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Harnessing Activin A Adjuvanticity to Promote Antibody Responses to BG505 HIV Envelope Trimers.

Authors:
Diane G Carnathan Kirti Kaushik Ali H Ellebedy Chiamaka A Enemuo Etse H Gebru Pallavi Dhadvai Mohammed Ata Ur Rasheed Matthias G Pauthner Gabriel Ozorowski Rafi Ahmed Dennis R Burton Andrew B Ward Guido Silvestri Shane Crotty Michela Locci

Front Immunol 2020 16;11:1213. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Scripps Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunogen Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States.

T follicular helper (T) cells are powerful regulators of affinity matured long-lived plasma cells. Eliciting protective, long-lasting antibody responses to achieve persistent immunity is the goal of most successful vaccines. Thus, there is potential in manipulating T cell responses. Herein, we describe an HIV vaccine development approach exploiting the cytokine activin A to improve antibody responses against recombinant HIV Envelope (Env) trimers in non-human primates. Administration of activin A improved the magnitude of Env-specific antibodies over time and promoted a significant increase in Env-specific plasma cells in the bone marrow. The boost in antibody responses was associated with reduced frequencies of T follicular regulatory (T) cells and increased germinal center T follicular helper (GC-T) to T cell ratios. Overall, these findings suggest that adjuvants inducing activin A production could potentially be incorporated in future rational design vaccine strategies aimed at improving germinal centers, long-lived plasma cells, and sustained antibody responses.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01213DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7308430PMC
April 2021

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