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J AAPOS 2021 Feb 27. Epub 2021 Feb 27.

Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;; Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Boston, Massachusetts;; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts;; Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Electronic address:

Orbital myositis is a rare, commonly idiopathic, inflammatory condition that affects one or more extraocular muscles. We present a case of unilateral orbital myositis affecting the lateral rectus muscle presenting with gaze-evoked amaurosis, pain, and diplopia, with restrictive limitation of adduction. With improvement in adduction after initiating treatment, we noted narrowing of the palpebral fissure on attempted adduction, mimicking Duane retraction syndrome (DRS). Read More

Brain Res Bull 2021 Feb 27. Epub 2021 Feb 27.

Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran. Electronic address:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease, in which the accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide in the extracellular space causes a progressive reduction in cognitive performance. Aβ stimulates active oxygen species generation leading to oxidative stress and neural cell death. Vanillic Acid (VA) is the oxidant form of vanillin widely found in vanilla beans. Read More

Metab Brain Dis 2021 Mar 2. Epub 2021 Mar 2.

Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP96010-900, Brazil.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a worldwide problem, and there are currently no treatments that can stop this disease. To investigate the binding affinity of 6-((4-fluorophenyl) selanyl)-9H-purine (FSP) with acetylcholinesterase (AChE), to verify the effects of FSP in an AD model in mice and to evaluate the toxicological potential of this compound in mice. The binding affinity of FSP with AChE was investigated by molecular docking analyses. Read More

Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021 Mar 2. Epub 2021 Mar 2.

Division of Neuroscience, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

The serotonergic system extends throughout the central nervous system (CNS) and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In the CNS, serotonin (5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine) modulates a broad spectrum of functions, including mood, cognition, anxiety, learning, memory, reward processing, and sleep. These processes are mediated through 5-HT binding to 5-HT receptors (5-HTRs), are classified into seven distinct groups. Read More

Alzheimers Dement 2021 Mar 1. Epub 2021 Mar 1.

Division of Neurocognitive Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Introduction: This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the Cogstate Brief Battery (CBB) for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a population-based sample.

Methods: Participants included adults ages 50+ classified as cognitively unimpaired (CU, n = 2866) or MCI (n = 226), and a subset with amyloid (A) and tau (T) positron emission tomography who were AD biomarker negative (A-T-) or had prodromal AD (A+T+).

Results: Diagnostic accuracy of the Learning/Working Memory Composite (Lrn/WM) for discriminating all CU and MCI was moderate (area under the curve [AUC] = 0. Read More