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Cancer Sci 2021 Jan 8. Epub 2021 Jan 8.

Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

In recent years, the excellent curative effect of CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has brought hope to patients with relapsing or refractory B-cell hematological malignancies, however relapse after CAR T-cell infusion has hindered the widespread clinical application of this immunotherapy and targeted antigen-negative relapse has caused widespread concern. Consequently, strategies for increasing targeted antigens have been created. In addition to the most widely applied target, namely CD19, researchers have further explored the possibility of other targets, such as CD20, CD22, CD33, and CD123, and have tested a series of combination antigen CAR T-cell therapies. Read More

Cancer Discov 2020 Dec 17. Epub 2020 Dec 17.

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.

T cell-based therapies have induced cancer remissions, though most tumors ultimately progress, reflecting inherent or acquired resistance including antigen escape. Better understanding of how T cells eliminate tumors will help decipher resistance mechanisms. We used a CRISPR/Cas9 screen and identified a necessary role for Fas-FasL in antigen-specific T-cell killing. Read More

Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020 13;12:1758835920962963. Epub 2020 Oct 13.

Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a rapidly developing method for adoptive immunotherapy of tumours in recent years. CAR T-cell therapies have demonstrated unprecedented efficacy in the treatment of patients with haematological malignancies. A 90% complete response (CR) rate has been reported in patients with advanced relapse or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, while >50% CR rates have been reported in cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and partial B-cell lymphoma. Read More

Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020 10;16(10):1029-1042

Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, USA.

Introduction: Though 85% of children and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are cured, until recently, the prognosis of relapsed or refractory disease has been dismal. The advent of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has transformed the treatment of relapsed/refractory ALL. The most well-studied, successful CARs are autologous, murine-based anti-CD19 CARs, but new constructs are currently under clinical investigation. Read More

Front Med 2020 Dec 13;14(6):726-745. Epub 2020 Aug 13.

Molecular & Immunological Department, Bio-therapeutic Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have been indicated effective in treating B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma and have shown encouraging results in preclinical and clinical studies. However, CAR T cells have achieved minimal success against solid malignancies because of the additional obstacles of their insufficient migration into tumors and poor amplification and persistence, in addition to antigen-negative relapse and an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Various preclinical studies are exploring strategies to overcome the above challenges. Read More