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ISME J 2022 May 21. Epub 2022 May 21.

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.

Antibiotics are our primary approach to treating complex infections, yet we have a poor understanding of how these drugs affect microbial communities. To better understand antimicrobial effects on host-associated microbial communities we treated cultured sputum microbiomes from people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF, n = 24) with 11 different antibiotics, supported by theoretical and mathematical modeling-based predictions in a mucus-plugged bronchiole microcosm. Treatment outcomes we identified in vitro that were predicted in silico were: 1) community death, 2) community resistance, 3) pathogen killing, and 4) fermenter killing. Read More

ISME J 2022 May 21. Epub 2022 May 21.

CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.

Dietary fibers are generally thought to benefit intestinal health. Their impacts on the composition and metabolic function of the gut microbiome, however, vary greatly across individuals. Previous research showed that each individual's response to fibers depends on their baseline gut microbiome, but the ecology driving microbiota remodeling during fiber intake remained unclear. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 May 21;12(1):8589. Epub 2022 May 21.

Academy of Medical, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Changchun, China.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common type of cancer-prevalent worldwide-and one of the causes of cancer-related deaths. In this study, ethanol extracts from Pholiota adiposa (EPA) were used to identify possible targets for HCC treatment and their effects on intestinal microflora were analyzed. Methods: Male mice were randomly assigned to groups-the model group, cyclophosphamide (25 mg/kg/d), and EPA groups, in which the mice were categorized based on the different concentrations of each compound (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg/day). Read More

Cell Death Dis 2022 May 21;13(5):484. Epub 2022 May 21.

Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.

Prophylactic antibiotics (Abx) are used before liver surgery, and the influence of antibiotic pretreatment on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remains unclear. Hence, we explored the impact of Abx pretreatment on hepatic IRI in the present work. The gut microbiota has an essential role in hepatic bile acid (BA) metabolism, and we assumed that depletion of the gut microbiota could affect the composition of hepatic BAs and affect liver IRI. Read More

Chemosphere 2022 May 18:135009. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. Electronic address:

Benzene poisoning is a common adverse blood outcome in occupational workers, manifested by hematopoietic dysfunction. However, the specific phenotype and its mechanisms of early hematopoietic toxicity caused by benzene remain unclear. After 15 days of exposure, the WBC levels were not significantly altered in benzene-exposed mice. Read More