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Cureus 2023 Aug 24;15(8):e44065. Epub 2023 Aug 24.

Legal Medicine, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, ESP.

Introduction Numerous studies have delved into the clinical efficacy of different topical treatments for actinic keratosis (AK). However, our understanding remains limited regarding their capacity to prevent DNA and protein damage caused by ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the preventive capabilities of various AK-targeted products in countering DNA and protein alterations in human biopsies following exposure to experimental UVR. Read More

J Hypertens 2023 Sep 14. Epub 2023 Sep 14.

Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital.

Background And Aims: Pharmocovigillance reports, associating hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) with skin cancer, resulted in a significant decrease of HCT prescriptions for hypertension and heart failure. Whether HCT exhibits phototoxic properties thereby causing skin cancer remains unknown. This study aimed to examine the photosensitizing, phototoxic and carcinogenic potential of HCT in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial in vivo and also in vitro. Read More

Astrobiology 2023 Sep 18;23(9):959-978. Epub 2023 Aug 18.

Univ Paris Est Creteil and Université Paris Cité, CNRS, LISA, F-94010 Créteil, France.

Organic matter is actively searched on Mars with current and future space missions as it is a key to detecting potential biosignatures. Given the current harsh environmental conditions at the surface of Mars, many organic compounds might not be preserved over a long period as they are exposed to energetic radiation such as ultraviolet light, which is not filtered above 190 nm by the martian atmosphere. Moreover, the presence of strong oxidizing species in the regolith, such as perchlorate salts, might enhance the photodegradation of organic compounds of astrobiological interest. Read More

Food Funct 2023 Sep 19;14(18):8331-8350. Epub 2023 Sep 19.

Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China.

ζ-Carotene is a key intermediate in the carotenoid pathway, but owing to its low content and difficulties in isolation, its application is restricted. In this study, three genes (, , and ) in the carotenoid pathway of Antarctic moss were identified, recombined, and expressed in () BL21(DE3). The expression product was identified as one of the ζ-carotenes by UV absorbance spectrum, thin layer chromatography (TLC), and super-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrum (UPLC-MS), and was called a ζ-carotene-like compound (CLC). Read More

Environ Mol Mutagen 2023 Aug 9. Epub 2023 Aug 9.

School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light is the primary etiological agent for skin cancers because UV damages cellular DNA. The most frequent form of UV damage is the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD), which consists of covalent linkages between neighboring pyrimidine bases in DNA. In human cells, the 5' position of cytosine bases in CG dinucleotides is frequently methylated, and methylated cytosines in the TP53 tumor suppressor are often sites of mutation hotspots in skin cancers. Read More