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Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021 Jan-Dec;35:2058738421990493

Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic asthma (AA) exhibit similar inflammatory response in the airways. However, the remodelling is more extensive in the lower airways, suggesting that the inflammation itself is not sufficient for allergic phenotype. We aimed to analyse whether the expression of selected 27 inflammatory and fibrosis-related proteins may be altered in AR and AA in the paediatric population and whether the expression pattern is either similar (due to the inflammation) or disease-specific (due to the remodelling). Read More

Scand J Immunol 2021 Feb 23:e13032. Epub 2021 Feb 23.

Dept Dermatology and Allergology Biederstein, Technical University Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.

Over the last century eosinophils have been regarded ambiguously either as "friends" or "foes". Recent developments have greatly enhanced our understanding of the role and function of eosinophils in health and disease. Pathogenic eosinophilic inflammation can lead to severe diseases in various organs, such as the gastrointestinal tract, airways, heart, and skin. Read More

HNO 2021 Feb 23. Epub 2021 Feb 23.

Deutsche Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e. V., Bonn, Deutschland.

Background: The first year of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has already affected our public health care system to an enormous extent and will continue to do so in the future. Otorhinolaryngologists (ORLs) are suspected to be at high risk of infection, due to the high viral load in the mucosa of the upper airways. The current review evaluates the impact of the pandemic on ORLs' activities and assesses the risk infection. Read More

bioRxiv 2021 Feb 20. Epub 2021 Feb 20.

Infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, can lead to severe lower respiratory illness including pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can result in profound morbidity and mortality. However, many infected individuals are either asymptomatic or have isolated upper respiratory symptoms, which suggests that the upper airways represent the initial site of viral infection, and that some individuals are able to largely constrain viral pathology to the nasal and oropharyngeal tissues. Which cell types in the human nasopharynx are the primary targets of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and how infection influences the cellular organization of the respiratory epithelium remains incompletely understood. Read More

Int J Hyg Environ Health 2021 Feb 19;234:113710. Epub 2021 Feb 19.

Department of Chemistry, Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address:

To date, little is known about the effective doses of airborne particulate matter (PM) and PM-bound hazardous organic components to the human respiratory tract (HRT). In the light of this, here we provide particle mass dose rates (dose per hour of exposure) of PM and a suite of PM-bound hazardous organic compounds in the HRT for two population age groups (adults & children). More specifically, the mass dose rates of PM and PM-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitrated-PAH (NPAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were estimated at two urban sites using a multiple path particle dosimetry model. Read More