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Cancers (Basel) 2021 Feb 12;13(4). Epub 2021 Feb 12.

Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.

One of the main reasons for the aggressive behavior of glioblastoma (GBM) is its intrinsic intra-tumor heterogeneity, characterized by the presence of clonal and subclonal differentiated tumor cell populations, glioma stem cells, and components of the tumor microenvironment, which affect multiple hallmark cellular functions in cancer. "Tumor Heterogeneity" usually encompasses both (population-level differences); and (differences within individual tumors). Tumor heterogeneity may be assessed in a single time point (spatial heterogeneity) or along the clinical evolution of GBM (longitudinal heterogeneity). Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2021 Feb 12;13(4). Epub 2021 Feb 12.

Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.

Recent research has promoted elucidation of the diverse biological processes that occur in pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Molecular genetic analysis is essential not only for proper classification, but also for monitoring biological behavior and clinical management of tumors. Ever since the 2016 World Health Organization classification of CNS tumors, molecular profiling has become an indispensable step in the diagnosis, prediction of prognosis, and treatment of pediatric as well as adult CNS tumors. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2021 Feb 24;22(5). Epub 2021 Feb 24.

Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta 34511, Egypt.

Gliomas, which account for nearly a quarter of all primary CNS tumors, present significant contemporary therapeutic challenges, particularly the highest-grade variant (glioblastoma multiforme), which has an especially poor prognosis. These difficulties are due to the tumor's aggressiveness and the adverse effects of radio/chemotherapy on the brain. Stem cell therapy is an exciting area of research being explored for several medical issues. Read More

Brain Tumor Pathol 2021 Mar 5. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.

Meningeal solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) and hemangiopericytoma (HPC) were categorized as the same entity in the World Health Organization (WHO) 2016 classification of tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). Although NAB2-STAT6 fusion protein can be used to distinguish most of SFT/HPC from the other sarcomas, additional biomarkers were requested to separate meningeal SFT/HPC from meningioma and the molecular pathological difference between meningeal SFT/HPC and extra-CNS SFT/HPC still remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the expression of TTF-1 in 67 meningeal SFT/HPC, 62 extra-CNS SFT/HPC and 201 meningiomas samples with immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays. Read More

Adv Radiat Oncol 2021 Jan-Feb;6(1):100561. Epub 2020 Sep 16.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.

Purpose: Prior studies have mixed conclusions about the efficacy and central nervous system (CNS) toxicity profile of combining radiosurgery with anti-programed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) for brain metastases. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of combined radiosurgery and anti-PD-1 ICI for melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) brain metastases (BM).

Methods And Materials: Forty-one patients with 153 radiation naïve melanoma BM and 33 patients with 118 BM of NSCLC and RCC origin from 2014 through 2019 received radiosurgery and either anti PD-1 receptor inhibition or anti PD-L1 inhibition targeting the PD-1 ligand with less than 4 months separating either therapy. Read More