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Nafcillin-Induced Hepatic Injury: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Authors:
Sohaib Khatib Taher Sabobeh Michael D Bock Amgad Masoud Jwan Alallaf

Cureus 2021 Jan 20;13(1):e12817. Epub 2021 Jan 20.

Pathology, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, USA.

Background: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most common cause of acute liver failure in the Western world. While it requires a diagnosis of exclusion, it is exceedingly prevalent in patients taking multiple hepatotoxic agents, the foremost of which are antibiotics, followed by herbal and dietary supplements. Below we will discuss a case of nafcillin-induced liver injury suggested by a thorough work-up and rule-out of other hepatic and biliary pathologies.

Case Presentation:  We report the case of a 66-year-old white male who presented with painless jaundice. Clinical, laboratory and radiographic features demonstrated a cholestatic pattern of liver injury without significant abnormalities in the biliary tract. All workup for viral hepatitis and autoimmune diseases with liver involvement was negative. Liver biopsy showed acute necro-inflammatory changes suggestive of drug-induced liver injury. The patient had received 18 days of IV nafcillin for blood culture positive methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) four weeks prior to his presentation. He showed clinical and laboratory improvement of his liver functions with supportive care only.

Conclusion: Nafcillin is a safe and effective antibiotic for the treatment of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcal infections. However, physicians and prescribing healthcare professionals should be aware of the rare, but serious side effects, especially one of drug-induced liver injury with emphasis on the need for early cessation of nafcillin if liver function abnormalities develop.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12817DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7894250PMC
January 2021

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