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Eur J Immunol 2021 Mar 5. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charitéplatz Platz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany.

Cytokine signaling, especially interferon (IFN) signaling is closely linked to several aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection. During initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, symptomatic patients present with impaired type I/III IFN-mediated antiviral responses. Interestingly, IFNs regulate the cellular entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2 on epithelial and endothelial cells. Read More

Br J Cancer 2021 Mar 5. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Division of Infection & Immunity, Henry Wellcome Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.

Background: The T cell cytokine profile is a key prognostic indicator of post-surgical outcome for colorectal cancer (CRC). Whilst T1 (IFN-γ) cell-mediated responses generated in CRC are well documented and are associated with improved survival, antigen-specific T17 (IL-17A) responses have not been similarly measured.

Methods: We sought to determine the cytokine profile of circulating tumour antigen-(5T4/CEA) specific T cells of 34 CRC patients to address whether antigen-specific IL-17A responses were detectable and whether these were distinct to IFN-γ responses. Read More

Brain Sci 2021 Feb 17;11(2). Epub 2021 Feb 17.

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) covers a range of neurodevelopmental disorders involving impairments in communication and repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior and reciprocal social interaction. 5-Aminoisoquinolinone (5-AIQ), a PARP-1 inhibitor, has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the influence of 5-AIQ-treatment in BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) mice as an autism model and used flow cytometry to assess the effect of 5-AIQ on FOXP3, Helios, GATA3, IL-9, IL-10 and IL-17A production by CXCR6+ and CD4+ T cells in the spleen. Read More

Biomedicines 2021 Feb 18;9(2). Epub 2021 Feb 18.

Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.

Therapeutic applications of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted considerable attention because of their immunomodulatory properties against immune-mediated, inflammatory diseases. Here, we demonstrated enhanced immunomodulatory properties of EVs secreted from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducer thapsigargin (TSG)-primed human Wharton's jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs). EVs from TSG-primed WJ-MSCs (TSG-EV) showed increased yield and expression of immunomodulatory factors, such as transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), and especially indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), compared to control EVs. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2021 Feb 16;22(4). Epub 2021 Feb 16.

Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.

Melanoma is a severe and life-threatening malignancy derived from melanocytes. The traditional treatment for melanoma could not sustain satisfactory outcomes long term; however, the recent immune checkpoint treatment has made a breakthrough in these problems. Nivolumab is a representative immune checkpoint treatment, and this PD-1-targeted therapy has evolutionally developed and improved the clinical outcome in a recent decade. Read More