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Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021 Apr 23;310:111232. Epub 2020 Nov 23.

Department of Neuroscience, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, 90619900, Porto Alegre, Brasil.

Crack-cocaine offers a higher risk of abuse than intranasal and intravenous use of cocaine. Yet, current treatments remain disappointing and our understanding of the mechanism of crack-cocaine neurotoxicity is still incomplete. Magnetic resonance images studies on brain changes of crack-cocaine addicts show divergent data. Read More

J Addict Med 2020 Sep 30. Epub 2020 Sep 30.

Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (YL, KV, LBC); Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (JWC).

Objectives: We identified the patterns of cocaine use during individuals' heaviest use period by considering quantity, frequency, and duration simultaneously and examined the correlates and risk profile for these patterns.

Methods: Latent profile analysis was conducted among the 3117 individuals who reported lifetime use of cocaine in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (NESARC-III) with quantity, frequency, and duration used as indicators. Logistic regression analyses examined factors associated with subtype membership based on patterns of cocaine use and the relationships between these patterns and cocaine use disorder (CocUD) and its severity. Read More

Int J Drug Policy 2020 09 21;83:102862. Epub 2020 Jul 21.

Médecins du Monde, 62 rue Marcadet, 75018 Paris, France.

Background Although people who use drugs (PWUD) are a high-risk group for tuberculosis (TB), there is practically no data on TB prevalence in Ivory Coast. The aim of the study was to estimate pulmonary TB prevalence and assess the cascade of care with confirmed pulmonary TB (TB+) among PWUD in Abidjan. Methods The study targeted adult people who had used heroin and/or cocaine/crack in the previous six months. Read More

AIDS Patient Care STDS 2020 07;34(7):284-294

Department of Neurology and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Frailty is prevalent in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH), but factors predisposing older PWH to frailty remain uncertain. We examined factors associated with frailty and determined whether there were multiple frailty subtypes in older adults with controlled HIV infection. This was a cross-sectional outpatient study in an urban HIV clinic. Read More

Psicol Reflex Crit 2019 Jul 15;32(1):14. Epub 2019 Jul 15.

Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Borges Lagoa, 570 - 1o andar - Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04038-030, Brazil.

Background: Crack use has become a severe health problem in Brazil. Contingency management has shown robust evidence of efficacy in the treatment of cocaine use disorder (CUD) in high-income countries; however, it is still unclear how this intervention can impact treatment in low-income countries.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of contingency management in the treatment of CUD among individuals with a previous history of poor treatment response in Brazil. Read More