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Knowledge and attitudes towards E-cigarette use in Lebanon and their associated factors.

Authors:
Hanan Aghar Nathalie El-Khoury Mahasen Reda Wissam Hamadeh Hussein Krayem Mohammad Mansour Hawraa Raouf Miran A Jaffa

BMC Public Health 2020 Feb 28;20(1):278. Epub 2020 Feb 28.

Epidemiology and Population Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O.Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.

Background: Despite the misconceptions regarding E-cigarettes (ECs), only a few studies have been conducted in the Middle East that focused on this topic. This study assesses the knowledge of and attitudes towards ECs in Lebanon, determines how these two measures are associated, and identifies the variables that explain each of these measures.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of Lebanese pedestrians aged between 18 and 64 inclusive. A structured self-administered questionnaire comprising of knowledge and attitude scales, and questions on demographical, health and smoking characteristics was used.

Results: Scores for attitudes and knowledge of ECs were summed and dichotomized using a 75% cutoff, above which the participant was considered to have a positive attitude and good knowledge. Among the 352 participants (56.6% males, 43.3% females, mean age 30.3, 46.2% smokers), 63.3% exhibited a lower level of EC knowledge. More than 50% erroneously thought that ECs are not associated with lung and bladder cancer or impair lung and heart function. 65% falsely thought that it is harmless and not addictive. As for attitude, 43.3, 53.9, and 44.3% thought that it is socially acceptable, helps in smoking cessation, and is a good replacement for cigarettes and an enjoyable recreational device respectively. Our results revealed an inverse correlation between attitude and knowledge scores (Spearman's correlation = -.30, p < .001). Predictors of knowledge included health-related occupation (p = .010), regular exercise (p = .016), healthy diet (p = .026), EC use (p = .026), perception that ECs are not harmful (p = .001), and help in smoking cessation (p = .017). Predictors of attitude included EC use (p = .008), sex (p = .010), and knowledge that most ECs are addictive (p = .006), harmful (p = .014), and impair heart and lung function (p = .047).

Conclusions: Our study revealed a gap in EC knowledge, especially among participants who displayed a positive attitude towards ECs. Hence, measures should be undertaken to regulate its use by instituting more stringent laws and holding nationwide awareness campaigns.

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 Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8381-xDOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7049178PMC
February 2020

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