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Seroprevalence of Dromedary Camel HEV in Domestic and Imported Camels from Saudi Arabia.

Authors:
Sherif Aly El-Kafrawy Ahmed Mohamed Hassan Mai Mohamed El-Daly Ishtiaq Qadri Ahmed Majdi Tolah Tagreed Lafi Al-Subhi Abdulrahman A Alzahrani Ghaleb A Alsaaidi Nabeela Al-Abdullah Reham Mohammed Kaki Tian-Cheng Li Esam Ibraheem Azhar

Viruses 2020 05 18;12(5). Epub 2020 May 18.

Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) imposes a major health concern in areas with very poor sanitation in Africa and Asia. The pathogen is transmitted mainly through ingesting contaminated water or food, coming into contact with affected people, and blood transfusions. Very few reports including old reports are available on the prevalence of HEV in Saudi Arabia in humans and no reports exist on HEV prevalence in camels. Dromedary camel trade and farming are increasing in Saudi Arabia with importation occurring unidirectionally from Africa to Saudi Arabia. DcHEV transmission to humans has been reported in one case from the United Arab Emeritus (UAE). This instigated us to perform this investigation of the seroprevalence of HEV in imported and domestic camels in Saudi Arabia. Serum samples were collected from imported and domestic camels. DcHEV-Abs were detected in collected sera using ELISA. The prevalence of DcHEV in the collected samples was 23.1% with slightly lower prevalence in imported camels than domestic camels (22.4% vs. 25.4%, value = 0.3). Gender was significantly associated with the prevalence of HEV in the collected camels ( value = 0.015) where males (31.6%) were more infected than females (13.4%). This study is the first study to investigate the prevalence of HEV in dromedary camels from Saudi Arabia. The high seroprevalence of DcHEV in dromedaries might indicate their role as a zoonotic reservoir for viral infection to humans. Future HEV seroprevalence studies in humans are needed to investigate the role of DcHEV in the Saudi human population.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12050553DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7290434PMC
May 2020

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