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Curr Biol 2022 Jun;32(12):R650-R655

Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK. Electronic address:

Consider how advantageous it might be to have eyes on our hands, rather than on our faces: depth perception would be improved by the greater distance between the eyes, and it would be easy to look into relatively inaccessible spaces by appropriate movement of the hands. The absence of mammals that use this visual strategy draws attention to constraints on how evolution is able to 'design' the nervous system. Energy use in particular, in this case the large amount of energy that would be needed to send visual information along the ∼10 optic nerve axons over the length of the arms to the brain (instead of along the much shorter optic nerve), imposes significant design constraints on the nervous system. Read More

Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022 Jun;11(6):18

Department of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of paravascular abnormalities (PVAs) and retinoschisis, and their associations with choroidal thickness (ChT) in young highly myopic (HM) adults.

Methods: A total number of 645 eyes were included. Paravascular microfolds (PMs), paravascular cystoid spaces (PCs), paravascular lamellar holes (PLHs), and retinoschisis were detected using swept-source optical coherence tomography. Read More

Biosystems 2022 Jun 13;219:104716. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Center for Algorithmic and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, Biology, and Biotechnology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, 68163 Mannheim, Germany. Electronic address:

A message such as mRNA, which consists of continuous characters without separators (such as commas or spaces), can easily be decoded incorrectly if it is read in the wrong reading frame. One construct to theoretically avoid these reading frame errors is the class of block codes. However, the first hypothesis of Watson and Crick (1953) that block codes are used as a tool to avoid reading frame errors in coding sequences already failed because the four periodical codons AAA, CCC, GGG and UUU seem to play an important role in protein coding sequences. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 24;9:833139. Epub 2022 May 24.

Dipartimento di Emergenza e Trapianto d'Organi, U.O.C. Reumatologia Universitaria, Clinica Reumatologica, Scuola di Specializzazione in Reumatologia, Bari, Italy.

Spondyloarthritis are chronic inflammatory diseases affecting spine, peripheral joints and enthesis, as well as extra-articular sites (bowel, eyes, skin). Diagnosis of spondyloarthritis often is slow and requires a multidisciplinary approach. The "Early SpA Clinic" project aimed at improving the patient care and journeys, by solving some organizational issues existing in Rheumatology Clinics. Read More

Clin Interv Aging 2022 2;17:903-913. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Background And Objective: Motor dysfunction is common in the elderly, and is associated with adverse consequences. Enlarged perivascular spaces in basal ganglia (BG-EPVSs) are considered an MRI marker of cerebral small-vessel diseases. However, the consequences of BG-EPVSs are largely unknown. Read More