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Value Health Reg Issues 2021 Apr 7;24:187-192. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. Electronic address:

Health Technology Assessment (HTA), a tool for priority setting, has emerged as a means of ensuring the sustainability of a Universal Health Coverage (UHC) system. However, setting up an effective HTA system poses multiple challenges and knowledge exchange can play a crucial role in helping countries achieve their UHC targets. This article reports the results of the discussion during a preconference session at the 2019 HTAsiaLink Conference, an annual gathering of HTA agencies in Asia, which supports knowledge transfer and exchange among HTA practitioners. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021 Apr 9. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Department of Agronomy, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.

Higher demands of food led to higher nitrogen application to promote cropping intensification and produce more which may have negative effects on the environment and lead to pollution. While sustainable wheat production is under threat due to low soil fertility and organic matter due to nutrient degradation at high temperatures in the region. The current research explores the effects of different types of coated urea fertilizers and their rates on wheat crop under arid climatic conditions of Pakistan. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Apr 8;11(1):7723. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.

Wildfires are a major disturbance to forest carbon (C) balance through both immediate combustion emissions and post-fire ecosystem dynamics. Here we used a process-based biogeochemistry model, the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM), to simulate C budget in Alaska and Canada during 1986-2016, as impacted by fire disturbances. We extracted the data of difference Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) for fires from Landsat TM/ETM imagery and estimated the proportion of vegetation and soil C combustion. Read More

Environ Sci Technol 2021 Apr 8. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China.

The ecological roles of influent microflora in activated sludge communities have not been well investigated. Herein, parallel lab-scale anoxic/aerobic (A/O) membrane bioreactors (MBRs), which were fed with raw (MBR-C) and sterilized (MBR-T) municipal wastewater, were operated. The MBRs showed comparable nitrogen removal but superior phosphorus removal in MBR-C than MBR-T over the long-term operation. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2021 22;8:614829. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, Scientific Institute for Research and Health Care, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.

The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is a strategy utilized by neutrophils for capturing infective agents. Extracellular traps consist in a physical net made of DNA and intracellular proteins externalized from neutrophils, where bacteria and viruses are entrapped and killed by proteolysis. A complex series of events contributes to achieving NET formation: signaling from infectious triggers comes first, followed by decondensation of chromatin and extrusion of the nucleosome components (DNA, histones) from the nucleus and, after cell membrane breakdown, outside the cell. Read More