimage 2021 Apr 18:118085. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Segmenting perceptual experience into meaningful events is a key cognitive process that helps us make sense of what is happening around us in the moment, as well as helping us recall past events. Nevertheless, little is known about the underlying neural mechanisms of the event segmentation process. Recent work has suggested that event segmentation can be linked to regional changes in neural activity patterns. Read More

Neuroimage 2021 Apr 18:118072. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts, United States, 02118.; Boston Attention and Learning Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Massachusetts, United States, 02130.; National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Massachusetts, United States, 02130.

In the search for brain markers of optimal attentional focus, the mainstream approach has been to first define attentional states based on behavioral performance, and to subsequently investigate "neural correlates" associated with these performance variations. However, this approach constrains the range of contexts in which attentional states can be operationalized by relying on overt behavior, and assumes a one-to-one correspondence between behavior and brain state. Here, we reversed the logic of these previous studies and sought to identify behaviorally-relevant brain states based solely on brain activity, agnostic to behavioral performance. Read More

Cell Rep 2021 Apr;35(3):109001

Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27705, USA. Electronic address:

It is well established that seizures beget seizures, yet the cellular processes that underlie progressive epileptogenesis remain unclear. Here, we use optogenetics to briefly activate targeted populations of mouse piriform cortex (PCx) principal neurons in vivo. After just 3 or 4 days of stimulation, previously subconvulsive stimuli trigger massive, generalized seizures. Read More