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Stem Cell Res 2021 Apr 1;53:102317. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, USA. Electronic address:

Culture expanded bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are easily isolated, can be grown rapidly en masse, and contain both skeletal stem cells (SSCs) and multipotent mesenchymal progenitors (MMPs). Despite this functional heterogeneity, BMSCs continue to be utilized for many applications due to the lack of definitive and universally accepted markers to prospectively identify and purify SSCs. Isolation is widely based on adherence to tissue culture plastic; however, high hematopoietic contamination is a significant impediment in murine models. Read More

Biomaterials 2021 Mar 31;273:120784. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China. Electronic address:

Clinical treatment of malignant glioma remains a major challenge due to high infiltrative growth and chemotherapeutic resistance of tumors and the presence of the blood brain barrier (BBB). Advanced nanoplatforms that can efficiently cross the BBB and target to brain tumor are urgently needed. Encouraged by the intrinsic inflammatory chemotaxis and excellent BBB-crossing capability of neutrophils, a bioinspired neutrophil-exosomes (NEs-Exos) system for delivering loaded doxorubicin (DOX) drug for glioma treatment is proposed and systematically investigated. Read More

Neurobiol Dis 2021 Apr 10:105365. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research & Development, A division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium. Electronic address:

The imbalance between production and clearance of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides and their resulting accumulation in the brain is an early and crucial step in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, Aβ is strongly positioned as a promising and extensively validated therapeutic target for AD. Investigational disease-modifying approaches aiming at reducing cerebral Aβ concentrations include prevention of de novo production of Aβ through inhibition of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), and clearance of Aβ deposits via passive Aβ immunotherapy. Read More

JCI Insight 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States of America.

Endothelial cells are important in the maintenance of healthy blood vessels and in the development of vascular diseases. However, the origin and dynamics of endothelial precursors and remodeling at the single-cell level have been difficult to study in vivo due to technical limitations. We aimed to develop a direct visual approach to track the fate and function of single endothelial cells over several days-weeks in the same vascular bed in vivo using multiphoton microscopy (MPM) of transgenic Cdh5-Confetti mice and the kidney glomerulus as a model. Read More

Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021 Apr 13. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, 71069, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hangzhou, China;

Macrophages undergo profound metabolic reprogramming to join key immunoregulatory functions, which can be initiated by pattern recognition receptors. TREM2, a macrophage phagocytic receptor, plays pivotal roles in sepsis by enhancing bacterial clearance, which is associated with regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, how intracellular ROS participate in TREM2-mediated bactericidal activity remains unclear. Read More