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Eur J Immunol 2021 Apr 12. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Viral Immunology Systems Program (VISP), The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia.

Long-lived T memory stem cells (T ) are key to both naturally-occurring, and vaccine-conferred protection against infection. These cells are characterised by the CD45RA CCR7 CD95 phenotype. Significant heterogeneity within the T population is recognised, but distinguishing surface markers and functional characterisation of potential subsets are lacking. Read More

Cancer Gene Ther 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS), Univeritat Ramon Llull (URL), Barcelona, Spain.

Nowadays, the landscape of cancer treatments has broadened thanks to the clinical application of immunotherapeutics. After decades of failures, cancer immunotherapy represents an exciting alternative for those patients suffering from a wide variety of cancers, especially for those skin cancers, such as the early stages of melanoma. However, those cancers affecting internal organs still face a long way to success, because of the poor biodistribution of immunotherapies. Read More

Cancer Discov 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Cancer Immunotherapy & Tumor Immunology and Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells mediate potent antigen-specific antitumor activity, however, their indirect effects on the endogenous immune system is not well characterized. Remarkably, we demonstrate that CAR T cell treatment of mouse syngeneic glioblastoma activates intratumoral myeloid cells and induces endogenous T cell memory responses coupled with feed-forward propagation of CAR T responses. IFNy production by CAR T cells and IFNy-responsiveness of host immune cells is critical for tumor immune landscape remodeling to promote a more activated and less suppressive tumor microenvironment. Read More

Transplant Cell Ther 2021 Apr 14;27(4):330.e1-330.e9. Epub 2021 Jan 14.

Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dmitriy Rogachev National Medical Center Of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology And Immunology, Moscow, Russia. Electronic address:

Depletion of αβ T cells from the graft prevents graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and improves the outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from haploidentical donors. Delayed recovery of adaptive immunity remains a problem, which can be approached by adoptive T-cell transfer. In a randomized trial, we have assessed the safety and efficacy of low-dose memory (CD45RA-depleted) donor lymphocytes (mDLI) after HSCT with αβ T-cell depletion. Read More

Eur J Immunol 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.

A T cell receptor (TCR) with optimal avidity to a tumor antigen can be used to redirect T cells to eradicate cancer cells via adoptive cell transfer (ACT). Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are attractive targets because they are expressed in the testis, which is immune-privileged, and in the tumor. However, CTAs are self-antigens and natural TCRs to CTAs have low affinity/avidity due to central tolerance. Read More