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Cancer Treat Res Commun 2021 Mar 28;27:100364. Epub 2021 Mar 28.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Background: Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy due to the tumor's acquisition of chemoresistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. To solve this problem, we conducted RNAi-based large-scale screening and determined that tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains 1 (TIE-1) is a key molecule involved in the platinum resistance of ovarian cancer cells. Recently, a variety of studies have investigated that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) contribute to the communication between cancer cells, including the development of chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. Read More

Subcell Biochem 2021 ;97:211-245

Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Chemotherapy represents the current mainstay therapeutic approach for most types of cancer. Despite the development of targeted chemotherapeutic strategies, the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs is severely limited by the development of drug resistance. Multidrug resistance (MDR) consists of the simultaneous resistance to various unrelated cytotoxic drugs and is one of the main causes of anticancer treatment failure. Read More

Front Oncol 2021 10;11:645698. Epub 2021 Mar 10.

Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.

While numerous therapies are highly efficacious in early-stage breast cancers and in particular subsets of breast cancers, therapeutic resistance and metastasis unfortunately arise in many patients. In many cases, tumors that are resistant to standard of care therapies, as well as tumors that have metastasized, are treatable but incurable with existing clinical strategies. Both therapy resistance and metastasis are multi-step processes during which tumor cells must overcome diverse environmental and selective hurdles. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Mar 22;11(1):6556. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.

Hyperactivation of ABC transporter ABCB1 and induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are the most common mechanism of acquired cancer chemoresistance. This study describes possible mechanisms, that might contribute to upregulation of ABCB1 and synergistically boost the acquisition of doxorubicin (DOX) resistance in breast cancer MX-1 cell line. DOX resistance in MX-1 cell line was induced by a stepwise increase of drug concentration or by pretreatment of cells with an ABCB1 transporter activator tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP) followed by DOX exposure. Read More

Nat Commun 2021 03 19;12(1):1716. Epub 2021 Mar 19.

IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small but critical cell population for cancer biology since they display inherent resistance to standard therapies and give rise to metastases. Despite accruing evidence establishing a link between deregulation of epitranscriptome-related players and tumorigenic process, the role of messenger RNA (mRNA) modifications in the regulation of CSC properties remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the cytoplasmic pool of fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) impedes CSC abilities in colorectal cancer through its N,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (mA) demethylase activity. Read More