Background: Skeletonization of the internal mammary artery for single left internal mammary artery (LIMA) use remains controversial. We sought to elucidate the effect of different harvesting techniques applied in single LIMA grafting.Method: Between January 2006 and January 2012, 982 patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass with pedicled LIMA conduits (P Group) and 928 patients undergoing the same operation with skeletonized LIMA conduits (S Group) were enrolled.