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J Cell Mol Med 2021 Feb 19. Epub 2021 Feb 19.

Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.

Severe ionizing radiation causes the acute lethal damage of haematopoietic system and gastrointestinal tract. Here, we found CL429, the novel chimeric TLR2/NOD2 agonist, exhibited significant radioprotective effects in mice. CL429 increased mice survival, protected mice against the lethal damage of haematopoietic system and gastrointestinal tract. Read More

Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021 Feb 2. Epub 2021 Feb 2.

Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Cancer institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. Electronic address:

Purpose: Radiation-induced gastrointestinal syndrome (RIGS) is currently the main cause of death for people exposed to a high dose of irradiation during nuclear incidents, and there is currently no approved effective therapy. Here, we found that CBP/P300 inhibitors, with high efficacy and low toxicity, might be promising radiation mitigators that can cure RIGS.

Methods And Materials: Ex vivo 3D organoid cultures derived from mouse jejunum and human ileum and colon were used to examine the radio-mitigative effects of CBP/P300 inhibitors. Read More

Adv Healthc Mater 2021 Jan 27:e2001615. Epub 2021 Jan 27.

Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.

Radiation treatments often unfavorably damage neighboring healthy organs and cause a series of radiation sequelae, such as radiation-induced hematopoietic system diseases, radiation-induced gastrointestinal diseases, radiation-induced lung diseases, and radiation-induced skin diseases. Recently, emerging nanomaterials have exhibited good superiority for these radiation-induced disease treatments. Given this background, the rational design principle of nanomaterials, which helps to optimize the therapeutic efficiency, has been an increasing need. Read More

Cell Host Microbe 2021 01;29(1):7-9

INSERM U1016, team ''Mucosal microbiota in chronic inflammatory diseases'', CNRS UMR 8104, Université de Paris, Paris, France. Electronic address:

High-dose ionizing radiation used during cancer radiotherapy is associated with the induction of hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and cerebrovascular injuries. In a recent Science issue, Guo et al. demonstrated that the gut microbiota-and its associated metabolites-play a central role in protecting against high-dose radiation. Read More

Radiat Oncol 2021 Jan 13;16(1). Epub 2021 Jan 13.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.

An ever-growing body of evidence has linked the gut microbiome with both the effectiveness and the toxicity of cancer therapies. Radiotherapy is an effective way to treat tumors, although large variations exist among patients in tumor radio-responsiveness and in the incidence and severity of radiotherapy-induced side effects. Relatively little is known about whether and how the microbiome regulates the response to radiotherapy. Read More