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Front Cell Neurosci 2022 28;16:880369. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Department of Medical Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.

The trigeminal ganglion (TG) is the primary site of aberration in trigeminal neuralgia (TN), and hence a crucial site where afferent input can be modulated. Here, we postulated that inhibiting TG optogenetics using flexible optic cannula would diminish brainstem trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) neuronal activity and pain behavior in TN rat model. Infraorbital nerve constriction was employed to induce TN in female Sprague-Dawley rats, while naive and sham rats served as controls. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022 May 10;614:78-84. Epub 2022 May 10.

Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address:

A dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) agonist and an anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antibody were separately reported to reduce neuropathic pain. To further attenuate neuropathic pain, co-administration of a D2R agonist and an anti-CGRP antibody was performed in a rat with the infraorbital nerve (ION) ligation. However, this co-administration showed no further attenuation of mechanical hypersensitivity compared to the administration of anti-CGRP antibody alone. Read More

Animals (Basel) 2022 May 9;12(9). Epub 2022 May 9.

Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

This study investigated the cardiopulmonary effects and pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine (DEX) used as an adjunctive analgesic for regional anesthesia of the oral cavity with levobupivacaine in anesthetized dogs. Forty dogs were randomly assigned to four groups of 10 dogs. All dogs received levobupivacaine (4 blocks) with DEX IO (infraorbital block, = 10) or IA (inferior alveolar block, = 10) or placebo (PLC; = 10) or DEX ( = 10) was injected intravenously (IV) after administration of levobupivacaine. Read More

FASEB J 2022 May;36 Suppl 1

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok.

The infraorbital nerve (ION) provides sensation around mid-face and the ION block is used for regional anesthesia in many procedures. Therefore, the location of infraorbital foramen (IOF) and accessory infraorbital foramen (AIOF) where the ION and its branches exit through is important. Although, many studies tried to identify the location of the foramen using facial landmarks, the results varied and some of them were not applicable in practice. Read More

J Am Coll Radiol 2022 May;19(5S):S67-S86

Specialty Chair, Atlanta VA Health Care System and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.

Maxillofacial trauma patients comprise a significant subset of patients presenting to emergency departments. Before evaluating for facial trauma, an emergency or trauma physician must perform a primary survey to ensure patient stabilization. Following this primary survey, this document discusses the following clinical scenarios for facial trauma: tenderness to palpation or contusion or edema over frontal bone (suspected frontal bone injury); pain with upper jaw manipulation or pain overlying zygoma or zygomatic deformity or facial elongation or malocclusion or infraorbital nerve paresthesia (suspected midface injury); visible nasal deformity or palpable nasal deformity or tenderness to palpation of the nose or epistaxis (suspected nasal bone injury); and trismus or malocclusion or gingival hemorrhage or mucosal hemorrhage or loose teeth or fractured teeth or displaced teeth (suspected mandibular injury). Read More