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J Org Chem 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.

[RuCl(-cymene)]/AgNO-catalyzed intramolecular double hydrofunctionalization of internal alkynes having nitrogen and oxygen nucleophilic groups at appropriate positions provided a series of spirocyclic hemiaminal ether derivatives in good to excellent yields. The product spiro-hemiaminal ethers underwent Lewis acid-mediated chemoselective cleavage, and in situ-generated iminium/oxocarbenium ions could be trapped with nucleophiles to afford a range of nitrogen and oxygen heterocycles. Read More

J Am Chem Soc 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.

Simple copper salts serve as catalysts to effect C-X bond-forming reactions in some of the most utilized transformations in synthesis, including the oxidative coupling of aryl boronic acids and amines. However, these Chan-Lam coupling reactions have historically relied on chemical oxidants that limit their applicability beyond small-scale synthesis. Despite the success of replacing strong chemical oxidants with electrochemistry for a variety of metal-catalyzed processes, electrooxidative reactions with ligandless copper catalysts are plagued by slow electron-transfer kinetics, irreversible copper plating, and competitive substrate oxidation. Read More

Physiol Plant 2021 Apr 16. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.

Hydrogen sulfide (H S) is a small, reactive signalling molecule that is produced within chloroplasts of plant cells as an intermediate in the assimilatory sulfate reduction pathway by the enzyme sulfite reductase. Additionally, H S is also produced in cytosol and mitochondria by desulfhydration of L-cysteine catalyzed by L-cysteine desulfhydrase (DES1) in the cytosol and from β-cyanoalanine in mitochondria, in a reaction catalyzed by β-cyano-Ala synthase C1 (CAS-C1). H S exerts its numerous biological functions by post-translational modification involving oxidation of cysteine residues (RSH) to persulfides (RSSH). Read More

ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021 Apr 22;4(2):1001-1013. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17 People's South Road, Chengdu 610041, China.

Drug induced cholestasis (DIC) is complexly associated with dysbiosis of the host-gut microbial cometabolism of bile acids (BAs). Murine animals are not suitable for transitional studies because the murine BA metabolism is quite different from human metabolism. In this work, the rifampicin (RFP) induced cholestasis was established in beagle dogs that have a humanlike BA profile to disclose how RFP affects the host-gut microbial cometabolism of BAs. Read More

Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021 30;9:655522. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insect Bio-reactor, Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China.

Leucine dehydrogenase (LDH) is a NAD-dependent oxidoreductase, which can selectively catalyze α-keto acids to obtain α-amino acids and their derivatives. It plays a key role in the biosynthesis of -tert-leucine (-Tle). As a non-naturally chiral amino acid, -Tle can be used as an animal feed additive, nutrition fortifier, which is a perspective and important building block in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food additive industry. Read More